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1. Prospective Cohort Study of Infective Endocarditis in People Who Inject Drugs

Author

David R. Murdoch, Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo, Eugene Athan, Juan M. Pericàs, José M. Miró, Tomáš Freiberger, Pierre Tattevin, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Francisco Nacinovich, Marta Hernández-Meneses, Vivian H. Chu, Zeina A. Kanafani, Jacob Strahilevitz, Jaume Llopis, Cristiane da Cruz Lamas, Margaret M. Hannan, University of Barcelona, Deakin University [Burwood], University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Masaryk University [Brno] (MUNI), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], ARN régulateurs bactériens et médecine (BRM), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Duke University [Durham], This study was supported by the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (# E26/202.782/2015 to Dr. Lamas), Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (V-2003-REDC14A-O), and Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias de la Seguridad Social (FIS 00-0475) (Dr. Miro). Dr. Miro has received a personal 80:20 research grant from the Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain, for 2017 to 2021. All other authors have reported that they have no relationships relevant to the contents of this paper to disclose., Pericas, J. M., Llopis, J., Athan, E., Hernandez-Meneses, M., Hannan, M. M., Murdoch, D. R., Kanafani, Z., Freiberger, T., Strahilevitz, J., Fernandez-Hidalgo, N., Lamas, C., Durante-Mangoni, E., Tattevin, P., Nacinovich, F., Chu, V. H., Miro, J. M., and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Staphylococcus aureus, cardiac surgery, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], infective endocarditi, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Logistic regression, medicine.disease_cause, Global Health, Risk Assessment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Interquartile range, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Substance Abuse, Intravenous, Aged, Prosthetic valve, people who inject drug, Endocarditis, business.industry, Public health, Incidence, HIV, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cardiac surgery, people who inject drugs, Infective endocarditis, opioid crisis, Female, infective endocarditis, opioid crisi, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

International audience; Background - Infective endocarditis (IE) in people who inject drugs (PWID) is an emergent public health problem. Objectives - The purpose of this study was to investigate IE in PWID and compare it with IE in non-PWID patients. Methods - Two prospective cohort studies (ICE-PCS and ICE-Plus databases, encompassing 8,112 IE episodes from 2000 to 2006 and 2008 to 2012, with 64 and 34 sites and 28 and 18 countries, respectively). Outcomes were compared between PWID and non-PWID patients with IE. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate risk factors for 6-month mortality and relapses amongst PWID. Results - A total of 7,616 patients (591 PWID and 7,025 non-PWID) were included. PWID patients were significantly younger (median 37.0 years [interquartile range: 29.5 to 44.2 years] vs. 63.3 years [interquartile range: 49.3 to 74.0 years]; p

Published
2021

2. Secondhand Smoking and Depressive Symptoms Among In-School Adolescents

Author

Louis Jacob, Ai Koyanagi, Sarah E Jackson, Lee Smith, Josep Maria Haro, Jae Il Shin, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), University College of London [London] (UCL), ICREA Infection Biology Laboratory (Department of Experimental and Health Sciences), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC: PI15/00862 World Health Organization, WHO Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ISCIII European Regional Development Fund, FEDER, This research was based on data from the Global School-Based Student Health Survey, which was made available for use by the Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Department of the WHO and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ai Koyanagi's work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R?+?D?+?I and funded by the ISCIII - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research - and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER). LJ contributed to the design of the study, undertook the statistical analysis, managed the literature searches, wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and contributed to the correction of the manuscript. LS, SEJ, JMH, and JIS contributed to the design of the study and the correction of the manuscript. AK contributed to the design of the study, undertook the statistical analysis, and contributed to the correction of the manuscript. All authors contributed to and have approved the final manuscript. The data sets supporting the conclusions of this article are available at www.cdc.gov. No financial disclosures were reported by the authors of this paper., and Ai Koyanagi's work is supported by the PI15/00862 project, integrated into the National R + D + I and funded by the ISCIII - General Branch Evaluation and Promotion of Health Research - and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF-FEDER).

Subjects
Male, Adolescent, Epidemiology, Cross-sectional study, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Developing country, Global Health, Logistic regression, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030225 pediatrics, Environmental health, Prevalence, Global health, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Students, Secondhand smoke, Developing Countries, Depressive symptoms, 2. Zero hunger, Schools, Depression, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health Surveys, 3. Good health, Food insecurity, Cross-Sectional Studies, Secondhand smoking, Female, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, business
Abstract

International audience; Introduction: Smoking has been linked with depressive symptoms in adolescents, but data on secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms in low- and middle-income countries are scarce. Thus, this study analyzes the association between secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms among in-school adolescents from 22 low- and middle-income countries. Methods: Data from the 2003–2008 Global School-Based Student Health Survey were analyzed in June 2019. Data on past-week exposure to secondhand smoke and past-year depressive symptoms were collected. The association between secondhand smoke and depressive symptoms was studied using multivariable logistic regressions and meta-analyses. Results: The sample consisted of 37,505 adolescents aged 12–15 years who never smoked. The prevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 23.0% in adolescents with no secondhand smoking to 28.9% in those with secondhand smoking every day in the past week. After adjusting for sex, age, food insecurity, and country, there was a dose–response relationship between secondhand smoking and depressive symptoms in the overall sample (0 days: reference; 1–2 days: OR=1.06, 95% CI=0.95, 1.18; 3–6 days: OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.20, 1.58; 7 days: OR=1.63, 95% CI=1.44, 1.86). The country-wise analysis showed that secondhand smoking on at least 3 days (versus

Published
2020