1. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps and Macrophage Extracellular Traps Predict Postoperative Recurrence in Resectable Nonfunctional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
- Author
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Shuai-Shuai Xu, Hao Li, Tian-Jiao Li, Shuo Li, Huan-Yu Xia, Jiang Long, Chun-Tao Wu, Wen-Quan Wang, Wu-Hu Zhang, He-Li Gao, Xuan Han, Long-Yun Ye, Xuan Lin, Hua-Xiang Xu, Xian-Jun Yu, and Liang Liu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Extracellular Traps ,Immunology ,Kaplan-Meier Estimate ,Neuroendocrine tumors ,Immunofluorescence ,nomogram ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,neutrophils ,medicine ,Humans ,Macrophage ,Immunology and Allergy ,Clinical significance ,Retrospective Studies ,Original Research ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Neutrophil extracellular traps ,Middle Aged ,Nomogram ,RC581-607 ,medicine.disease ,nonfunctional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor ,macrophages ,Pancreatic Neoplasms ,Neuroendocrine Tumors ,Nomograms ,030104 developmental biology ,Neutrophil Infiltration ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,prognosis ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,business ,extracellular traps - Abstract
BackgroundExtracellular traps (ETs) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells can contribute to disease progression. The clinical significance of tumor-infiltrating neutrophils and macrophages and related extracellular traps in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of tumor infiltration and ET formation by neutrophils and macrophages in pNETs.MethodsA total of 135 patients with radical resection of nonfunctional pNETs were analyzed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence were utilized to stain tumor tissue sections. The recurrence-free survival (RFS) of subgroups determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis was compared with the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify independent prognostic factors. A nomogram was established to predict 3-year RFS.ResultsPatients with high tumor-infiltrating neutrophils or macrophages or positive expression of neutrophils ETs or macrophage ETs displayed worse RFS (all pConclusionsInfiltration and ETs by neutrophils and macrophages can be used as biological indicators of patient prognosis, suggesting the treatment potential for targeting those in nonfunctional pNETs.
- Published
- 2021
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