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1. Occurrence of cassava brown streak disease and associated #Ugandan cassava brown streak virus# in Mayotte Island (Mozambique Channel). [SP4-10]

Author

Michel Roux-Cuvelier, David Teyssedre, Thomas Chesneau, Jeffray, C., Delphine Massé, Katia Jade, Abdoul Karime, A. L., Bruno Hostachy, Bernard Reynaud, James Legg, Jean-Michel LETT, Univ, Réunion, UMR Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (UMR PVBMT - INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Pôle de Protection des Plantes, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR)

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Sciences du vivant, food and beverages, Biologie végétale, H20 - Maladies des plantes
Abstract

International audience; In November 2013, symptoms of yellowing on leaves and brown necrotic rot on tuberous roots were observed on different cassava landraces (Manihot esculenta) in Dembeni on Mayotte Island, a French Overseas Department in the south-west Indian Ocean. The symptoms, similar to the cassava brown streak disease described in East Africa, suggested the possible involvement of cassava brown streak viruses (Mbanzibwa et al., JGV 2011). The expanding cassava brown streak disease epidemic in East Africa is caused by two ipomoviruses, Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV; Monger et al., Arch. Virol.2010) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus(UCBSV; Winter et al., JGV 2010). To verify the identity of the causal agent, symptom-bearing leaf samples of 17 affected plants were collected in March and June 2014.For the detection of cassava brown streak viruses, a two-step RT-PCR using CBSDDF2 and CBSDDR primers was used (Mbanzibwa et al., JGV 2011). These primers were designed for simultaneous virus-specific detection of CBSV and UCBSV (amplicons of 344 bp and 440 bp, respectively). RT-PCR products of the expected size for UCBSV were obtained for 11 samples. To confirm the diagnosis, the RT-PCR products were directly and bi-directionally sequenced and contigs assembled. Sequences of 376 bp from eight of the 11 samples were obtained which had 99-100% nucleotide identity (EMBL Aaccession Nos. LN611671 to LN611678). The sequences showed the highest nucleotide identity (86%) with isolates of UCBSV from Uganda and Malawi (FN434109; FN433932) and 85% with an isolate of CBSV from Mozambique (FN434436). A phylogenetic reconstruction with publicly available complete genome sequences of cassava brown streak viruses confirmed that the Mayotte isolates are genetically more related to UCBSV isolates than to CBSV isolates from East Africa, and represent a separate lineage that appears to be almost intermediate between current isolates of CBSV and UCBSV. This is the first report of cassava brown streak disease in Mayotte. Given that cassava is a staple food in the Comoros archipelago and Madagascar, this report is of great significance for managing the health of cassava in this region, and warrants urgent attention from regulatory institutions. (Texte intégral)

Published
2016

2. A duplex pcr assay for the detection of ralstonia solanacearum phylotype ii strains in musa spp

Author

Philippe Prior, Aude Chabirand, Gilles Cellier, Aurélie Moreau, Bruno Hostachy, Florent Ailloud, French Agcy Food Environm & Occupat Hlth & Safety, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), UAR 0865 Paris Réunion, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Direction des Ressources Humaines (DRH)-Paris Réunion (PARIS REUNION), and French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) - Plant Health Laboratory (LSV) - Tropical Pests and Diseases unit

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Phylogénie, Identification, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lcsh:Medicine, Musa (bananes), Polymerase Chain Reaction, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Ralstonia, law, Lignée, Musa (plantains), lcsh:Science, Pathogen, Phylogeny, Polymerase chain reaction, 2. Zero hunger, Phylotype, 0303 health sciences, Ralstonia solanacearum, Multidisciplinary, biology, Phylogenetic tree, food and beverages, Biodiversity, PCR, banana, blood-disease bacterium, Brazil, Research Article, top, nov, Sensitivity and Specificity, Diagnostic de laboratoire, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, pseudomonas-syzygii, molecular plant pathology, Plant Diseases, H20 - Maladies des plantes, 030306 microbiology, wilt, proposal, lcsh:R, Reproducibility of Results, Musa, biology.organism_classification, Musaceae, lcsh:Q, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Banana wilt outbreaks that are attributable to Moko disease-causing strains of the pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum (Rs) remain a social and economic burden for both multinational corporations and subsistence farmers. All known Moko strains belong to the phylotype II lineage, which has been previously recognized for its broad genetic basis. Moko strains are paraphyletic and are distributed among seven related but distinct phylogenetic clusters (sequevars) that are potentially major threats to Musaceae, Solanaceae, and ornamental crops in many countries. Although clustered within the Moko IIB-4 sequevar, strains of the epidemiologically variant IIB-4NPB do not cause wilt on Cavendish or plantain bananas; instead, they establish a latent infection in the vascular tissues of plantains and demonstrate an expanded host range and high aggressiveness toward Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae. Although most molecular diagnostic methods focus on strains that wilt Solanaceae (particularly potato), no relevant protocol has been described that universally detects strains of the Musaceae-infecting Rs phylotype II. Thus, a duplex PCR assay targeting Moko and IIB-4NPB variant strains was developed, and its performance was assessed using an extensive collection of 111 strains representing the known diversity of Rs Moko-related strains and IIB-4NPB variant strains along with certain related strains and families. The proposed diagnostic protocol demonstrated both high accuracy (inclusivity and exclusivity) and high repeatability, detected targets on either pure culture or spiked plant extracts. Although they did not belong to the Moko clusters described at the time of the study, recently discovered banana-infecting strains from Brazil were also detected. According to our comprehensive evaluation, this duplex PCR assay appears suitable for both research and diagnostic laboratories and provides reliable detection of phylotype II Rs strains that infect Musaceae.

Published
2015
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3. First report of cassava brown streak disease and associated #Ugandan cassava brown streak virus# in Mayotte Island

Author

David Teyssedre, Delphine Massé, Bruno Hostachy, James P. Legg, Thomas Chesneau, C. Jeffray, Michel Roux-Cuvelier, Jean-Michel Lett, Bernard Reynaud, A. L. Abdoul Karime, Katia Jade, Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), Pôle de Protection des Plantes, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), UMR Peuplement Végétaux et Bioagresseurs en Milieu Tropical (UMR PVBMT - INRA), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
Identification, Veterinary medicine, Manihot esculenta, Virologie, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cassava brown streak virus, Streak, Plant Science, Ipomovirus, Plant virus, Botany, East africa, H20 - Maladies des plantes, Ugandan cassava brown streak virus, biology, food and beverages, Virus des végétaux, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Épidémiologie, Indian ocean, Sciences du vivant, Agronomy and Crop Science, Biologie végétale
Abstract

International audience; In November 2013, symptoms of yellowing on leaves and brown necrotic rot on tuberous roots (Fig. 1) were observed on different cassava landraces (Manihot esculenta) in Dembeni on Mayotte Island, a French Overseas Department in the southwest Indian Ocean. The symptoms, similar to the cassava brown streak disease described in East Africa, suggested the possible involvement of cassava brown streak viruses (Mbanzibwa et al., 2011). The expanding cassava brown streak disease epidemic in East Africa is caused by two ipomoviruses, Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV; Monger et al., 2010) and Ugandan cassava brown streak virus (UCBSV; Winter et al., 2010). To verify the identity of the causal agent, symptom-bearing leaf samples of 17 affected plants were collected in March and June 2014. Total RNA was extracted from these samples using the RNeasy Plant Mini Kit (Qiagen, France). For the detection of cassava brown streak viruses, a two-step RT-PCR using CBSDDF2 and CBSDDR primers was used (Mbanzibwa et al., 2011). These primers were designed for simultaneous virus-specific detection of CBSV and UCBSV (amplicons of 344 bp and 440 bp, respectively). RT-PCR products of the expected size for UCBSV were obtained for 11 samples. To confirm the diagnosis, the RT-PCR products were directly and bi-directionally sequenced and contigs assembled using DNABaser (Heracle BioSoft, Romania). Sequences of 376 bp from eight of the 11 samples were obtained which had 99-100% nucleotide identity (MEGA6; Tamura et al., 2013) (EMBL Accession Nos. LN611671 to LN611678; Table 1). The sequences showed the highest nucleotide identity (86%) with isolates of UCBSV from Uganda and Malawi (FN434109; FN433932) and 85% with an isolate of CBSV from Mozambique (FN434436). A phylogenetic reconstruction with publicly available complete genome sequences of cassava brown streak viruses confirmed that the Mayotte isolates are genetically more related to UCBSV isolates than to CBSV isolates from East Africa, and represent a separate lineage that appears to be almost intermediate between current isolates of CBSV and UCBSV (MEGA6; Fig. 2). This is the first report of cassava brown streak disease in Mayotte. Given that cassava is a staple food in the Comoros archipelago and Madagascar, this report is of great significance for managing the health of cassava in this region, and warrants urgent attention from regulatory institutions.

Published
2014
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4. Comparative and collaborative studies for the validation of a nested PCR for the detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae from Anthurium samples

Author

P. Martini, Aude Chabirand, Janice Minatchy, M. Laurentie, G. Bianchi, Emmanuel Jouen, J. Van Vaerenbergh, Olivier Pruvost, G. Op de Beeck, Isabelle Robène-Soustrade, Frédéric Chiroleu, L. Sigillo, Bruno Hostachy, F. Siverio, Françoise Poliakoff, John G. Elphinstone, H. Matoušková, F. Manole, M. Bergsma-Vlami, Maria C. Holeva, L. Cozzolino, UEBEAC, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Unité de Toxicologie des Contaminants, Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Indirect elisa, Veterinary medicine, Identification, ADN, Analyse qualitative, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Serology, Réseau de recherche, Anthurium, 0303 health sciences, biology, [SDV.BA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology, Amplicon, Test ELISA, PCR, Xanthomonas, Horticulture, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetics, Diagnostic, H20 - Maladies des plantes, 030306 microbiology, biology.organism_classification, Restriction digest, Xanthomonas axonopodis, U30 - Méthodes de recherche, Agronomy and Crop Science, Nested polymerase chain reaction, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Efficient control of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. dieffenbachiae, the causal agent of anthurium bacterial blight, requires sensitive and reliable diagnostic tools. The European standard EN ISO 16140:2003 has been followed to compare a nested PCR assay (N-PCR) to a reference method (isolation and serological identification of bacterial colonies) and to other alternative serological detection methods. The evaluation was performed in two steps: a comparative study and a collaborative study involving 15 European laboratories. Although inclusivity was maximal (100%) for all methods, a maximal exclusivity was obtained only with N-PCR followed by an enzymatic restriction digestion of the amplicons. Exclusivity indices of 90*6, 88*7 and 47*2% were found for indirect ELISA, immunofluorescence and double antibody sandwich ELISA, respectively. An exclusivity of 92*5% was obtained with the reference method, further increased to 100% if pathogenicity tests were performed as a supplemental assay. The best level of sensitivity (relative detection level) was obtained with the reference method followed by the N-PCR assay. The N-PCR performance in terms of relative accuracy, accordance and concordance was very similar to that of the reference method. Moreover, N-PCR had undeniable advantages compared to the reference method (less labour-intensive and less time-consuming). In addition, post-test probabilities of infection were calculated to select the most appropriate detection scheme related to the prevalence of the pathogen. The N-PCR assay has since been included in a revised version of the EPPO detection protocol. © 2013 British Society for Plant Pathology.

Published
2013
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5. Evaluation de risque simplifiée pour les Lethal yellowing type syndromes (LYTS)

Author

Michel Dollet, Bruno Hostachy, Philippe Reignault, Sylvie Augustin, Nathalie Breda, Philippe Castagnone, Bruno Chauvel, Nicolas Desneux, Abraham ESCOBAR GUTIERREZ, Laurent Gentzbittel, Herve Jactel, Jean-Claude Laberche, Thomas Le Bourgeois, Guy Lemperiere, Didier Mugniery, Pierre Silvie, Stéphan Steyer, Frederic Suffert, François Verheggen, Thierry Wetzel, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, Unité Ravageurs et agents pathogènes tropicaux, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail ( ANSES Maisons-Alfort ), Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant, Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale ( ULCO ), Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière ( UZF ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] ( EEF ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] ( ISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Agroécologie [Dijon], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères ( P3F ), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement ( EcoLab (ENSAT-Bat B) ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-PRES Université de Toulouse-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biodiversité, Gènes et Communautés, Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations ( UMR AMAP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ), Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Ouest] ), Indépendant, UR Systèmes de cultures annuels, Département Sciences du Vivant, Unité Biologie des nuisibles et biovigilance, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques ( CRA-W ), BIOlogie GEstion des Risques en agriculture - Champignons Pathogènes des Plantes ( BIOGER-CPP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Faculté de Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, unité Entomologie fonctionnelle et évolutive, Université de Liège, Laboratoire de Virologie Végétale, RLP-Agroscience GmbH/Alplanta-Institute for Plant Research, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale (ULCO), Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière (UZF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières [devient SILVA en 2018] (EEF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech [Sophia Antipolis] (ISA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Prairies et Plantes Fourragères (P3F), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (ECOLAB), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Botanique et Modélisation de l'Architecture des Plantes et des Végétations (UMR AMAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Ouest]), Chercheur indépendant, Centre Wallon de Recherches Agronomiques (CRA-W), BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO), Unité de recherche Zoologie Forestière (URZF), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud]), Contrat : 2012-SA-0101, Superviseur : Xavier Tassus, Commanditaire : Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (France), Type de commande : Commande avec contrat/convention/lettre de saisine, Date de signature : 2012-11-14, Unité Ravageurs et agents pathogènes tropicaux (RAPT), Laboratoire de la santé des végétaux (LSV), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (LEFE), Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, lethal yellowing type syndromes (LYTS), jaunissement du feuillage, palm tree, palmiers, risk assessment, phytoplasmes, maladie à phytoplasme, palmier, évaluation des risques, [ SDV.SA ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, evaluation du risque simplifiée
Abstract

La Direction Générale de l’Alimentation du ministère en charge de l’agriculture a saisi l’Anses en vue de la réalisation d’une évaluation du risque simplifiée (ERS) des LYTS. Ce travail a pour but notamment d’évaluer le risque d’introduction et l’impact économique des LYTS dans la zone ARP. La zone ARP à considérer comprend la Martinique, la Guadeloupe, la Guyane, la Réunion et Mayotte.

Published
2012

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