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BackgroundThe objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical application effects of transnasal high flow nasal cannula compared to other conventional modalities for oxygen therapy devices in patients undergoing bronchoscopy.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted in multiple English databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, to collect relevant studies on the application of high flow nasal cannula in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, and conducted a meta-analysis utilizing RevMan 5.4 software, following the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria.ResultsA total of 12 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included, involving 1,631 patients (HFNC group: n = 811, other oxygen therapy group: n = 820). The meta-analysis results demonstrated that HFNC significantly reduced the incidence of hypoxemia and improved the minimum oxygen saturation compared to conventional oxygen therapy (RR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.18–0.41, p

PurposeThis study aimed to systematically evaluate the clinical effects of using transnasal high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and conventional oxygen therapy (COT) in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted from 2004 to April 2024 to collect relevant studies on the application of HFNC in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Multiple Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Data, Web of Science, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, were searched systematically for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias in the included studies. RevMan 5.4 software was utilized for conducting the network meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 12 RCTs involving 3,726 patients were included. Meta-analysis results showed that HFNC reduced the incidence of hypoxemia and improved the minimum oxygen saturation (SpO2) compared with COT [odds ratio (OR) = 0.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.29–0.53], [mean difference (MD) = 4.07, 95% CI: 3.14–5.01], and the difference was statistically significant. However, the baseline SpO2 levels and incidence of hypercapnia were not statistically significantly different between the HFNC and COT groups [MD = −0.21, 95% CI: −0.49–0.07]; [OR = 1.43, 95% CI: 0.95–2.15]. In terms of procedure time, the difference between HFNC and COT was not statistically significant, and subgroup analyses were performed for the different types of studies, with standard deviation in the gastroscopy group (MD = 0.09, 95% CI: −0.07–0.24) and the endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography group (MD = 0.36, 95% CI: −0.50–1.23). The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the adoption of airway interventions in the HFNC group compared to the COT group (OR = 0.16, 95% CI: 0.05–0.53), with a statistically significant difference; this result was consistent with those of the included studies.ConclusionThe application of HFNC improves the incidence of hypoxemia, enhances oxygenation, and reduces airway interventions during gastrointestinal endoscopy. However, HFNC does not significantly affect baseline SpO2, hypercapnia, or procedure time. The limitations of this study must be acknowledged, and further high-quality studies should be conducted to validate these findings.

Avian influenza viruses (AIV) pose a significant persistent threat to the public health and safety. It is estimated that there have been over 100 outbreaks caused by various H7 subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIV-H7) worldwide, resulting in over 33 million deaths of poultry. In this study, we developed a recombinase-aided amplification combined with a lateral flow dipstick assay for the detection of hemagglutinin (HA) genes to provide technical support for rapid clinical detection of AIV-H7. The results showed that the assay can complete the reaction within 30 min at a temperature of 39°C. Specificity tests demonstrated that there was no cross-reactivity with other common poultry pathogens, including Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and infections bronchitis virus (IBV). The detection limit of this assay was 1 × 101 copies/μL, while RT-qPCR method was 1 × 101 copies/μL, and RT-PCR was 1 × 102 copies/μL. The κ value of the RT-RAA-LFD and RT-PCR assay in 132 avian clinical samples was 0.9169 (p

ObjectivesWe aimed to identify the factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and to assess the associations of the initial empirical antibiotic therapy (IEAT) duration and antibiotic therapy duration/hospital stay ratio (A/H ratio) before NEC with subsequent NEC in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks without proven sepsis.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted at the NICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical University of Anhui province from June 2015 to May 2022, and 567 VLBW infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks were included in the study. We divided the VLBW infants into those with and without NEC according to modified Bell’s criteria. We then used descriptive statistics to identify the factors associated with NEC and multivariate analyses to evaluate the associations of IEAT duration and A/H ratio with the occurrence of NEC.ResultsOf the 567 VLBW neonates admitted to our center, 547 survived and reached the normal discharge criteria. Fifty-one infants (8.99%) were diagnosed as showing NEC. Infants with NEC had a longer total parenteral nutrition time, total enteral nutrition time, and IEAT duration, as well as a higher A/H ratio than those without NEC. In multivariate analyses adjusted for the other factors, IEAT duration was associated with an increased odds of NEC [odds ratio (OR) = 1.267; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.128–1.423], and the A/H ratio was also associated with increased odds of NEC (OR = 8.718; 95% CI, 2.450–31.030). For the A/H ratio, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.767 and the ideal cutoff was 0.357, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.843 and 0.645, respectively.ConclusionProlonged antibiotic therapy may increase the risk of NEC in VLBW infants with a gestational age of fewer than 32 weeks and should be used with caution.