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Introduction: Madelung's disease is a rare condition characterised by the symmetric growth of fatty tumours (lipomas) around the neck, shoulders, upper arms and trunk. Case report: We present a description of a male patient with extensive adipose tissue overgrowth around the neck. Once the possibility of malignancy was excluded, the patient's history and clinical and radiological findings led to the diagnosis of Madelung's disease. A two-stage surgery was planned and the patient underwent lipectomy of the lipomas around the neck. Conclusions: This article analyses the clinical data with Madelung's disease; discusses its aetiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment methods; and provides help with clinical diagnosis and treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]