1. Detection of numerous HIV-1/MO recombinants in France
- Author
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Elyanne Gault, Fabienne De Oliveira, Véronique Lemée, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Véronique Schneider, Alice Moisan, Thomas Mourez, Marie-Laure Chaix, Marc Wirden, Laurence Bocket, Jean-Dominique Poveda, Magali Bouvier-Alias, Charlotte Pronier, Pierre Cappy, Elodie Alessandri-Gradt, Odile Morvan, Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Laboratoire de virologie [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Département de microbiologie : Bactério, Virologie, Parasito, Hygiène, Service de virologie [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Laboratoire de virologie [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Laboratoire de Virologie CHU Henri Mondor, Service de microbiologie [Saint-Louis], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène [AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise-Paré], Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale CH Saint Brieuc, Laboratoire CERBA, Laboratoire CERBA [Saint Ouen l'Aumône], Service de virologie [Hôpital Tenon], CHU Tenon [APHP], Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Département de microbiologie : Bactério, Virologie, Parasito, Hygiène-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Laboratoire de Virologie [Rennes] = Virology [Rennes], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Service de Virologie [Lille], Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre hospitalier Saint-Brieuc, CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), and AP-HP Hôpital Ambroise-Paré [Boulogne-Billancourt]
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Serotype ,Genotyping Techniques ,Sequence analysis ,030106 microbiology ,Immunology ,Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ,HIV Infections ,medicine.disease_cause ,law.invention ,Serology ,Evolution, Molecular ,03 medical and health sciences ,law ,Genetic variation ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Serotyping ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Recombination, Genetic ,business.industry ,Genetic Variation ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Virology ,3. Good health ,Genetic divergence ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology ,HIV-1 ,Recombinant DNA ,Female ,France ,business ,Viral load - Abstract
BACKGROUND The broad genetic divergence of HIV-1/O relative to HIV-1/M has important implications for diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. Despite this divergence, some HIV-1/M+O dual infections and HIV-1/MO recombinant forms have been reported, mostly in Cameroon, where both groups are prevalent. Here, we describe the characteristics of such infections detected in France in 10 new patients, and discuss their implications for biological and clinical practice, owing to the presence of group O species. METHODS The French National Reference Centre for HIV received samples within the framework of mandatory notification of HIV infections, and for expert analysis. A strategy combining serotyping, viral quantification, group-specific molecular amplification and whole-genome sequencing was used for strain characterization and complementary investigations. RESULTS We identified one patient with M+O infection, three patients with M+O infection associated with an MO recombinant, and six patients with only an MO recombinant. These atypical infections were detected upon strain characterization (n = 4) or because of anomalies during patient monitoring (n = 6). We identified eight new URF_MO, all but one originating from Cameroon. Interestingly, two distinct recombinant strains were found in two unrelated patients, representing possible precursors of a CRF_MO. CONCLUSION Our work highlights the fact that the continuous evolution of HIV can hinder diagnosis and complicate clinical practice. We stress that unexpected results during diagnosis or monitoring necessitate further serological and molecular exploration, these atypical infections influence biological and therapeutic management and necessitate appropriate tools, and specific surveillance is necessary, especially as the frequency of such infections may be underestimated.
- Published
- 2018
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