1. Clinical and Genetic Correlates of Bipolar Disorder With Childhood-Onset Attention Deficit Disorder
- Author
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Nicolas A. Nunez, Brandon J. Coombes, Francisco Romo-Nava, David J. Bond, Jennifer Vande Voort, Paul E. Croarkin, Nicole Leibman, Manuel Gardea Resendez, Marin Veldic, Hannah Betcher, Balwinder Singh, Colin Colby, Alfredo Cuellar-Barboza, Miguel Prieto, Katherine M. Moore, Aysegul Ozerdem, Susan L. McElroy, Mark A. Frye, and Joanna M. Biernacka
- Subjects
ADHD ,bipolar disorder ,polygenic risk score ,genetic ,clinical features ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Background:Bipolar disorder (BD) with co-occurring attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with an unfavorable course of illness. We aimed to identify potential clinical and genetic correlates of BD with and without ADHD.MethodsAmong patients with BD (N = 2,198) enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Biobank we identified those with ADHD diagnosed in childhood (BD+cADHD; N = 350), those with adult-onset attention deficit symptoms (BD+aAD; N = 254), and those without ADHD (N = 1,594). We compared the groups using linear or logistic regression adjusting for age, sex, and recruitment site. For genotyped patients (N = 1,443), logistic regression was used to compare ADHD and BD polygenic risk scores (PRSs) between the BD groups, as well as to non-BD controls (N = 777).ResultsCompared to the non-ADHD BD group, BD+cADHD patients were younger, more often men and had a greater number of co-occurring anxiety and substance use disorders (all p < 0.001). Additionally, BD+cADHD patients had poorer responses to lithium and lamotrigine (p = 0.005 and p = 0.007, respectively). In PRS analyses, all BD patient subsets had greater genetic risk for BD and ADHD when compared to non-BD controls (p < 0.001 in all comparisons). BD+cADHD patients had a higher ADHD-PRS than non-ADHD BD patients (p = 0.012). However, BD+aAD patients showed no evidence of higher ADHD-PRS than non-ADHD BD patients (p = 0.38).ConclusionsBD+cADHD was associated with a greater number of comorbidities and reduced response to mood stabilizing treatments. The higher ADHD PRS for the BD+cADHD group may reflect a greater influence of genetic factors on early presentation of ADHD symptoms.
- Published
- 2022
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