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Focuses on the challenges faced by water utilities in terms of potable water disinfection in the United States. Need to reduce disinfection byproducts; Increasing percentage of individuals at-risk for water-borne diseases such as cholera and typhoid.

The article focuses on the benefits derived from installing and operating a permanent pilot plant as a component of full-scale facilities. Water utilities have discovered that the plant can be used to set direction and pilot their operations. It is considered as an effective means of quickly assessing the impact of process changes and operating enhancements. The use of these plants for hands-on training of plant personnel prepares them to respond on potential changes in raw water quality.