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1. Role of Seaports and Imported Rats in Seoul Hantavirus Circulation, Africa

Author

Guillaume Castel, Claudia Filippone, Caroline Tatard, Jacques Vigan, Gauthier Dobigny, Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro Montpellier, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Montpellier (UM), European Research Infrastructure on Highly Pathogenic Agents (ERINHA-AISBL), Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert K. Maga de Cotonou (CNHU-HKM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and This work was funded by The French National Research Program for Environmental and Occupational Health of Anses (ANSES-22-EST-090) .

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Orthohantavirus, Internationality, Epidemiology, Seoul, Hantavirus Infections, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Commerce, Rats, Infectious Diseases, Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome, Animals, Humans, Seoul virus
Abstract

International audience; Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV) is not considered a major public health threat on the continent of Africa. However, Africa is exposed to rodentborne SEOV introduction events through maritime traffic after exponential growth of trade with the rest of the world. Serologic studies have already detected hantavirus antibodies in human populations, and recent investigations have confirmed circulation of hantavirus, including SEOV, in rat populations. Thus, SEOV is a possible emerging zoonotic risk in Africa. Moreover, the range of SEOV could rapidly expand, and transmission to humans could increase because of host switching from the usual brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) species, which is currently invading Africa, to the more widely installed black rat (R. rattus) species. Because of rapid economic development, environmental and climatic changes, and increased international trade, strengthened surveillance is urgently needed to prevent SEOV dissemination among humans in Africa.Rodents are widespread, opportunistic, and competent host reservoirs involved in the maintenance, circulation, and transmission of a wide panel of zoonotic pathogens (1). Rodent-related zoonoses cause up to 400 million human infections worldwide each year (1,2). Among zoonotic pathogens, hantaviruses (order Bunyavirales, family Hantaviridae, genus Orthohantavirus) are among agents considered most likely to emerge and have a global public health impact (3).Hantaviruses are enveloped, negative, single-stranded RNA viruses with a tripartite genome comprised of large, medium, and small segments. Transmitted to humans via inhalation of aerosolized virus in contaminated rodent urine and feces, hantaviruses can cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (4). Hantaviruses are generally carried by a rodent species host, and geographic distribution of the host can determine the area in which the associated disease occurs among humans. From this perspective, Seoul orthohantavirus (SEOV), identified in South Korea in 1982, deserves special attention because its cosmopolitan host, the Norwegian rat (Rattus norvegicus), also known as the brown rat, has been dispersed worldwide, resulting in a global distribution of the virus today (5). Detection of SEOV is often considered anecdotal and speculated to be driven by sporadic introduction of infected brown rats via transportation but also by pet or laboratory rats (6,7). Diagnosing SEOV in humans remains a challenge due to milder and atypical HFRS pathology (8). However, mild symptoms can progress to acute renal disease associated with HFRS, in which patients experience low blood pressure, acute shock, and acute kidney failure, and the case-fatality rate is ≈1% (9).

Published
2023
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2. External quality assessment of Rift Valley fever diagnosis in countries at risk of the disease: African, Indian Ocean and Middle-East regions

Author

Denis Nyakilinga, Soufien Sghaier, Khalil Zro, Nicolas Keck, Catherine Cetre-Sossah, Modou Moustapha Lo, Sara Acha, Fatiha El Mellouli, Thabisile Tshabalala, Ahmed Bezeid El Mamy, Abdulwahed Mohammed Alrizqi, Maman Moutari Souley, Claudia Filippone, Baratang A. Lubisi, Jean-Michel Heraud, Nadera Bouayed, Marthin Dakouo, Sitty-Bahyat Chamassy, Kareem Abdelfattah Abdelwahab Mohammed, Hanane Khallouki, Ghizlane Sebbar, Haladou Gagara, Aurélie Pédarrieu, Jelly Chang’a, Abdallah Traoré, M. Diop, Hafsa Madani, Gilda Grard, Laurenco Mapaco, Yahya Barry, Abdou Achiraffi, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), Laboratoire Régional d'Analyses et de Recherches de Casablanca (LRARC), Office National de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits Alimentaires [Maroc] (ONSSA), Biopharma [Rabat, Maroc], Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National de la Médecine Vétérinaire [Mohammadia, Algérie] (INMV), Laboratoire National d'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires [Dakar] (LNERV), Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles [Dakar] (ISRA), Office National de Recherche et de Développement de l’Elevage (ONARDEL), Laboratoire Central Vétérinaire [Bamako, Mali], Laboratoire Central de l’Elevage [Niamey, Niger] (LABOCEL), Mozambique Institute of Agricultural Research (IIAM), Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency [Dar es Salaam, Tanzania] (TVLA), ARC-Onderstepoort Veterinary Research [Onderstepoort, South Africa] (ARC-OVR), Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire vétérinaire et d’analyses départemental [Mayotte, France] (LVAD976), Laboratoire Départemental Vétérinaire de l'Hérault, Conseil Général de l'Hérault, Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Arbovirus - Laboratoire coordonnateur : Equipe Résidente de Recherche d'Infectiologie Tropicale (ERRIT), Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées Hôpital d’Instruction des Armées Laveran, Unité des Virus Emergents (UVE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Jazan Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory [Jizan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia], This study was partly funded by the SURE project, Préfecture de la Réunion, INTERREG FEDER TROI 2015-2017 in the framework of the DP One Health Indian Ocean., We are grateful to Annelise Tran for her help producing the map illustrating the countries that took part in the PT, and to Denise Bastron for registering the participants and sending the panels to the participating laboratories. The authors would like also to thank the veterinarians (CoopADEM, Food, Agriculture and Forestry Directorate (DAAF, Direction de l’Alimentation, de l’Agriculture et de la Forêt) for their assistance in obtaining the blood samples., Agricultural Research Institute of Mozambique, and Heraud, Jean-Michel

Subjects
RNA viruses, Research Facilities, Endemic Diseases, Quality Assurance, Health Care, Rift Valley Fever, Epidemiology, Antibodies, Viral, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Serology, Geographical Locations, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Zoonoses, Bunyaviruses, Rift Valley fever, Indian Ocean, Pathology and laboratory medicine, Neglected tropical diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Multidisciplinary, biology, Medical microbiology, Veterinary Diagnostics, 3. Good health, Geography, Veterinary Diseases, Preparedness, S50 - Santé humaine, Viruses, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious diseases, Medicine, Livestock, Pathogens, Research Laboratories, Research Article, Medical conditions, Veterinary Medicine, Science, 030231 tropical medicine, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Viral diseases, Research and Analysis Methods, Arbovirus, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Middle East, Environmental health, External quality assessment, medicine, Animals, Humans, Serologic Tests, 030304 developmental biology, Medicine and health sciences, Biology and life sciences, business.industry, Tropical diseases, Organisms, Viral pathogens, Outbreak, Reproducibility of Results, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Rift Valley fever virus, Microbial pathogens, Phlebovirus, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Medical Risk Factors, Immunoglobulin G, People and Places, Africa, Veterinary Science, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Laboratories, Government Laboratories
Abstract

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), an arbovirus belonging to the Phlebovirus genus of the Phenuiviridae family, causes the zoonotic and mosquito-borne RVF. The virus, which primarily affects livestock (ruminants and camels) and humans, is at the origin of recent major outbreaks across the African continent (Mauritania, Libya, Sudan), and in the South-Western Indian Ocean (SWIO) islands (Mayotte). In order to be better prepared for upcoming outbreaks, to predict its introduction in RVFV unscathed countries, and to run efficient surveillance programmes, the priority is harmonising and improving the diagnostic capacity of endemic countries and/or countries considered to be at risk of RVF. A serological inter-laboratory proficiency test (PT) was implemented to assess the capacity of veterinary laboratories to detect antibodies against RVFV. A total of 18 laboratories in 13 countries in the Middle East, North Africa, South Africa, and the Indian Ocean participated in the initiative. Two commercial kits and two in-house serological assays for the detection of RVFV specific IgG antibodies were tested. Sixteen of the 18 participating laboratories (88.9%) used commercial kits, the analytical performance of test sensitivity and specificity based on the seroneutralisation test considered as the reference was 100%. The results obtained by the laboratories which used the in-house assay were correct in only one of the two criteria (either sensitivity or specificity). In conclusion, most of the laboratories performed well in detecting RVFV specific IgG antibodies and can therefore be considered to be prepared. Three laboratories in three countries need to improve their detection capacities. Our study demonstrates the importance of conducting regular proficiency tests to evaluate the level of preparedness of countries and of building a network of competent laboratories in terms of laboratory diagnosis to better face future emerging diseases in emergency conditions.

Published
2021
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3. Fast, Sensitive and Specific Detection of Thailand orthohantavirus and its Variants Using One-Step Real-Time Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

Author

Harinirina Aina Rabemananjara, Sandra Telfer, Jean Marc Reynes, Vololoniaina Raharinosy, Danielle Rakoto, Jean-Michel Heraud, Claudia Filippone, Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Faculté des Sciences - Université d'Antananarivo, Université d'Antananarivo, Unité Peste - Plague Unit [Antananarivo, Madagascar], Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Aberdeen], University of Aberdeen, Biologie des Infections Virales Émergentes - Biology of Emerging Viral Infections (UBIVE), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie (CIRI), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), This study was supported by the Programme Transversal de Recherche (PTR 505) funded by the Institut Pasteur International Network. V.R. was also supported though Girard’s fellowship undergraduate program from the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar and traineeship grants Calmette and Yersin program from the Institut Pasteur International Network., We would like to express our gratitude to the staff of the Plague Central Laboratory Unit, Institut Pasteur de Madagascar: Minoarisoa Rajerison, Fehivola Mandanirina Andriamiarimanana, and Soanandrasana Rahelinirina for conducting the field work and for providing samples., Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Reynes, Jean-Marc, and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Specific detection, 030106 microbiology, Thailand orthohantavirus, Genetic variants, lcsh:QR1-502, Computational biology, Biology, lcsh:Microbiology, 3. Good health, Real-time RT-PCR, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Indian ocean, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Hantavirus
Abstract

International audience; Genetic variants of Thailand orthohantavirus (THAIV) have been recently reported from rodents in South-East Asia and in islands from the South-West part of the Indian Ocean. In order to detect THAIV and its variants, we developed a sensitive and specific real-time RT-PCR targeting the S segment. Our assay was developed in two different RT-PCR systems that gave similar results in terms of sensitivity. Moreover, our results demonstrated a specificity of 100%.

Published
2019
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4. Simian Immunodeficiency Virus seroreactivity in inhabitants from rural Cameroon frequently in contact with non-human primates

Author

Arnaud Fontanet, Antoine Gessain, Claudia Filippone, Fabienne De Oliveira, Edouard Betsem, Jean-Christophe Plantier, Laura Schaeffer, Véronique Lemée, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Groupe de Recherche sur l'Adaptation Microbienne (GRAM 2.0), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), This work was supported by the Institut Pasteur and the Investissement d’ Avenir program, as part of a Laboratoire d’ Excellence (LabEx) research program: Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IBEID), and the CHU de Rouen. Claudia Filippone was supported by the European programs EDENext (No. 261504) and EMPERIE (No. 223498). Edouard Betsem was supported by the 'Service de Coopération et de l'Action Culturelle (SCAC) ’of the French embassy in Yaounde, Cameroon and the ‘Institut National pour le Cancer ’ (France)., European Project: 261504,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,EDENEXT(2011), European Project: 223498,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2007-B,EMPERIE(2009), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, and Pasteur-Cnam risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Cross-sectional study, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cross-species transmission, Simian foamy virus, MESH: Pan troglodytes, Simian, Seroreactivity, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Simian foamy virus, Bite, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Surveys and Questionnaires, Zoonoses, MESH: Child, MESH: Animals, Bites and Stings, Cameroon, Young adult, Child, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, education.field_of_study, Pygmies, Central Africa, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, virus diseases, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, MESH: Bites and Stings, SIV, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, MESH: Retroviridae Infections, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, MESH: Cercopithecus, Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1, MESH: Zoonoses, Adult, Adolescent, Pan troglodytes, MESH: Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1, Population, MESH: Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, Cercopithecus, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, Virology, medicine, Animals, Humans, Risk factor, MESH: Surveys and Questionnaires, education, Aged, MESH: Adolescent, Gorilla gorilla, MESH: Humans, MESH: Gorilla gorilla, MESH: Child, Preschool, HIV, MESH: Adult, Simian immunodeficiency virus, MESH: Cameroon, biology.organism_classification, Non-human primate, MESH: Male, 030104 developmental biology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Immunology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female, Retroviridae Infections
Abstract

International audience; Central African tropical forests are home to several species of non-human primates (NHPs), infected by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). It is well-known that HIV-1 epidemic is due to cross-transmission and adaptation of SIV to humans. The main goal of this work was to investigate if a NHP bite is a risk factor for SIV acquisition. A cross-sectional study was performed in rural Cameroon on 246 bitten individuals (mostly by adult NHPs), matched, according to sex, age, and ethnicity (Bantus and Pygmies), with an equal number of not-bitten subjects. Following a serological assay for a wide range of SIVs, we observed a high level of indeterminate seroreactivity (25.8%) in the total population, whereas 68.9% were sero-negative and 5.3% HIV-1 positive. Bites do not appear to be a risk factor for SIV seroreactivity, in contrast to Simian Foamy Virus and Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 in the same studied population.

Published
2017
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5. A Severe Bite From a Nonhuman Primate Is a Major Risk Factor for HTLV-1 Infection in Hunters From Central Africa

Author

Patricia Tortevoye, Olivier Cassar, Arnaud Fontanet, Antoine Gessain, Sylviane Bassot, Claudia Filippone, Edouard Betsem, Alain Froment, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Musée de l'homme (M.H), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes - Emerging Diseases Epidemiology, Pasteur-Cnam Risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM), This work was supported by Institut Pasteur and the Investissement d'Avenir program, as part of a Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) research program: Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases. Claudia Filippone was supported by the European programs EMPERIE and EDENext. Edouard Betsem was supported by the Service de Coopération et de l'Action Culturelle of the French Embassy in Yaoundé, Cameroon, by the Institut National pour le Cancer and the Virus Cancer Prevention Association in Paris, France (Prof. Guy de Thé)., ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), European Project: 223498,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2007-B,EMPERIE(2009), European Project: 261504,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,EDENEXT(2011), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé], Musée de l'Homme, Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Pasteur-Cnam risques infectieux et émergents (PACRI), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID,IBEID,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'(2010), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris]

Subjects
Male, viruses, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gorilla, Simian foamy virus, Simian, Antibodies, Viral, MESH: Primates, MESH: Antibodies, Viral/blood, Serology, Risk Factors, Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Risk Factors, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, MESH: Animals, Bites and Stings, Cameroon, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, severe bite, Middle Aged, Provirus, Occupational Diseases, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Bites and Stings/complications, MESH: Cameroon/epidemiology, Female, MESH: Occupational Diseases/epidemiology, Adult, Primates, Microbiology (medical), nonhuman primates, Blotting, Western, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: HTLV-I Infections/epidemiology, MESH: Cross-Sectional Studies, biology.animal, viral cross-species transmission, Animals, Humans, MESH: Blotting, Western, Risk factor, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Seroepidemiologic Studies, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, HTLV-1/STLV-1, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, HTLV-I Infections, Virology, MESH: Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Immunology, HTLV-1STLV-1, HTLV-1 Infection, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract

Background. HTLV-1 infection is endemic to Central African populations. The risk factors for HTLV-1 acquisition in humans via the interspecies transmission of STLV-1 (its simian counterpart) remain largely unknown. Methods. We studied 269 individuals (254 men, 15 women) bitten by a nonhuman primate (NHP), mostly during hunting activities. These, Pygmies and Bantus, living in the southern Cameroonian rainforest, were matched for sex, age, and ethnicity with individuals from the same settlements reporting no NHP bites. HTLV-1 serology was performed by Western blot on plasma samples. PCR was carried out for HTLV-1 provirus on buffy-coat DNAs. The amplified products were sequenced and analyzed by phylogenetic analyses. Results. HTLV-1 prevalence was 8.6% (23/269) in individuals with bites, vs 1.5% (4/269) in matched controls (P < .001). Moreover, HTLV-1 infection was linked to bite severity. The 23 HTLV-1-positive bitten individuals reported being bitten by a gorilla (17), chimpanzee (3), or small monkey (3). Thirteen (56%) were coinfected with a simian foamy virus known to be acquired through severe bites. Mother-to-child infection was excluded in 6 HTLV-1-infected bitten individuals. All the HTLV-1-positive hunters bitten by a gorilla or chimpanzee were infected with a subtype B strain similar to that present in apes from the same area. Two hunters bitten by small monkeys (C. agilis in one case) were infected with a HTLV-1 subtype F strain very similar to the STLV-1 strains present in such monkeys. Conclusions. These results strongly suggest ongoing direct zoonotic acquisition of STLV-1 in humans through severe NHP bites during hunting activities.

Published
2015
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6. Discovery of hantavirus circulating among Rattus rattus in French Mayotte island, Indian Ocean

Author

Claudia Filippone, Lénaı¨g Halos, Gwenaël Vourc’h, Guillaume Castel, Denise A. Marston, Richard J. Ellis, Philippe Marianneau, Corinne Jallet, Séverine Murri, Emma L. Wise, Myriam Ermonval, Lorraine M. McElhinney, Noël Tordo, Amélie Desvars, Frédérik Beaulieux, Anthony R. Fooks, Stratégies antivirales, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Anses-Laboratoire de Lyon, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal Health and Veterinary Laboratories Agency (AHVLA), Animal Epidemiology Research Unit, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Mérial [Lyon], Mérial, This study was supported by the EU FP7 programmes: EDENext (no. 261504), EMPERIE (no. 223498), ANTIGONE (no. 278976)and the Research Infrastructure Grant European Virus Archive (no. 19 228292).A. R. F. was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics Program (RAPIDD), Science and TechnologyDirectorate, US Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, US National Institutes of Health. Sampling was supported by the French Research National Agency ChikAni (ANRno. 06SEST06), European Project: 261504,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,EDENEXT(2011), European Project: 223498,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2007-B,EMPERIE(2009), European Project: 278976,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2011-two-stage,ANTIGONE(2011), European Project: 228292,EC:FP7:INFRA,FP7-INFRASTRUCTURES-2008-1,EVA(2009), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire de Lyon [ANSES], Université de Lyon-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Centre de Recherche Clinique [Lyon], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), University of Liverpool, Unité de Recherche d'Épidémiologie Animale (UR EpiA), This study was supported by the EU FP7 programmes: EDENext (no. 261504), EMPERIE (no. 223498), ANTIGONE (no. 278976) and the Research Infrastructure Grant European Virus Archive (no. 19 228292). We thank Sandra Lacote (Virology Unit, Anses-Laboratoire, Lyon, France) for helping during RNA extraction. A. R. F. was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics Program (RAPIDD), Science and Technology Directorate, US Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, US National Institutes of Health. Sampling was supported by the French Research National Agency ChikAni (ANR no. 06SEST06)., Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, Rodent Diseases, Orthohantavirus, Rodent, Hantavirus Infections, Short Communication, animal diseases, viruses, Prevalence, Thailand virus, Comoros, 03 medical and health sciences, Phylogenetics, Virology, biology.animal, Animals, Phylogeny, Hantavirus, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Genetic Variation, virus diseases, biology.organism_classification, Rats, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Female, Hantavirus Infection
Abstract

International audience; Hantaviruses are emerging zoonotic viruses that cause human diseases. In this study, sera from 642 mammals from La Réunion and Mayotte islands (Indian Ocean) were screened for the presence of hantaviruses by molecular analysis. None of the mammals from La Réunion island was positive, but hantavirus genomic RNA was discovered in 29/160 (18 %) Rattus rattus from Mayotte island. The nucleoprotein coding region was sequenced from the liver and spleen of all positive individuals allowing epidemiological and intra-strain variability analyses. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete coding genomic sequences showed that this Murinae-associated hantavirus is a new variant of Thailand virus. Further studies are needed to investigate hantaviruses in rodent hosts and in Haemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) human cases.

Published
2016
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7. Molecular diagnostic and genetic characterization of highly pathogenic viruses: application during Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus outbreaks in Eastern Europe and the Middle East

Author

Noël Tordo, S. Chinikar, Antoine Gessain, T. Avsic-Zupanc, Claudia Filippone, Séverine Murri, N. Mollard, Philippe Marianneau, Nicolas Berthet, Valérie Caro, Philippe Desprès, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Lyon [ANSES], Université de Lyon-Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Biologie des Infections Virales Émergentes - Biology of Emerging Viral Infections (UBIVE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Centre national de Référence Fièvres hémorragiques virales - Biologie des infections virales émergentes (UBIVE) (CNR FHV - UBIVE), Institute of Microbiology and Immunology - Inštitut za mikrobiologijo in imunologijo [Ljubljana, Slovenia], Department of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers [Tehran], Institut Pasteur d'Iran, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Interactions Moléculaires Flavivirus-Hôtes, Génotypage des Pathogènes et Santé Publique (Plate-forme) (PF8), Stratégies Antivirales, This research was financially supported by PTR no 426-DEVA, by Grant no. UC1 AI062613 (Kennedy) from the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, by Total-Institut Pasteur Foundation and by three European programmes including CCHFV studies: (i) the FP7 Coordination and Support Action ‘ARBO–ZOONET’ no. 211757, an International Network for Capacity Building for the Control of Emerging Vector-Borne Zoonotic Diseases, particularly CCHF, Rift Valley Haemorrhagic Fever and West-Nile Fever (Coordination: Michèle Bouloy), (ii) the FP7 Large-Scale Integrating Research Project ‘EMPERIE’ no. 223498, an European Management Platform for Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Disease Entities (Coordination: Albertus Osterhaus), (iii) the FP7 Large-Scale Integrating Research Project ‘EDENEXT’ no. 261504 on Biology and control of vector-borne infections in Europe (Coordination: Renaud Lancelot). Claudia Filippone is financially supported by a postdoctoral grant from Ile de France (DIM) and by the FP7 ‘EMPERIE’. The platform ‘Genotyping of Pathogens and Public Health’ is supported in part by the Institut de Veille Sanitaire (Saint-Maurice, France)., We thank all members of the ‘Programme Transversal de Recherche’ PTR no. 426-DEVA at the Institut Pasteur, Paris: Félix Rey, Jean-Claude Manuguerra, Hervé Bourhy and Michèle Bouloy. We acknowledge the Foundation Mérieux, Lyon, for the availability of the Affymetrix station. We thank the ICAReB (Marie-Noelle Ungeheuer, Sylvie Gerbaud) and the PIRC at Institut Pasteur for assistance in complying with ethics guidelines. Animal experiments were conducted in the BioSafety Level 4 facilities (‘Jean Mérieux’ Laboratory, Lyon, France)., European Project: 211757,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2007-1,ARBO-ZOONET(2008), European Project: 223498,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2007-B,EMPERIE(2009), and European Project: 261504,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,EDENEXT(2011)

Subjects
Microbiology (medical), Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral, Paramyxoviridae, Arenaviridae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, Filoviridae, MESH: Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, Sensitivity and Specificity, Virus, Disease Outbreaks, 03 medical and health sciences, Flaviviridae, Middle East, Virology, differential diagnosis, Humans, Europe, Eastern, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, 030304 developmental biology, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Europe, Eastern, MESH: Humans, biology, viral zoonoses, 030306 microbiology, Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus, Outbreak, MESH: Hemorrhagic Fevers, Viral, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Sensitivity and Specificity, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Molecular Diagnostic Techniques, MESH: Middle East, MESH: Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Bunyaviridae, viral haemorrhagic fevers, microarray, MESH: Virology
Abstract

International audience; Several haemorrhagic fevers are caused by highly pathogenic viruses that must be handled in Biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment. These zoonotic infections have an important impact on public health and the development of a rapid and differential diagnosis in case of outbreak in risk areas represents a critical priority. We have demonstrated the potential of a DNA resequencing microarray (PathogenID v2.0) for this purpose. The microarray was first validated in vitro using supernatants of cells infected with prototype strains from five different families of BSL-4 viruses (e.g. families Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae and Paramyxoviridae). RNA was amplified based on isothermal amplification by Phi29 polymerase before hybridization. We were able to detect and characterize Nipah virus and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in the brains of experimentally infected animals. CCHFV was finally used as a paradigm for epidemics because of recent outbreaks in Turkey, Kosovo and Iran. Viral variants present in human sera were characterized by BLASTN analysis. Sensitivity was estimated to be 10(5) -10(6) PFU/mL of hybridized cDNA. Detection specificity was limited to viral sequences having ~13-14% of global divergence with the tiled sequence, or stretches of ~20 identical nucleotides. These results highlight the benefits of using the PathogenID v2.0 resequencing microarray to characterize geographical variants in the follow-up of haemorrhagic fever epidemics; to manage patients and protect communities; and in cases of bioterrorism.

Published
2013
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8. Genetic variability and integration of Merkel cell polyomavirus in Merkel cell carcinoma

Author

Caroline Robert, Olivier Cassar, Claire Martel-Jantin, Grégory Jouvion, Antoine Gessain, Martine Peter, Philippe Vielh, Gorana Tomasic, Marie-Hélène Aubriot-Lorton, Xavier Sastre-Garau, Tony Petrella, Claudia Filippone, Josette Brière, Laurent Mortier, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Curie [Paris], Département de biologie et pathologie médicales [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Laboratoire de recherche translationnelle, Direction de la recherche [Gustave Roussy], Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Service d'anatomo-pathologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de pathologie, Service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Histopathologie humaine et Modèles animaux, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Département de médecine oncologique [Gustave Roussy], We thank the Institut Pasteur, the Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (A09/1/5041, 2009) and La Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (RS10/75-1, 2010, RS11/75-63) for financial support. Claire Martel-Jantin was financially supported by the Ministère de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche (MESR) of France. Claudia Filippone was financially supported by the program 'DIM Maladies Infectieuses Parasitaires et Nosocomiales Emergentes' from Ile-de-France, and from the European Program 'EMPERIE'., European Project: 223498,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2007-B,EMPERIE(2009), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de pathologie [Dijon], Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Institut Curie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)

Subjects
Male, Skin Neoplasms, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Cell, Merkel cell polyomavirus, MESH: Antigens, Viral, Tumor/metabolism, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Merkel cell carcinoma, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Antigens, Viral, Tumor/genetics, MESH: Genetic Variation, Antigens, Viral, Tumor, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Polyomavirus Infections/virology, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Middle Aged, MESH: Merkel cell polyomavirus/isolation & purification, Stop codon, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, MESH: Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/virology, Viral load, Oncovirus, Binding domain, Viral integration, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, medicine, Humans, MESH: Skin Neoplasms/virology, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Polyomavirus Infections, MESH: Humans, Oncogenic viruses, Genetic Variation, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, Carcinoma, Merkel Cell, MESH: Merkel cell polyomavirus/genetics, Genetic variability, MESH: Female, MESH: Merkel cell polyomavirus/physiology
Abstract

International audience; Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is associated to Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC). We studied 113 MCC tumoral skin lesions originating from 97 patients. MCPyV detection was higher in fresh-frozen (FF) biopsies (94%) than in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded biopsies (39-47%). Mean viral load in FF tumor was of 7.5 copies per cell with a very wide range (0.01-95.4). Nineteen complete sequences of LTAg were obtained, mainly from FF biopsies when the viral load was high. Seventeen showed stop codons, all localized downstream of the pRb protein binding domain. Sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis showed that all sequences clustered in the large C clade of MCPyV strains. MCPyV integration was demonstrated in 19 out of 27 FF MCC DNA biopsies without evidence of specific host cellular genome integration site. In 13/19 cases, the viral junction was located within the second exon of the LTAg, after the pRB binding domain.

Published
2012
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9. Resequencing Microarray Technology for Genotyping Human Papillomavirus in Cervical Smears

Author

Nicolas Berthet, Claudia Filippone, Isabelle Heard, Michel Favre, Christine Bole-Feysot, Michaël Falguières, Sylvain Brisse, Antoine Gessain, Chloé Bertolus, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de Référence pour les Papillomavirus Humains - Génétique, Papillomavirus et Cancer Humain (CNR-HPV), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IMAGINE - U1163), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génotypage des Pathogènes et Santé Publique (Plate-forme) (PF8), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Génétique, Papillomavirus et Cancer Humain, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de Référence pour les Papillomavirus Humains - Génétique, Papillomavirus et Cancer Humain ( CNR-HPV ), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses ( CIMI ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Chirurgie Maxillo-faciale et stomatologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques ( IMAGINE - U1163 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Génotypage des Pathogènes et Santé Publique (Plate-forme) ( PF8 ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire

Subjects
Viral Diseases, Microarray, Microarrays, Gynecologic Infections, lcsh:Medicine, Alphapapillomavirus, 0302 clinical medicine, Genotype, Medicine and Health Sciences, Cluster Analysis, lcsh:Science, Phylogeny, Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Multidisciplinary, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cervical smears, 3. Good health, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Infectious Diseases, Bioassays and Physiological Analysis, Medical Microbiology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Research Article, Human Papillomavirus Infection, food.ingredient, Molecular Sequence Data, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Biology, Research and Analysis Methods, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Virology, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Humans, Clinical significance, Genotyping, 030304 developmental biology, DNA Primers, Vaginal Smears, Base Sequence, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Computational Biology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Viral Classification, DNA, Viral, Gene chip analysis, Women's Health, lcsh:Q, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

International audience; There are more than 40 human papillomaviruses (HPVs) belonging to the alpha genus that cause sexually transmitted infections; these infections are among the most frequent and can lead to condylomas and anogenital intra-epithelial neoplasia. At least 18 of these viruses are causative agents of anogenital carcinomas. We evaluated the performance of a resequencing microarray for the detection and genotyping of alpha HPV of clinical significance using cloned HPV DNA. To reduce the number of HPV genotypes tiled on microarray, we used reconstructed ancestral sequences (RASs) as they are more closely related to the various genotypes than the current genotypes are among themselves. The performance of this approach was tested by genotyping with a set of 40 cervical smears already genotyped using the commercial PapilloCheck kit. The results of the two tests were concordant for 70% (28/40) of the samples and compatible for 30% (12/40). Our findings indicate that RASs were able to detect and identify one or several HPV in clinical samples. Associating RASs with homonym sequences improved the genotyping of HPV present in cases of multiple infection. In conclusion, we demonstrate the diagnostic potential of resequencing technology for genotyping of HPV, and illustrate its value both for epidemiological studies and for monitoring the distribution of HPV in the post-vaccination era.

Published
2014
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10. Molecular epidemiology of merkel cell polyomavirus: evidence for geographically related variant genotypes

Author

Antoine Gessain, Antoine Touzé, Patricia Tortevoye, Claire Martel-Jantin, Claudia Filippone, P. Coursaget, Edouard Betsem, Stéphane Descorps-Declère, Philippe V. Afonso, Nicolas Berthet, Maryse Crouzat, Olivier Cassar, Jérôme T. J. Nicol, Cellule Pasteur, PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes (EPVO (UMR_3569 / U-Pasteur_3)), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé], Bioanalyse génomique (Plate-Forme), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Infectiologie Santé Publique (ISP-311), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Territorial de Noumea, This work was financially supported by the French Government’s Investissement d’Avenir program Laboratoire d’Excellence, Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases (grant no. ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID), by the Institut Pasteur in Paris, France, by la Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (A09/1/5041, 2009 and 2013), and by la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (RS10/75-1, RS11/75-63, and RS14/75-78)., ANR-10-LABX-62-IBEID,IBEID,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases'(2010), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut Pasteur [Paris], Université de Yaoundé I, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), ANR-10-LABX-0062,IBEID,Integrative Biology of Emerging Infectious Diseases(2010), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)

Subjects
Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Merkel cell polyomavirus, Polymerase Chain Reaction, MESH: Genotype, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, Genotype, MESH: Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/epidemiology, MESH: DNA, Viral/genetics, MESH: Phylogeny, Phylogeny, Aged, 80 and over, 0303 health sciences, Molecular Epidemiology, MESH: Polyomavirus Infections/virology, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, MESH: Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods, MESH: Young Adult, Female, MESH: Carcinoma, Merkel Cell/virology, Microbiology (medical), Adult, Molecular Sequence Data, Cutaneous cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: Tumor Virus Infections/virology, Virology, Humans, MESH: Molecular Epidemiology, 030304 developmental biology, Polyomavirus Infections, MESH: Humans, MESH: Molecular Sequence Data, Molecular epidemiology, 030306 microbiology, MESH: Tumor Virus Infections/epidemiology, MESH: Adult, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Merkel cell polyomavirus/genetics, MESH: Male, Carcinoma, Merkel Cell, Tumor Virus Infections, DNA, Viral, MESH: Polyomavirus Infections/epidemiology, MESH: Female
Abstract

Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is linked to a cutaneous cancer mainly occurring in Caucasians. DNA from skin swabs of 255 adults, originating from the 5 continents, were subjected to MCPyV PCRs. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrate the existence of 5 major geographically related MCPyV genotypes (Europe/North America, Africa [sub-Saharan], Oceania, South America, and Asia/Japan).

Published
2014
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11. Epidemiological determinants and PCR results in Central African inhabitants with a new and frequent HTLV indeterminate Western Blot pattern exhibiting mostly p28, p32, p36, and a shifted GD21

Author

Sara Calattini, Sabine Plancoulaine, Sylviane Bassot, Antoine Gessain, Claudia Filippone, Edouard Betsem, Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences Biomédicales, Université de Yaoundé I, Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses (Inserm U980), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), BMC, Ed., Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Yaoundé I [Yaoundé], Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses ( Inserm U980 ), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 )

Subjects
lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy, medicine.medical_specialty, Bioinformatics, 03 medical and health sciences, Western blot, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Virology, Epidemiology, medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Plasma samples, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, Central africa, Mean age, 3. Good health, [ SDV.MHEP.MI ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Infectious Diseases, Meeting Abstract, biology.protein, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Antibody, Primer (molecular biology), Indeterminate, business, lcsh:RC581-607
Abstract

Material and methods In the framework of ongoing projets on HTLV-1/2 and related viruses in central Africa, we systematically analysed by WB, plasma from villagers living in south Cameroun. The studied group included 2155 individuals (mean age 44, range 2-90, 982 women/1173 men), either Bantous (1258) or Pygmies (897). All plasma samples were tested by WB (HTLV 2-4 MPD) with interpretation done according to manufacturer instructions. Only clear bands were considered as positive/informative. DNA extracted from buffy-coat were subjected to PCR using several primer pairs known to detect HTLV-1/2/ 3/4. Positive PCR bands were sequenced.

Published
2011
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