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Introduction There are several carbonate-hosted Pb–Zn (F–Ba) deposits in the central Alborz zone hosted by upper part of Elika Formation. From an economic point of view, the most important deposits discovered to date are Sheshroudbar, Pachi Miana, Kamarposht and Era. It makes the central Alborz zone as one of the most important Pb–Zn (F–Ba) districts in Iran. In this district, Elika Formation is restricted by NE–SW-trending reverse faults, and thrusted over the Shemshak Formation. The main orebodies occurred in open spaces which formed due to angles between normal and reverse faults in the carbonate rocks of Elika Formation (Tabasi, 1997). Some of these deposits have been studied, and various models such as syn-diagenesis to epigenetic are presented for ore genesis (Alirezaei, 1989; Gorjizad, 1996; Rastad and Shariatmadar, 2002; Rajabi et al., 2013; Vahabzadeh et al., 2014; Nabiloo et al., 2018). Sarcheleshk is an abandoned mine of Pb–Zn (F–Ba) mineralization in the central Alborz zone. Except for small-scale geological maps of the area, i.e., 1:100,000 geological map of Pol-e-Sefid (Vahdati Daneshmand and Karimi, 2004) and Semnan (Nabavi, 1988), previous studies of Pb–Zn (F–Ba) mineralization at Sarcheleshk was limited and include Mohammadi Lisehroudi (2019). In this contribution, we provide the first detailed geological, mineralogical and geochemical studies in the Sarcheleshk deposit to reveal more details of the type and genetic model of ore formation. Materials and methods Detailed field work has been carried out at different scales in the Sarcheleshk area. A total of 60 samples were collected from various parts of orebodies, host carbonate and mafic igneous rocks. The samples prepared for thin (n=32) and polished-thin (n=12) sections in the laboratory of University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran. Representative 8 samples from the ore zone, 1 sample from barren dolomitic limestone and 3 samples from mafic igneous rocks, were analyzed for major, trace and rare earth elements using XRF and ICP–MS in the Zarazma Analytical Laboratories, Tehran, Iran. Discussion and conclusion The Sarcheleshk Pb–Zn (F–Ba) deposit is located 20 km southwest of Pol-e-Sefid, Mazandaran province. The most important rock units exposed in this area include early to middle Triassic dolomitic limestone (Elika Fm.), late Triassic gypsum, dolomitic limestone and marl (Paland Fm.), late Triassic mafic igneous rocks, late Triassic to early Jurassic shale, siltstone and sandstone (Shemshak Fm.), middle Jurassic ammonite-bearing marl, calcareous marl and marly limestone (Dalichay Fm.), late Jurassic cherty limestone and dolomitic limestone (Lar Fm.), and early Eocene Alveolina–Nummulitic limestone (Ziarat Fm.). Mineralization at Sarcheleshk occurs as strata-bound orebodies hosted by dolomitic limestone of Elika Formation, and controlled structurally by faults, fractures and dissolution collapse breccias. The ore veins have a varying width from 0.5 to 1.5 m. Detailed field geology and petrographic studies indicate that wall-rock alterations developed at the Sarcheleshk deposit include dolomitization, silicification, and calcitization. The ores at Sarcheleshk are dominated by galena, sphalerite, pyrite, fluorite, and barite, with lesser, chalcopyrite, and tetrahedrite, all of which are hosted by a dolomite, calcite, and quartz gangue assemblage. The ore minerals show vein-veinlets, open space filling, brecciated, rhythmic, disseminated, replacement, and relict textures. The mineralization process at Sarcheleshk can be divided into three stages. Stage 1 is diagenesis stage represented by rhythmic texture of fluorite, galena, sphalerite, and calcite bands. Stage 2 (epigenetic stage), volumetrically most important, is marked by fluorite-sphalerite-galena-pyrite-chalcopyrite, barite-pyrite and barite-calcite, and late stage calcite veins and veinlets. Stage 3 is the supergene mineral assemblages consisting of smithsonite, cerussite, chalcocite, covellite, azurite, and goethite. The ore samples and mafic igneous rocks show different Chondrite-normalized trace and REE patterns, indicating that they are genetically unconnected. It is declined syn-sedimentary and/or hydrothermal igneous origins for the Sarcheleshk deposit, and specify that basinal brines may have played a role in Pb–Zn (F–Ba) mineralization at Sarcheleshk deposit. Our data suggests that Sarcheleshk deposit is a F–Ba-rich MVT deposit and is comparable with other Pb–Zn (F–Ba) deposits of central Alborz zone.

Introduction Trace elements including As, Sb, Bi, Ga, Ge, In, Hg, Cd, Tl, Se and REEs have special applications in various industries due to their physical and chemical properties. Ore deposits of these metals have not occurred in the Earth's crust, and these elements are mainly hosted in sulfide minerals of Cu, Pb and Zn (Hall and Heyl, 1968; Song and Tan, 1996; Ye et al., 2011; George et al., 2015). Elika Formation (middle Triassic) in central Alborz is host of several carbonate rock-hosted fluorite deposits such as Kamarposht, Pachi-Miana, Shashroodbar and Era (Alirezaee, 1989; Rastad and Shariatmadar, 2001; Rajabi et al., 2013; Vahabzadeh et al., 2014; Zabihitabar and Shafiei, 2014; Mehraban et al. 2016; Nabiloo et al. 2017). Despite previous valuable studies in these deposits, the value of the presence of trace elements in the galena of these deposits has not yet been documented. Materials and methods For the current research study, sampling from 3 flourite mines including Kamarposht, Pachi-Miana and Era was carried out to collect 26 pure galena grains separated from various fluorite ore-types. The samples were analyzed for trace elements at the ICP-MS at Act Labs Ltd., Canada. Results The highest concentrations of trace elements in galena samples were obtained for Sb (with mean 692 ppm and maximum concentration of 2531 ppm) and Ag (with a mean of 24.28 ppm and a maximum concentration of 2531 ppm). The lowest values were obtained for Bi (mean 0.04 ppm), Se (average 1.89 ppm) and Ga (mean 0.9 ppm) and Tl (mean 0.3 ppm). Hg (0.06 – 10 ppm), Cd (1.14 – 23 ppm) and As (0.1 – 36 ppm) exhibited a wide range of concentrations. The comparison of the trace elements concentration in the studied galena samples with those of the MVT, SEDEX, Irish-type deposits shows that the concentrations of Sb, Tl, Hg, Se and Cu in the studied galena are close to the values for MVT deposits, whereas the studied galena samples are much poorer in Ag, Bi, Cd and As than those of the MVT deposits. There is meaningful relationship between concentrations of some trace elements such as Tl– Ag (r=0.82), Tl– Cu (r=0.71), Ag–Sb (r=0.66), Cu– Ag, Ag – As, Cu– As, Sb– Cu, Hg – Zn, As – Sb, Hg – Cd, Zn – Cu (0.3 < r < 0.6). Discussion Our data revealed that galena samples are relatively rich in Sb (up to 2581 ppm with an average ~ 620 ppm) and Ag (up to 70 ppm with an average ~ 30 ppm), whereas they are poor in other trace elements. Inter-element relationships in galena show strong correlation between Sb – Ag (r≥0.65) and moderate correlation between Ag – As, Ag –Cu as well as Hg –Zn (0.4

Purpose- This study aims to demonstrate the factors affecting the current development pattern of second homes, emphasizing on the role of spatial planning in the forest villages that are considered as the tourism destinations of Mazandaran province. Design/methodology/approach- This is a descriptive-analytical study carried out in nine villages of nine county of Mazandaran as tourism destinations. The statistical population consisted of 18 rural managers and 1980 rural households in the under-study villages. Findings- The ANOVA results showed that the institutional-political factor of social-cultural dimension, with the mean of 3.7133 had the highest effect on the current development pattern of second homes. Research limitations/implications- As the statistical population of the present study consisted of rural managers, it was difficult to have access to the managers since they were involved in agricultural works. Practical implications- Based on the current pattern of second home development, the distribution pattern of the spatial planning of second homes was designed. In order to sustain second home development, the negative points in each step of the input, activity, short-term, and long-term consequences should be reduced or eliminated. Originality/value- Since second home tourism is one of the different types of rural tourism that plays a main role in the development of rural areas, and considering the importance of second home tourism in the development of rural areas and their impact on the villagers' life, it is necessary to clarify the factors affecting second home development. Therefore, this study aims to improve the proper distribution of spatial planning in second homes by providing a spatial planning pattern for second home development.

Introduction Upper part of Elika Formation (middle Triassic) in the central Alborz as one of the most important fluorite districts in Iran is the host of some carbonate rock-hosted fluorite deposits such as Kamarposht, Pachi-Miana, Shashroodbar, Era (Alirezaee, 1989; Gorjizad, 1996; Rastad and Shariatmadar, 2001; Rajabi et al., 2013; Vahabzadeh et al., 2013; Zabihitabar and Shafiei, 2015). One of the main active fluorite mines in the central Alborz is Kamarposht which is located at the southeast of DoAb in the Mazandaran province. The Kamarposht mine has 75000 tons of ores and mining there has begun in 2005. The effects and evidences of underground mining in the northern and southern parts of this mine indicate high-grade and coarse-grained ore zones which have fluorite, galena and barite. Until now, basic economic geology studies in the Kamarposht mine including mineralogy, fabric and texture of mineralization for introducing a new fluorite mine in Iran have not been carried out. The present study is based on field observations and macroscopic as well as microscopic studies aimed at identification of morphology and mode of occurrence of the ore body, mineralogy and fabric of mineralization and discussion of as well as presentation of a new genetic model for the Kamarposht mine. Materials and methods For the present research study, field geology and sampling were carried out to collect 100 samples from various fluorite ore-types and carbonate host rocks. The samples prepared for thin section (n=55) and polished-thin sections (n=22). Results Field observations indicate that economic mineable ore zones of the Kamarposht mine are mainly hosted by dolomitic limestone and silicified carbonate horizons of the Elika Formation. The ore zones have fluorite, barite and galena which are mainly located in fractured and faulted zones as well as karstic cavities in the host horizons. Coarse grain and euhedral fluorites with various colors, significant presence of barite as massive and vein, abundant galena and near contact between mineralization zones in carbonate host rocks (Elika Fm.) and pyrite-bearing coalified shales (base of Shemshak Fm.?) as faulted and/or interbedded are all distinctive geological features for the Kamarposht mine. Fluorite mainly occurs as interrupted, dense and voluminous massive bodies with/without galena which have occupied cavities and open spaces between brecciated fragments of dolomitic limestone relative to the form of disseminate grains, veinlets and geode. Massive and voluminous accumulations of barite in dissolution and karstic cavities and also as discordant veins relative to the bedding of the host rock which have been generated radial, breccias and zebra structures in barite ores. Galena occurs as veinlets and breccias with medium to coarse grain size with/without fluorite in dolomitic and silicified host rocks and also as vein-veinlets into and/or rime of massive barites. Discussion Based on field evidences and mode occurrence of ore minerals and ore textures, mineralization in the Kamaposht mine has occurred as syn-diagenetic (primary) and post-diagenetic/epigenetic (main) fabrics. Ores with disseminate particles of ore minerals, stylolite, geode and tiny veinlets fabrics have been interpreted as primary textures that co-exist with diagenesis of host rocks. These fabrics have been formed under diagenetic processes such as nucleation, re-crystalization and disolution of host rocks by diagenetic phreatic reactions that have caused increasing temperature-pressure due to increasing depth of burial diagenesis (Force et al., 1991; Fontbote and Gorzawski 1990; Rastad and Shariatmadar, 2001; Haeri-Ardakani et al., 2013). The main textures of mineralization in the Kamarposht mine namely open-space filling fabrics including veins and breccias fabrics with replacement, network and zebra textures which are associated with dolomitized and silicified host rock have been caused by late and/or post-diagenetic processes (Fontbote and Gorzawski 1990; Sangster, 1996; Leach et al., 2005). Change and conversion of diagenetic mineralization fabrics to epigenetic ones which is associated with developing and increasing the intensity of fluorite-barite-galena mineralization, is attributed to the function of hydrothermal solutions/basianl brines generated due to the main Cimerian orogeny (Rajabi et al., 2013). The increasing dissolution of host rock along with its dolomitization and silicification were probably the main processes responsible for epigenetic mineralization in the Kamarposht mine. Finally, the present study shows that the Kamarposht mine is a fluorite-rich MVT deposit with poly-genetic origin. References Alirezaee, S., 1989. Contribution to stratigraphy and mode of generation of F-Pb-Ba deposits in Triassic of eastern Alborz. M.Sc. Thesis, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran, 87 pp. (in Persian with English abstract). Fontbote, L. and Gorzawski, H., 1990. Genesis of the Mississippi Valley-Type Zn-Pb Deposit of San Vicente, Central Peru: Geologic and Isotopic (Sr, O, C, S, Pb) Evidence. Economic Geology, 85(7): 1402-1437 Force, E.R., Eidel, J.J. and Maynard, J.B., 1991. Sedimentary and diagenetic mineral deposits: A basin analysis approach to exploration. Society of Economic Geologist Publication, Reviews in Economic Geology 5 , USA, 217 pp. Gorjizad, H., 1996. Study on geology, mineralogy, facies analysis and genesis of Pachi Miana fluorite deposit. M.Sc. Thesis, Tarbiat Modaress University, Tehran, Iran, 156 pp. (in Persian with English abstract) Haeri-Ardakani, O., Al-Asem, I., Coniglio,M. and Samson, I., 2013. Diagenetic evolution and associated mineralization in Middle Devonian carbonates, southwestern Ontario, Canada. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 61(1): 41–58. Leach, D., Sangster, D., Kelley, K., Large, R., Garven, G., Allen, C., Gutzmer, J. and Walters, S., 2005. Sediment- hosted lead-zinc deposits: a global perspective. In: J. Hedenquist, J. Thompson, R. Goldfarb, and J. Richards, (Editors), 100th Anniversary Volume of Economic Geology, Society of Economic Geologist Publication, USA, pp. 561-607. Rajabi, A., Rastad, E. and Canet, C., 2013. Metallogeny of Permian-Triassic carbonate-hosted Zn-Pb and F deposits of Iran: A review for future mineral exploration. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 60(2): 197-216. Rastad, E. and Shariatmadar, A., 2001. Sheshroodbar fluorite deposits, sedimentary and diagenetic fabrics and its depositional environment (Savad Kuh, Mazandaran province). Journal of Geosciences, 10(41-42): Sangster, D.F., 1996. Carbonate-hosted lead-zinc deposits. Society of Economic Geology, Special Publication No.4, 664 pp. Vahabzadeh, G., Khakzad, A., Rasa, I.¬ and Mosavi, M.R., 2014. Fluorite REEs geochemistry in fluorite deposits of central Alborz. New Finds of Applied Geology, 16(1): 58-70. (in Persian with English abstract) Zabihitabar, Sh. and Shafiei, B., 2015. Mineralogy and mode occurrence of sulfides, sulfates and carbonates at fluorite mines in East of Mazandaran province. Iranian Journal of Geology, 33(1): 62-78. (in Persian with English abstract)

Introduction: Several potyviruses infecting gramineous plants have been reported from Iran. Mosaic is the most widespread viral disease affecting sugarcane and maize production. Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the causal agents of mosaic disease, which was first described in Ohio in 1963. SCMV belonging to the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae, is a single-stranded positive sense RNA virus which can infect gramineous plants such as sugarcane, maize and sorghum. Like all potyviruses, SCMV has non-enveloped flexuous filamentous virions of 750 nm long and 11–13 nm wide, which encapsidate a single-stranded, positive-sense RNA molecule of approximately 10,000 nt long. SCMV subgroup in the genus Potyvirus consists of seven different species viz., SCMV, Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), Maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), Johnsongrass mosaic virus (JGMV); Sorghum mosaic virus (SrMV), Zea mosaic virus (ZeMV), Pennisetum mosaic virus (PenMV) and Cocksfoot streak virus (CSV). These viruses have been transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner, and cause mosaic disease and yield loss in sugarcane, maize, sorghum, and other gramineous plants. Among these viruses, only SCMV and SrMV are known to infect sugarcane under natural conditions and are considered as the causal agents of sugarcane mosaic disease. SCMV causes yield losses in many countries, and losses of maize production have been estimated at 30–80%, making it the most economically important problem in world maize production. The first report of SCMV in Iran was from Khuzestan province in 1993. There are also partial sequences, mostly from the 3'-UTR and coat protein regions, of some isolates of this virus in Iran. As Mazandaran province in North of Iran is one of the major producing areas of maize and sugarcane, identification of this virus is a concern. The purpose of this research was to study the existence of SCMV in research areas and determining of its phylogenetic relationship. Materials and Methods: From July to September 2013 and 2014, a total of 45 leaf samples of maize and sugarcane showing virus symptoms were collected from different maize and sugarcane fields in Mazandaran province. Total RNA was extracted from all samples. First-strand cDNA and PCR amplification were carried out with an SCMV-specific primer F4/R3 corresponding to the virus CP gene. Expected PCR products of 900 bp were purified from 1% agarose gels using Gel Recovery kit, then cloned into the pTG19-T vector and sequenced. Sequences were compared to data available in the GenBank. Phylogenetic tree for grouping based on nucleotide sequences was constructed by MEGA 6 software program using the neighbor-joining method. Multiple alignments of the nucleotide and amino acid sequences were carried out using the ClustalW and DNAMAN7 software. Results and Discussion: Amplification product (900 bp) was obtained from 35 infected samples, but not from healthy samples. The most typical symptoms in positive samples were mosaic, mosaic strips, and yellow chlorotic stripes. Four selected PCR positive samples were cloned into the pTG19-T vector and sequenced. BLASTn analysis of the sequenced data revealed that the PCR-amplified fragments belonged to CP gene of SCMV. Four selected isolates named Maz-SCR1 and Maz-SCR2 from sugarcane (Ghaemshahr), Maz-MR from maize (Ghaemshahr) and Maz-MB from maize (Babolsar). Phylogenetic tree based on multiple sequence alignment of CP gene divided all SCMV isolates into two groups: I and II. Members of each group were divided into two subgroups: A, B. Mazandaran isolates of SCMV were grouped with isolates of Khuzestan and Egypt in a subclade in subgroup IA. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Mazandaran isolates share 78 to 99 % nucleotide sequence identity and 79.5-100 % amino acid sequence identity with other isolates of SCMV. Also, the identity of these four isolates in the nucleotide and amino acid levels ranged between 97 to 98.9 % and 99.3 to 100 %, with each other, respectively. Isolate of Mazandaran showed the highest nucleotide sequence identity with khzL66 and khzQ86 isolates from Khuzestan (between 96.6 to 98.8 %) and EGY7-1 isolate from Egypt (between 96.7 to 99 %) and the lowest nucleotide sequence identity with BD8 isolate from China (between 78 to 78.8 %). The previously identified and conserved amino acid sequence motifs described in CP of potyviruses were present in Mazandaran isolates CP gene. Conclusion: SCMV is a widespread cereal potyvirus in the world and often occurs in a mixed infection with SrMV. In this study, for the first time, we reported the occurrence of SCMV in maize and sugarcane fields in Mazandaran province based on CP gene analyses and determined its phylogenetic relationship with other SCMV isolates available in the GenBank. Iranian isolates of SCMV were grouped with the isolate of Egypt in a subclade in subgroup IA. It is speculated that the Iranian isolates have been introduced into this country with sugarcane cuttings. The data obtained in this study will be beneficial to improve control strategies for this virus in Iran. Identification and the use of more isolates and analysis of genes in addition to CP are recommended for a better understanding of the genetic structure and variation of SCMV populations on a large geographical scale.

Species of Anurophorus Nicolet, 1842 (Collembola: Isotomidae) mostly occur in forest habitats. They are usually dark in colors and characterised by absence of furca. During 2018, a survey was conducted for Collembola in Mazandaran province (Northern Iran). Some Isotomdiae specimens were extracted from soil, moss and decaying wood samples using Berlese funnel. Among the collected samples from family Isotomidae some specimens of Anurophorus silvaticus Potapov & Stebaeva, 1990 were also identified. The species is reported for the first time from Iran. We provide the description, including photos of A. silvaticus based on the Iranian material.

Introduction The Central Alborz in eastern Mazandaran province is host to the most important carbonate-hosted fluorite deposits in Iran, such as Pachi-Miana, Sheshroodbar, Era and Kamarposht. In these deposits, mineralization occurs in the upper parts of the middle Triassic Elika formation (Vahabzadeh et al., 2009 and references therein). These deposits have long been studied, and various models are presented for ore genesis. Nevertheless, ore genesis in these deposits is still unclear. The present study of the geochemistry of the REEs of these deposits is intended to improve genetic models. Materials and methods Three hundred samples were taken from above mentioned deposits. Samples were categorized into 5 groups: (1) fluorite ore types, (2) ore-stage calcite, (3) carbonate host rocks, (4) basaltic rock around the deposits, and (5) shale of the Shemshak formation. Fourteen pure fluorite samples, 4 samples of pure calcite, 4 samples of carbonate host rock, 1 sample of basalt and 1 sample of shale were analyzed for REEs by ICP-MS at West Lab in Australia. Results Analytical data on fluorite from the Elika deposits show very low REE concentrations (0.5-18ppm), in calcite(0.5-3ppm) in carbonate host rocks – limestone (1.8-7ppm), and in dolomitic limestone 6.5ppm, compared with upper Triassic basalt (43ppm) and shale (261ppm). REE in fluorite of these deposits are strongly enriched (10 3 to 10 6 times) relative to normal sea water, ore stage calcite and carbonate host rocks, especially for mid-REEs (Eu, Gd) and heavy REEs (Lu, Yb, La/Yb=~0.05). Also, LREEs depletion (La/Sm= 2-10) and HREEs (La/Yb=0.01-0.08) relatively enrichment of fluorites compared with limestone (La/Sm=2.5-4, La/Yb=0.1-1.5) and dolomitic limestone (La/Sm=4.28, La/Yb=0.07-0.4) host rocks as well as positive Eu anomaly are the most important REEs signatures in fluorites. Fluorite elsewhere in the world with low total REE conten thas been interpreted to have a sedimentary origin (Ronchi et al., 1993; Hill et al., 2000; Sasmaz et al., 2005). Strong enrichment of REEs in fluorite and carbonate host rocks worldwide, relative to normal sea water indicates that diagenetic and/or hydrothermal processes have contributed to the process. Depletion of LREEs and moderately strong HREE enrichment in fluorite relative to carbonate host rocks is interpreted to be post-sedimentation (Ronchi et al., 1993;Hill et al., 2000). Thisis supported by the hydrothermal character of the fluorite in the Elika deposits and similarity between REE profiles and those of fluorine-rich MVT deposits with hydrothermal origin (Chesley et al.,1994; Bau et al., 2003). Positive Eu anomalies in fluorite elsewhere suggest deposition reduced conditions and temperatures~250°C (Bau et al., 2003; Sverjensky, 1989). The present study indicates that low total REEcontents in fluorite precipitated from reduced hydrothermal solutions could be caused by (1) increasing pH of the ore-forming solution during interaction with carbonate host-rock, (2) gradually decreasing F concentration in hydrothermal solutions due to different generations of fluorite mineralization, and (3) low REE contents of carbonate hostrocks. References Bau, M., Romer, R.L., Luders, V. and Dulski, P., 2003. Tracing element sources of hydrothermal mineral deposits: REE and Y distribution and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes in fluorite from MVT deposits in the Pennine Orefield, England. Mineralium Deposita, 38(8): 992–1008. Chesley, J.T., Halliday, A.N., Kyser, T.K. and Spry, P.G., 1994. Direct Dating of MississipValley-type mineralization: Use of Sm-Nd in fluorite. Economic Geology, 89(9):1192-1199. Hill, G.T., Campbell, A.R., and Kyle, P.R., 2000. Geochemistry of southwestern New Mexico fluorite occurrences: implications for precious metals exploration in fluorite-bearing systems. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 68(1): 1–20. Ronchi, L.H., Touray, J.C., Michard, A.¬ and Dardenne, M.A., 1993. The Riberia fluorite district, Southern Brazil. Geological and geochemical (REE, Sm–Nd isotopes) characteristics. Mineralium Deposita, 28(1): 40–52. Sasmaz, A., Yavuz, F., Sagiroglu, A.¬ and Akgul, B., 2005. Geochemical patterns of the Akdagmadeni (Yozgat, Central Turkey) fluorite deposits and implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 24 (3): 469–479. Sverjensky, D.A., 1989. The diverse origins of Mississippi Valley-type Zn–Pb–Ba–F deposits. Chronicle of mineral research and exploration, 495(1): 5 – 13. Vahabzadeh, G., Khakzad, A., Rasa, I.¬ and Mosavi, M.R., 2009. Study on S isotopes in galena and barite of Savad Kuh fluorite deposits. Journal of Basic Science, Islamic Azad University, 69(18): 99-108 (in Persian).

Six species of rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), belonging to the genus Philonthus Stephens 1829, are reported for the first time from Iran. They include Philonthus juvenilis Peyron, 1858, Philonthus micans (Gravenhorst, 1802), Philonthus spinipes Sharp, 1874, Philonthus longicornis Stephens 1832, Philonthus viridipennis Fauvel 1875, and Philonthus wuesthoffi Bernhauer 1939. All specimens were collected from Mazandaran province, north of Iran during 2012-2014. An updated checklist of this genus, including 43 species, has been provided.