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The paper addresses the definition, benefits, and limitations of probiotics. As living organisms, probiotics provide various health benefits primarily through the regulation of gut microbiota and immune response. Furthermore, a variety of probiotic strains, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, are discussed in view of their specific properties and clinical applications. The authors also highlight the significance of adverse effects, including systemic infections and metabolic issues, as well as potential risks, such as antibiotic resistance gene transfer. Additionally, the paper emphasizes the need for further research regarding the safety and efficacy of probiotics, and for the development of appropriate clinical guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]