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Shigella, a member of enterobacteriaceae, is endemic over the world and causes infections with high mortality rates especially in developing countries. Disease is more common among children under 5 years old and is an important cause of children death in world. World health organisation (WHO) consider the researches of a protective vaccine developement for shigellosis as a priority. Protective vaccines for Shigella infections are focused on conjugate vaccines based on bacterial O polysaccharide linked to a carrier protein administered by parenteral, oral or intranasal; live attenued vaccines conferring protection without causing disease; live oral vaccines obtained by genetic process following the discover of genes involved in pathogenesis; hybrid live vector Shigella vaccines; wide spectrum vaccines and invazin-complex vaccines. Last years, since virulance factors and pathogenesis of Shigella are discovered, promising vaccines for future are developed. In this review, vaccine developement strategies for obtaining protective and safe vaccines from past to now are investigated.