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Additional file 3. Table S3: DALYs due to lower respiratory infections in 1990 and 2019 for both sexes and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region. DALY= disability-adjusted-life-years. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-resultstool ).

Additional file 5: Supplementary table 2.

Additional file 3: Supplementary fig 3.

Additional file 7: Supplementary table 4.

Additional file 1: Supplementary fig 1.

Additional file 1. Table S1: Incidence of lower respiratory infections in 1990 and 2019 for both sexes and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 6: Supplementary table 3.

Additional file 2. Table S2: Deaths of lower respiratory infections in 1990 and 2019 for both sexes and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 6. Figure S3: The percentage change in the age-standardised DALYs of lower respiratory infections in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country. DALY= disability-adjusted-life-years. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 2: Supplementary fig 2.

Additional file 4. Figure S1: The percentage change in the age-standardised incidence of lower respiratory infections in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 5. Figure S2: The percentage change in the age-standardised death of lower respiratory infections in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 4: Supplementary table 1.

Additional file 3: Fig. S3. Trends in age-standardised DALY rates per 100,000 from 1990 to 2019 in the North Africa and the Middle East region. DALY = disability-adjusted-life-year (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 4: Fig. S4. Percentage of DALYs due to female breast cancer attributable to risk factors for the Middle East and North Africa countries, by age, in 2019. DALY = disability-adjusted-life-year (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 5: Figure S1. The percentage change in the age-standardised point prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 4: Table S4. DALYs due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 1990 and 2019 for both sexes and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 in the Middle East and North Africa region (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Trends in age-standardised incidence rates per 100,000 from 1990 to 2019 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 5: Table S1. The completed checklist of the Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting.

Additional file 9: Table S5. DALYs due to female breast cancer in 1990 and 2019 and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 7: Figure S3. The percentage change in the age-standardised DALYs of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country. DALY = disability-adjusted-life-years (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 6: Table S2. Sequelae for female breast cancer and their corresponding disability weights in the GBD 2019 Study.

Additional file 8: Table S4. Deaths of female breast cancer in 1990 and 2019 and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 8: Figure S4. Percentage of DALYs due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to risk factors for the Middle East and North Africa countries, by sex, in 2019. DALY = disability-adjusted-life-years (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Search strategies for PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google scholar. Supplementary Table 2. Comorbid conditions of individuals who participated in the studies included in the meta-analysis. Supplementary Table 3. Risk of bias assessment for the included cohort studies. Supplementary Table4. Risk of bias assessments for the included case-control studies.

Additional file 6: Figure S2. The percentage change in the age-standardised death of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the Middle East and North Africa region from 1990 to 2019, by sex and country (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 7: Table S3. Incidence of female breast cancer in 1990 and 2019 and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 in the North Africa and the Middle East region (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 3: Table S3. Deaths of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 1990 and 2019 for both sexes and percentage change in age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000 in the Middle East and North Africa region (generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 1: Table S1. Health states for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and the associated disability weights from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study.

Additional file 20: Figure S15. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to malaria for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 2: Table S2. Prevalent cases of anemia in 2019 and the percentage change in the age-standardized rates (ASRs) from 1990 to 2019, by severity and location (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 12: Figure S7. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to chronic kidney disease for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 9: Figure S6. Age-standardised prevalence rates of Guillain���Barre syndrome for 204 countries and territories, by Socio-demographic Index (SDI), in 2019; Expected values based on the Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Each point shows the observed age-standardised YLD rate for each country in 2019. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 23: Figure S18. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to ���other unspecified infectious diseases��� for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 10: Figure S7. Age-standardised prevalence rates of Guillain���Barre syndrome, by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles, from 1990 to 2019; (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 9: Table S5. Years lived with disability (YLDs) due to anemia in 1990 and 2019 and the percentage change in the age-standardized rates (ASRs) per 100,000, by location (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 24: Figure S19. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to schistosomiasis for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 18: Figure S13. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to inflammatory bowel disease for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 6: Figure S3. The percentage change in the age-standardised point prevalence of Guillain���Barre syndrome from 1990 to 2019 for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions, by sex. The error bars represent 95% uncertainty intervals for the percentage change in age-standardised prevalence per 100,000 population between 1990 and 2019. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 6: Figure S3. The percentage change in the age-standardized point prevalence of anemia from 1990 to 2019 for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions, by sex. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 1: Table S1. Definitions of mild, moderate, and severe anemia, based on blood hemoglobin concentration.

Additional file 4: Figure S1. The age-standardized point prevalence of anemia in 2019 for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions, by sex. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 4: Figure S1. The age-standardised point prevalence of Guillain���Barre syndrome in 2019 for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions, by sex. The error bars represent 95% uncertainty intervals for the age-standardised prevalence per 100,000 population. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 26: Figure S21. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to vitamin A deficiency for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 3: Table S3. Years lived with disability (YLDs) due to anemia in 2019 and the percentage change in the age-standardized rates (ASRs) from 1990 to 2019, by severity and location (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 17: Figure S12. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to HIV/AIDS for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability, HIV= human immunodeficiency virus, AIDS: acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 25: Figure S20. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to upper digestive system diseases for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 11: Figure S8. Age-standardised years lived with disability (YLDs) rates of Guillain���Barre syndrome, by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles, from 1990 to 2019; (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 14: Figure S9. Age-standardized YLD rates of anemia attributable to endocrine, metabolic, blood, and immune disorders for the 21 Global Burden of Disease regions by Socio-demographic Index, 1990���2019; Expected values based on Socio-demographic Index and disease rates in all locations are shown as the black line. Thirty points are plotted for each GBD region and show the observed age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 for that region. YLD = years lived with disability. (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).

Additional file 2: Table S2. Total number of Guillain���Barre syndrome cases in 1990 and 2019 and the percentage change in the age-standardised rates (ASRs) per 100,000, by location (Generated from data available from http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-results-tool ).