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WOS: 000429850300007, Aim: In the present study, the relationship between neonatal morbidity and cord vitamin D levels is investigated. Materials and Methods: Premature infants who were born before 32 weeks of gestation and admitted to our neonatal intensive care unit between January 2014 and January 2015 were included in the study. Vitamin D levels in the cord blood of infants were measured. Serum calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase levels were recorded in the first 24 hours. All neonates were followed up for neonatal morbidities until discharge. Results: The mean gestational age of the study subjects was 29.2 +/- 2.6 (23-32). The mean vitamin D level was 27.4 +/- 19.3 ng/mL (4-76). Fourteen (46.7%) infants had normal vitamin D levels; 2 infants (6.7%) had vitamin D insufficiency (20-30 ng/mL), 14 infants (46.7%) had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL), and 7 infants had severe vitamin D deficiency (23.3%). In 60% of infants with intrauterine growth restriction had vitamin D deficiency of p< 0.05. Serum phosphorus levels on the first day of life were significantly lower in infants with vitamin D deficiency (p< 0.001). Conclusion: In more than half of the study population vitamin D deficiency was determined. Infants with intrauterine growth restriction had vitamin D deficiency in more than half of the cases. Low levels of phosphorus may be a marker of vitamin D deficiency in the first days of life.

WOS: 000418709600016, Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HH) is the most common reason for persistent and recurrent hypoglycemia in the neonatal and infancy periods. We presented a case diagnosed with HH on the first day of life and who underwent near-total pancreatectomy because of the unresponsiveness to the diazoxide treatment. Despite early diagnosis and management, complications developed due to hypoglycemia and surgery.

WOS: 000418537000015, Congenital syphilis is preventable with proper antenatal follow-up and treatment of the pregnant woman infected with Treponema pallidum, and the rapid evaluation and early treatment of the newborns. Here we report a newborn with early congenital syphilis presenting with maculopapular rash and positive treponemal test born to an inadequately treated syphilitic mother.

WOS: 000418709600012, Aim: Prematurity is an important health problem affecting all segments of society. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the level of awareness of prematurity and related problems. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire consisting of fifteen questions was administered to medical faculty students, pediatric residents, and to laypersons by face to face interviews. The questionnaire applied in the scope of the study had 8 open-ended questions and 7 "yes-no" questions. Results: Of the 150 people who answered the questionnaire, 92 were health workers and the remaining 54 were people from the public. The groups with and without health workers had a similar rate of awareness of the World Prematurity Awareness Day (58.7% vs. 58.6% respectively, p=0.30). All of the health care workers defined prematurity correctly while 89.7% of the laypersons gave the correct definition (p< 0.05). People from the public expected the survival of babies with higher birth weight and gestational age and this group was less informed about the short and long-term problems related to prematurity. In both groups, the awareness of physicians specializing in newborn care was low (17.4% vs. 13.8%, p=0.13). The level of awareness of the shortage of specialized physicians and nurses in neonatal care was significantly lower among laypersons than that of health care workers (p values < 0.05). Conclusion: Although our study population knew what prematurity was, they lacked knowledge about the complications of prematurity, and the quality and adequacy of the health care teams involved in the care of premature babies.

WOS: 000406929600007, Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors, characteristic features, clinical and laboratory findings and mortality rates of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty seven patients diagnosed with NEC among the 488 cases followed up in our clinic between 2010-2011 were included into this study. Results: The incidence of NEC was found as 7.5% among the total patient population. Mean gestational age and birth weight of NEC patients were 27.5 +/- 2.5 weeks and 1044 +/- 485 grams. Ninety percent of NEC patients were born under 1500 grams and 30 weeks. Twenty-four cases were classified as stage 1, and 13 cases were classified as stage 2-3. Stage 2-3 NEC was diagnosed in 9.8% of very low birth weight infants. The mean gestational age, birth weight, gender, delivery type, Apgar scores and the incidence of intrauterine growth restriction, diagnosis and/or treatment of patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, intracranial hemorrhage were similar between patients with different stages of NEC. Gastrointestinal perforation developed in six of the stage 2-3 cases. Platelet count and hematocrit levels were lower (p

WOS: 000219058200003, Aim: We aimed to compare the macronutrient, antioxidant, insulin like growth factor 1 content of breast milk obtained from mothers of moderately premature and full-term infants. Materials and Methods: In this prospective study mature breast milk samples were collected and frozen from mothers of moderately premature (n=31, gestational age 32.16 +/- 2.42 weeks) and full term (n=14) infants who were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit. Frozen milk samples were thawed and macroonutrients (triglycerides, glucose, cholesterol, protein), antioxidants (TEAC: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, FRAP: ferric reducing ability of plasma, TOA: total antioxidant activity), TBARS (ThioBarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) and insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels were analysed. Results: Macronutrient content, antioxidant properties, oxidative status and IGF-1 content of preterm and term breast milk were found similar. None of these parameters were related to necrotizing enterocolitis or achievement of total enteral feeds. Conclusion: The donor milk obtained from mothers of term infants may be safely used for the moderately preterm infants cared in NICUs since both groups have similar breast milk properties.