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Much is discussed if obesity or diet components modify the "healthy" microbiota or if microbiota modifications trigger events that culminate in obesity. One of the first studies linking obesity and microbiota was conducted by Ley et al. ([7]), showing that obesity is associated with a specific microbiota profile. Considering the relatively well-established relationship between microbiota and obesity in preclinical studies, additional efforts are necessary for the development of clinical interventions that support the microbiota manipulation as a realistic alternative to combat obesity. 35 Cani, PD, Bibiloni, R, Knauf, C, Waget, A, Neyrinck, AM, Delzenne, NM, Changes in gut microbiota control metabolic endotoxemia-induced inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obesity and diabetes in mice. [Extracted from the article]

The article reflects on the role of intestinal microbiota. Topics discussed include life-long cumulative exposures to environmental contaminants and biological hazards; Alzheimer’s disease (AD) related brain injury; and post-mortem beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Also being discussed is the early life intestinal microbiome.