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Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women's most prevalent endocrinology condition is a mixture of environmentally and genetically adduced causing PCOS. The relationship between monosaccharide and PCOS is largely unknown. Objective: This research was designed to investigate the relationship between blood levels of fructose, insulin resistance, and androgen hormone in women with PCOS, and the effect of obesity on the obtained result, as well as to study the efficacy of serum fructose as a biomarker in the diagnosis of PCOS. Cases and methods: This case-control research study was conducted at the Gynecology Clinic and Infertility Center, in Baghdad Teaching Hospital / Medical City between November 2021 to March 2022. It involved 120 women between the ages of 18-40 year. Fifty-nine women (cases) were newly diagnosed with PCOS by a gynecologist and 61 age and BMI matched healthy women (controls). PCOS women were subdivided according to their body mass index into four groups: lean, normal weight, overweight and obese. Investigations included serum measurements of fructose, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicular stimulating hormone (FSH), free testosterone, insulin, glucose, and calculated homeostasis model assessment- insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Results: The mean ±SD values of serum fructose, glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were significantly augmented in PCOS women as compared to controls (p< 0.001), while mean value of QUICKI was significantly decreased (p

Background: Lipids seem to have a direct influence in women breast cancer (BC) or dyslipidemia may be a consequence of this cancer. Objective: the aim of this study is to define serum levels of lipid profile in women with breast cancer (BC) and to compare that with fibroadenoma benign breast tumor. Also, to assess the role of serum CA 15-3 in early diagnosis of breast cancer (BC). Patients and Methods: This case study was carried out at Biochemistry Department, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, during the period from February 2017 to November 2017. It included 38 Iraqi women diagnosed with primary breast cancer (BC, Group-I) and 25 women with Fibroadenoma of benign breast tumor (FA, Group-II). Women with BC were sub divided according to their stage of BC into: stage I (n=12), stage II (n=14), and stage III (n=12). Investigations included serum measurements of CA 15-3 and lipid profile (Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride, LDL-Cholesterol and HDL-Cholesterol). Results: The mean value of CA15-3 in breast cancer women was found to be significantly higher (p

Background: Vitamin D and Leptin appears to play a range of roles in beta cell growth and insulin secretion and most importantly interaction with other hormonal mediators and regulators of energy and metabolism. Objective: The aim of this study was to measure serum leptin and vitamin D levels and to investigate their relationships with vitamin D and other clinical laboratory parameters in patients with type II diabetes. Subjects and Methods: Blood samples were taken from 80 patients with type II diabetes mellitus encountered during their attending the Internal Medicine clinic consultancy in Ramadi Teaching Hospital and the National Diabetes Center for Treatment and Research at Al-Mustansiriya University and 60 healthy subject. From December 2014 to November 2015. Investigations included serum Leptin, 25OHD, Insulin, HbA1c using ELISA and biochemical test.Results: The median concentration of serum 25 OH vitamin D of patients (15.70 ng/ ml) was significantly lower than healthy controls (20.27 ng/ ml). The rate of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) was significantly higher in patients (82.5%) than healthy controls (48.3%). The serum insulin and HOMA-IR were significant increase in patients had vitamin D < 20 ng/ml when compared with an insufficient/normal group. There were no significant differences in leptin levels between type II DM and healthy control. Conclusion: These results strongly support the role of vitamin D deficiency and serum leptin in pathogenesis of type II diabetes.

Background:The most principal mechanisms of cardiomyopathies are;high preload and afterload and low myocardial contractility, imbalance of trace elements may cause myocardial metabolic dysfunction and may have a role in aetiology of cardiomyopathy, particulary in IDC. Trace elements are being increasingly recognized as essential mediators of the development and progression of heart diseases. Methods: Study design Multi case-control study and single center estimation of trace elements concentrations in a number of volunteer settings this study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, Ibn Albitar Hospital, and in the Physiological Chemistry Department of the College of Medicine, Baghdad University, from June 2005 to July 2006. Subjects Twenty-five patients with IDC, 15 patients with ICM, 16 patients with coronary artery disease(CAD) who have normal LV function, and seventeen healthy individuals as controls were included in this study. Investigations included serum estimation of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and magnesium (Mg) concentrations in these groups of patients and controls. Results: The mean (±SD) value of serum zinc was significantly decreased in CAD patients compared with controls (P< 0.003). Serum Cu values (mean±SD) were significantly higher in IDC, ICM and CAD groups than in controls (P< 0.0001, P< 0.002, and P< 0.007, respectively). Serum Mg (mean±SD) value was significantly decreased in ICM patients compared to controls (P