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Objective: To determine the contribution of gait analysis to the differentiation and diagnosis of these diseases by examining the walking videos of individuals diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) and Parkinson's disease (PD) using the deep learning method. Materials and Methods: A hybrid system based on Convolutional Neural Networks was developed for the detection of MS and PD based on gait analysis. The patients were walked on a flat surface of approximately 14 meters and video recordings were taken from the front, back and both sides during walking. Videos of a total of 28 patients, 12 PD and 16 MS patients, were used in the study. Results: In the study, the data was analyzed using machine learning techniques and the best accuracy score was obtained as 87.5%. Conclusion: The accuracy rate of machine learning models in the diagnosis, follow-up and treatment process of patients such as MS, PD and other neurological diseases has been examined and it has been concluded that it is inevitable that these methods will be used much more over time.

Central pontine myelinolysis is a neurological disorder characterized by loss of myelin in the central pons as well as in the other parts of the brain like basal ganglia, lateral geniculate bodies, external and internal capsules, and cerebellum. We report the clinical and radiological findings of three patients with central pontine myelinolysis and one patient with both pontine and extrapontine myelinolysis.

Sneddon syndrome (SNS), characterized by livedo racemosa and stroke, is a rare disease, especially in young adults. Livedo racemosa are large lesions, widespread on the extremities and the body, that are violet-colored and have a good appearance and ambiguous limits. A 33-years-old female presented to our clinic for headache. She had a two-year history of blue-purple skin marks on her body and legs. The skin lesions were consistent with livedo racemosa. She had experienced right hemiparesis according to her medical history. Factor V Leiden (G1691A) mutation was heterozygote-positive. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T and FMF gene (MEFV) V726A mutations were determined. SNS is the cause of stroke, rarely seen in young adults. We considered this case to be of value since it is the first SNS case having factor V Leiden, MTHFR and MEFV mutations concomitantly

OBJECTIVE: The clinical progress of multiple sclerosis (MS), initial symptoms and problems during the course of a disease that can be seen, may vary among the patients. Therefore, different applications occurs in the disease diagnosis and treatment plan. The difficulties of diagnosis, treatment and progress of MS disease, experienced by the neurology residents and experts from different regions of the Turkey is intended to introduce. METHODS: Interactive meetings was arrenged in total 11 cities from different regions of Turkey, between March 2008 and June 2008. The data obtained as a result of the responses of participants were evaluated. RESULTS: Neurology specialist and research assistant, total of 242 persons participated. It was observed that 14 percent of visual evoked potential, 40 percent of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal band review and one percent of magnetic resonance imaging examinations used in diagnosis of MS can’t be done. There was significant differences between regions about feasibility of CSF OCB. Sixty one percent of participants thought to start immunomodulatory treatment to typical relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients, filled in the Mc Donald diagnostic criteria and had two attack story. CONCLUSION: As all the world, in Turkey being very much difference about clinical, radiological and laboratory features of MS lead to the neurology experts work hard and the emergence of different applications about the disease diagnosis and treatment plan

Mucormycosis is the common name for diseases caused by fungi of the genera Rhizopus, Mucor, and Absidia of the family Mucora- les: Mucoraceae, which affect many systems. Rhino-orbitocerebral infection is the most common form. In mucormycosis the nose and sinuses are the initial regions of infection. Orbital pain, sudden loss of vision, chemosis, periorbital cellulitis, ophthalmoplegia, and proptosis can be seen. We report the clinical and radiological findings of a mucormycosis case that presented with ophthalmop- legia and central nervous system involvement

OBJECTIVE: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that could be seen simultaneously with other diseases with autoimmune origin. OBJECTIVE: In this descriptive study, it was aimed to evaluate the relationship between MS and other autoimmune diseases among MS patients and their first degree relatives in two different centers, Ankara and Samsun. METHODS: 784 MS were included in the study. The data was gathered via interviews and patient record reviews. MS patients and their first degree relatives were asked for 13 specific autoimmune diseases which have been supposed to occur more frequently in MS patients. Data was evaluated seperately as patient record reviews and questionare interview. Ankara and Samsun center results were compared with each other. RESULTS: Among the interviewed subjects, 9 (5.3%) had co-occurrent autoimmune disease while the relatives of 26 (15.3%) was found to have autoimmune disease in Ankara. These figures were respectively 8 (17.4%) and 21 (45.7%) in Samsun. Both comorbid autoimmune disease among patients and autoimmune disease among relatives were observed to be higher in Samsun. Psoriasis was the mostly seen disease in Samsun and one of the mostly seen diseases in Ankara (1.2% in Ankara, 8.7% in Samsun). Multiple sclerosis (5.9%) and rheumatoid arthritis (32.6%) were the mostly seen diseases among relatives in Ankara and Samsun, respectively. According to the patient record reviews, the proportion of comorbid autoimmune disease in MS patients was 2.9% in Ankara and 5.2% in Samsun. In the whole group the proportion of the autoimmune diseases among female patients (17.4%) and their relatives was higher than male patients (5.3%) and their relatives. In Ankara, autoimmune thyroid disease (Graves and Hashimoto disease) was mostly seen whereas Behçet's disease was the most prominent in Samsun. CONCLUSION: In the study it was observed that among MS patients the percentage of having a comorbid disease was high. Besides, among the patients’ relatives, percentage of autoimmnue diseases, especially MS was observed to be high. Psoriasis was among the mostly seen diseases in both groups. MS and rheumatoid arthritis were observed to be the mostly seen autoimmune diseases among relatives

OBJECTIVE: MRI. Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) offers the possibility of differentiating such lesions from ischaemic lesions by using objective data as well as determining active MS plaque in particular. OBJECTIVES: This present study investigated diffusion alterations in MS patients in plaques and the normal-appearing white matter. METHODS: A total of 45 patients had been diagnosed with MS according to Mc Donald’s criteria were enrolled in the study. Cranial MRI examination consisted of number of lesions in PD/T2 transverse, T2 sagittal, T2 FLAIR transverse, diffusion-weighted MRI and ADC mapping, heavy IR-T1 transverse, T1 transverse, postcontrast T1 transverse imaging, incidence ratio in all sequences as well as assessment of contrasting characteristics. Visual characteristics of the lesions were determined in diffusion-weighted MRI and ADC mapping. RESULTS: Mean ADC values measured in the normal appearing white matter according to clinical forms were as follows: 0.79 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec for RRMS, 0.8 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec PPMS and 0.82 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec for SPMS. The differences between clinical forms in terms of mean ADC values measured in the normal appearing white matter were statistically significant (p0.05). Mean ADC values measured in T1 hypointense lesions were 1.106 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec for RRMS, 1.119 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec for PPMS and 1.132 ± 0.15x10-3 mm2/sec for SPMS. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (p