1. Challenges for Sustained Observing and Forecasting Systems in the Mediterranean Sea
- Author
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Emma Heslop, Javier Ruiz, François Galgani, Pablo Lorente, Ferial Louanchi, Pierre Testor, Susana Pérez Rubio, Romain Escudier, Alejandro Orfila, Roberto Bozzano, Georg Umgiesser, George Petihakis, Marc Torner, Sara Pensieri, Patrick Raimbault, George Zodiatis, Mélanie Juza, Patrick Farcy, Baris Salihoglu, David March, Simona Simoncelli, Daniel J. Hayes, Simón Ruiz, Paolo Lazzari, Giorgia Verri, Francesco Trotta, Loic Petit De La Villeon, Emanuela Clementi, Benjamín Casas, Joaquín Tintoré, D. Obaton, Constantin Frangoulis, Marco Bajo, Miguel Charcos-Llorens, Gianandrea Mannarini, Antonio Sánchez-Román, Vlado Malačič, Patricia Reglero, Edgar G. Pavia, Elena Mauri, Juan Gabriel Fernández, Rosalia Santoleri, Paz Rotllan, Svitlana Liubartseva, Toste Tanhua, Sylvie Pouliquen, Laurent Coppola, Gianpiero Cossarini, Leonidas Perivoliotis, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, Cristian Munoz-Mas, Diego Álvarez-Berastegui, Laurent Mortier, Antonio Novellino, Isaac Gertman, Luis F. Ruiz-Orejón, Slim Gana, Jacopo Chiggiato, Gerasimos Korres, Aldo Drago, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Inmaculada Ruiz, Eva Aguiar, Marcos García Sotillo, Katrin Schroeder, Gianmaria Sannino, Anna Teruzzi, Jesús García Lafuente, Baptiste Mourre, Ivica Vilibić, Karina von Schuckmann, Lorinc Meszaros, Emma Reyes, Marco Zavatarelli, Lluís Gómez-Pujol, Simone Sammartino, George Kallos, Jaime Hernandez-Lasheras, Vanessa Cardin, Enrique Álvarez-Fanjul, Rosa Balbin, Karim Hilmi, Massimiliano Drudi, Devrim Tezcan, Alan Deidun, Pierre Garreau, Sarantis Sofianos, Alessandro Grandi, Barak Herut, Cristina Fossi, Stefano Salon, Ghada El Serafy, J. Pistoia, Begoña Pérez Gómez, Giovanni Coppini, Salvatore Marullo, Rafael Sardá, Mustafa Yücel, Fabrizio D'Ortenzio, Laura Prieto, Salud Deudero, Agustín Sánchez Arcilla, Rita Lecci, Georgios Sylaios, Ivan Federico, Ananda Pascual, Christian Ferrarin, Nadia Pinardi, Tintore, J., Pinardi, N., Alvarez-Fanjul, E., Aguiar, E., Alvarez-Berastegui, D., Bajo, M., Balbin, R., Bozzano, R., Nardelli, B. B., Cardin, V., Casas, B., Charcos-Llorens, M., Chiggiato, J., Clementi, E., Coppini, G., Coppola, L., Cossarini, G., Deidun, A., Deudero, S., D'Ortenzio, F., Drago, A., Drudi, M., El Serafy, G., Escudier, R., Farcy, P., Federico, I., Fernandez, J. G., Ferrarin, C., Fossi, C., Frangoulis, C., Galgani, F., Gana, S., Garcia Lafuente, J., Sotillo, M. G., Garreau, P., Gertman, I., Gomez-Pujol, L., Grandi, A., Hayes, D., Hernandez-Lasheras, J., Herut, B., Heslop, E., Hilmi, K., Juza, M., Kallos, G., Korres, G., Lecci, R., Lazzari, P., Lorente, P., Liubartseva, S., Louanchi, F., Malacic, V., Mannarini, G., March, D., Marullo, S., Mauri, E., Meszaros, L., Mourre, B., Mortier, L., Munoz-Mas, C., Novellino, A., Obaton, D., Orfila, A., Pascual, A., Pensieri, S., Perez Gomez, B., Perez Rubio, S., Perivoliotis, L., Petihakis, G., de la Villeon, L. P., Pistoia, J., Poulain, P. -M., Pouliquen, S., Prieto, L., Raimbault, P., Reglero, P., Reyes, E., Rotllan, P., Ruiz, S., Ruiz, J., Ruiz, I., Ruiz-Orejon, L. F., Salihoglu, B., Salon, S., Sammartino, S., Sanchez Arcilla, A., Sanchez-Roman, A., Sannino, G., Santoleri, R., Sarda, R., Schroeder, K., Simoncelli, S., Sofianos, S., Sylaios, G., Tanhua, T., Teruzzi, A., Testor, P., Tezcan, D., Torner, M., Trotta, F., Umgiesser, G., von Schuckmann, K., Verri, G., Vilibic, I., Yucel, M., Zavatarelli, M., Zodiatis, G., Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats (IMEDEA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Universidad de las Islas Baleares (UIB), University of Bologna/Università di Bologna, SOCIB Balearic Islands Coastal Ocean Observing and Forecasting System, Istituto di Scienze Marine [Bologna] (ISMAR), Istituto di Science Marine (ISMAR ), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Laboratoire d'océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de la Mer de Villefranche (IMEV), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Cyprus Oceanography Center, University of Cyprus [Nicosia] (UCY), Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Oceanogràfic de les Balears [Palma, Spain] (COB), Instituto Espagňol de Oceanografia (IEO), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (GEOMAR), University of Bologna, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer - Brest (IFREMER Centre de Bretagne), University of Cyprus (UCY), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. LIM/UPC - Laboratori d'Enginyeria Marítima, Tintore J., Pinardi N., Alvarez-Fanjul E., Aguiar E., Alvarez-Berastegui D., Bajo M., Balbin R., Bozzano R., Nardelli B.B., Cardin V., Casas B., Charcos-Llorens M., Chiggiato J., Clementi E., Coppini G., Coppola L., Cossarini G., Deidun A., Deudero S., D'Ortenzio F., Drago A., Drudi M., El Serafy G., Escudier R., Farcy P., Federico I., Fernandez J.G., Ferrarin C., Fossi C., Frangoulis C., Galgani F., Gana S., Garcia Lafuente J., Sotillo M.G., Garreau P., Gertman I., Gomez-Pujol L., Grandi A., Hayes D., Hernandez-Lasheras J., Herut B., Heslop E., Hilmi K., Juza M., Kallos G., Korres G., Lecci R., Lazzari P., Lorente P., Liubartseva S., Louanchi F., Malacic V., Mannarini G., March D., Marullo S., Mauri E., Meszaros L., Mourre B., Mortier L., Munoz-Mas C., Novellino A., Obaton D., Orfila A., Pascual A., Pensieri S., Perez Gomez B., Perez Rubio S., Perivoliotis L., Petihakis G., de la Villeon L.P., Pistoia J., Poulain P.-M., Pouliquen S., Prieto L., Raimbault P., Reglero P., Reyes E., Rotllan P., Ruiz S., Ruiz J., Ruiz I., Ruiz-Orejon L.F., Salihoglu B., Salon S., Sammartino S., Sanchez Arcilla A., Sanchez-Roman A., Sannino G., Santoleri R., Sarda R., Schroeder K., Simoncelli S., Sofianos S., Sylaios G., Tanhua T., Teruzzi A., Testor P., Tezcan D., Torner M., Trotta F., Umgiesser G., von Schuckmann K., Verri G., Vilibic I., Yucel M., Zavatarelli M., and Zodiatis G.
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Science with and for society ,Service (systems architecture) ,lcsh:QH1-199.5 ,Nature observation ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Climate ,SDG's ,Oceanography ,01 natural sciences ,Operations research -- Case studies ,sustained observations ,11. Sustainability ,observing and forecasting system ,Observing and forecasting systems ,lcsh:Science ,Water Science and Technology ,Global and Planetary Change ,Enginyeria agroalimentària::Ciències de la terra i de la vida::Climatologia i meteorologia [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,SDG' ,observing and forecasting systems ,ocean variability ,FAIR data ,climate ,operational services ,science with and for society ,Prediction theory ,Climatology -- Data processing ,Environmental resource management ,Seawater -- Mediterranean Region ,operational service ,Operational services ,Variety (cybernetics) ,Mediterranean Sea--Climate ,Ocean variability ,Quantitative research -- Evaluation ,Mediterrània, Mar -- Aspectes ambientals ,Ocean observations ,SDG’s ,Best practice ,Climate change ,Ocean Engineering ,lcsh:General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution ,Aquatic Science ,Sustained observations ,12. Responsible consumption ,14. Life underwater ,[SDU.STU.OC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Oceanography ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Downstream (petroleum industry) ,Sustainable development ,Ensemble forecasting ,business.industry ,010604 marine biology & hydrobiology ,Enginyeria civil::Enginyeria hidràulica, marítima i sanitària::Ports i costes [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC] ,13. Climate action ,lcsh:Q ,observing and forecasting systems, sustained observations, ocean variability, FAIR data, climate, operational services, science with and for society, SDG’s ,Business - Abstract
Este artículo contiene 30 páginas, 14 figuras., The Mediterranean community represented in this paper is the result of more than 30 years of EU and nationally funded coordination, which has led to key contributions in science concepts and operational initiatives. Together with the establishment of operational services, the community has coordinated with universities, research centers, research infrastructures and private companies to implement advanced multi-platform and integrated observing and forecasting systems that facilitate the advancement of operational services, scientific achievements and mission-oriented innovation. Thus, the community can respond to societal challenges and stakeholders needs, developing a variety of fit-for-purpose services such as the Copernicus Marine Service. The combination of state-of-the-art observations and forecasting provides new opportunities for downstreamservices in response to the needs of the heavily populatedMediterranean coastal areas and to climate change. The challenge over the next decade is to sustain ocean observations within the research community, to monitor the variability at small scales, e.g., the mesoscale/submesoscale, to resolve the sub-basin/seasonal and inter-annual variability in the circulation, and thus establish the decadal variability, understand and correct the model-associated biases and to enhance model-data integration and ensemble forecasting for uncertainty estimation. Better knowledge and understanding of the level ofMediterranean variability will enable a subsequent evaluation of the impacts and mitigation of the effect of human activities and climate change on the biodiversity and the ecosystem, which will support environmental assessments and decisions. Further challenges include extending the science-based added-value products into societal relevant downstream services and engaging with communities to build initiatives that will contribute to the 2030 Agenda and more specifically to SDG14 and the UN’s Decade of Ocean Science for sustainable development, by this contributing to bridge the science-policy gap. The Mediterranean observing and forecasting capacity was built on the basis of community best practices in monitoring and modeling, and can serve as a basis for the development of an integrated global ocean observing system.
- Published
- 2019
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