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Copyright of Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Normal embryonic and fetal development is strictly bound to maternal health and functioning placenta. Besides the invasion and differentiation of trophoblastic cell lineage; development of effective vasculature is crucial for the function of placenta. Placental vessels first arise by vasculogenesis in early development of villi and then succeeded by angiogenesis during fetal life. In the recent decades a new form of angiogenesis, "intussusceptive angiogenesis", besides classical sprouting angiogenesis is well documented. The presence of intussusception was shown at multiple organs but in placenta, in recent literature. We aimed to determine whether intussusceptive angiogenesis is present in human placenta to obtain further evidence on the development of vascular bed. Methods: The term placenta samples were obtained from 10 healthy pregnancies following caesarean sections. Tissues were processed using routine plastic embedding technique; thin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate & lead citrate; observed and photographed by transmission electron microscope. Results: Our examinations revealed that both sprouting and intussusceptive angiogenesis is present in floating villi of term placenta. Phases of intussusception were documented in various samples. Conclusion: The presence of intussusceptive angiogenesis will help our understanding of microvascular bed remodeling during pregnancy. We believe that this new finding will help us to determine the relation of microvascular bed development in normal and abnormal placentas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amaç: Kompleman sistemi (C) ile tümör nekroz faktörü-alfa (TNFa), sistemik lupus eritematozus (SLE) ve antifosfolipid sendromunda (AFS) önemli mediatörlerdir. Çalışmamızda SLE/AFS'li gebelerde, C aktivasyonu ile TNFa'nın fetal/maternal prognozla ilişkisini inceledik. Yöntem: SLE/AFS'li gebelerin serumlarında (s) C3b, C5, TNFa düzeyleri (ELISA) belirlendi. Plasentalarının histopatolojik incelemesi yapıldı; C4d ve TNFa ile boyanmaları değerlendirildi. Gebelik seyir ve sonuçları ile ilişkileri saptandı, kontrol gruplarıyla karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: SLE/AFS'li gebeler (n=37), SLE/AFS'li gebe olmayanlar (n=15), sağlıklı gebeler (n=15) ve sağlıklılardan (n=14) oluşan dört grup analiz edildi. SC3b ortalama değeri ve pozitiflik oranı SLE/AFS gebelerde; SLE/AFS gebe olmayanlara, sağlıklı gebelere ve sağlıklılara göre daha yüksekti (tümü için p<0,05). SLE/AFS'li gebelerde en sık morbiditeler gebelik kaybı (%18,9) ve preeklampsi (%16,2), en sık aktivasyon nefrit (%30,5) ve trombositopeniydi (%19,44). Preeklampsi gelişenlerde sTNFa pozitifliği anlamlı derecede yüksekti (%43 vs. 11, p<0,05); C5a ve C3b ise istatistiksel anlamlılığa erişmese de bu grupta fazlaydı. SLEDAI-2K ortalaması belirtilen biyomarkerların pozitif/negatif olduğu gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık sergilemedi. sTNFa pozitifliği ile nefrit ve trombositopeni arasında anlamlı ilişki saptandı (p<0,05). Yenidoğanların (YD) %56,7'si preterm iken, %36,7'sinde intrauterin gelişme geriliği (İUGG) saptandı. SLE/AFS'de sağlıklı gebelerden daha düşük YD doğum ağırlığı, boy ve APGAR skorları mevcuttu. Plasental C4d ve TNFa ile boyanma SLE/AFS gebelerde sağlıklı gebelerden yüksek ve şiddetliydi (p<0,001). Preeklampsi, HELLP ve gebelik kayıplarında boyanma pozitiflik ve şiddeti fazla olsa da istatistiksel anlamlılığa erişemedi. Desidual vaskülopati (en sık; %85), desidual enflamasyon, villöz enfarkt SLE/AFS'li gebe plasentalarında, sağlıklı gebelerinkine göre daha fazlaydı (p<0,001). Belirtilen bulgular preeklampsi, İUGG, YDYB ihtiyacı olanlarda anlamlı derecede fazlaydı (p<0,001). Lupus antikoagülanı olanlarda desidual enflamasyon ve C4d boyanması anlamlı derecede fazlaydı (p<0,05). Sonuç: Bulgularımız SLE/AFS'li gebelerde TNFa ve kompleman sisteminin aktivasyonunu serum ve özellikle plasenta düzeyinde göstermekte ve olumsuz gebelik seyir ve sonuçlarıyla ilişkisini desteklemektedir. Gelecekte bu biyobelirteçlerin gebelik takibinde kullanımı ilgili yolakları hedef alan yeni tedavilere olanak tanıyarak maternal/fetal prognozu olumlu etkileyebilir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Placental factors and hypoxemia are the keys to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and stillbirth. The aim of the study is to analyze histological changes in placentas of IUGR fetuses in pregnancies with no apparent etiologic factor and unexplained intrauterine fetal deaths. Material and Methods: A total of 110 placentas were collected; 26 placentas of IUGR fetuses with no apparent cause, 58 placentas from unexplained intrauterine deaths over 20 weeks of gestation, and 26 placentas from uncomplicated pregnancies who delivered a healthy live baby. Microscopic examinations of placentas were performed for histopathological analyzes. Results: Gestational age at delivery was 33.67±4.37 weeks, 29.15±8.36 weeks, and 39.0±1.52 weeks in women in group I, group II and group III, respectively (p<0.01). Infarction and intervillous thrombosis are significantly more frequent in placentas of Group I and group II.Chronic villitis occurred in 69%, 63% and 30% of group I, group II, and group III, respectively. Placental intravascular thrombi (Group I, 31% and group II, 26%), perivillous fibrin deposition and fibrinoid necrosis(65% in Group I and 53% in group II), infarction, intervillous thrombosis, chronic villitis, hemorrhagic endovasculitis, placental intravascular thrombi, perivillous fibrin deposition, fibrinoid necrosis, erythroblastosis and villous edema were found in the study group. Conclusion: The results reported here indicate that a relationship exists between morphological changes in the placentas of IUGR and intrauterinefetal deaths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The microscopic and macroscopic features of placenta can contribute to the clinical understanding of premature delivery. The aim of our study was to relate the histopathological findings in the placentas of premature infants to pregnancy and explore its relation to neonatal morbidity. Materials and Methods: Placentas of 86 singleton preterm infants were examined and the association between placental pathology and the initiator of the preterm delivery such as preterm labor (PTL), preterm premature rupture of membranes (P-PROM) and pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) were evaluated. The findings associated with acute placental inflammation or placental evidence of PIH were correlated to the initiators of preterm delivery and the clinical findings of the neonates. Results: The initiator of preterm delivery was PTL in 45%, P-PROM in 20% and PIH in 21% of the infants. Twenty percent of placentas had one or more findings associated with acute inflammation, 43% had findings associated with PIH, 23% had no identifiable pathology and 14% had other findings (intervillous thrombus, villous edema, etc.). Among mothers with placental evidence of acute inflammation, 56% had P-PROM, 38% had PTL and 6% had PIH. The mothers who had histological chorioamnionitis delivered at a younger gestational age than the mothers who had placental evidence of PIH (29 and 32 weeks, respectively; p=0.001). Histological chorioamnionitis was found to be more frequent in the placentas of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (p=0.001). Discussion: This preliminary study revealed that the placental pathological findings appear to be correlated to the initiator of preterm delivery. Examination of the preterm delivery placentas gains importance in determining the etiology of preterm delivery and morbidity in infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uterine septum is the most frequent (35-48%) structural uterine anomaly and associated with the poorest reproductive outcome. A 24 year old, nulliparous woman (G:1 P:0) applied to our clinic for routine first trimester pregnancy ultrasound. During the examination, it was recognized that most of the placenta was implanted on the uterine septum. There was no vascularity on uterine septum in doppler ultrasound. This is extremely rare case in literature showing placental implantation on uterine septum in the first trimester and reached term with successful pregnancy outcome. In conclusion, in contrast what is believed, pregnancy with placental implantation on complete uterine septum may progress successful. Key Words: Uterine septum, placenta, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]