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1. Comparison of tropospheric NO2 columns from MAX-DOAS retrievals and regional air quality model simulations

Author

Blechschmidt, A.M., Arteta, J., Coman, A., Curiee, L., Eskes, H., Foret, G., Gielen, C., Hendrick, F., Marecal, V., Meleux, F., Parmentier, J., Peters, E., Pinardi, G., Piters, A.J.M., Plu, M., Richter, A., Segers, A., Sofiev, M., Valdebenito, A.M., Van Roozendael, M., Vira, J., Vlemmix, T., Burrows, J.P., Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
radiative-transfer, Science & Technology, transport model, Environmental Sciences & Ecology, ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION, optical-absorption spectroscopy, lotos-euros, RADIATIVE-TRANSFER, forecasting system, VERTICAL COLUMNS, WESTERN PACIFIC, Physical Sciences, TRANSPORT MODEL, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences, nitrogen-dioxide, OPTICAL-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY, OMI SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Environmental Sciences, NITROGEN-DIOXIDE, FORECASTING SYSTEM, LOTOS-EUROS
Abstract

International audience; Multi-axis differential optical absorption spec-troscopy (MAX-DOAS) tropospheric NO 2 column retrievals from four European measurement stations are compared to simulations from five regional air quality models which contribute to the European regional ensemble forecasts and re-analyses of the operational Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). Compared to other observational data usually applied for regional model evaluation, MAX-DOAS data are closer to the regional model data in terms of horizontal and vertical resolution, and multiple measurements are available during daylight, so that, for example, diurnal cycles of trace gases can be investigated. In general, there is good agreement between simulated and retrieved NO 2 column values for individual MAX-DOAS measurements with correlations between 35 % and 70 % for individual models and 45 % to 75 % for the ensemble median for tropospheric NO 2 vertical column densities (VCDs), indicating that emissions, transport and tropospheric chemistry of NO x are on average well simulated. However, large differences are found for individual pollution plumes observed by MAX-DOAS. Most of the models overestimate seasonal cycles for the majority of MAX-DOAS sites investigated. At the urban stations, weekly cycles are reproduced well, but the decrease towards the weekend is underestimated and diurnal cycles are overall not well represented. In particular , simulated morning rush hour peaks are not confirmed by MAX-DOAS retrievals, and models fail to reproduce observed changes in diurnal cycles for weekdays versus weekends. The results of this study show that future model development needs to concentrate on improving representation of diurnal cycles and associated temporal scalings.

Published
2020
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2. The effect of natural variability on atmospheric ozone measurements and their intercomparison

Author

Verhoelst, T., Granville, J., Hendrick, F., Hubert, D., Keppens, A., Köhler, U., Lerot, C., Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Redondas, A., Van Roozendaël, M., Lambert, J.-C., Cardon, Catherine, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Meteorologisches Observatorium Hohenpeißenberg (MOHp), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agencia Estatal de Meteorología (AEMet), and International Ozone Commission

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Several initiatives are ongoing to improve the traceability of atmospheric composition measurements to agreed standards, to quantify and reduce the measurement uncertainties, and to quantify and improve the mutual consistency of atmospheric data across ground-based networks and between satellite missions (e.g., WMO O3S-DQA, SI2N, ESA CCI and FRM projects, EU FP7 QA4ECV and EU H2020 GAIA-CLIM). With increasing data accuracy, natural variability has become a non-negligible source of error for single measurements, for their comparison, for their merging and for their assimilation in chemistry-transport models. Therefore a corresponding effort has been undertaken to quantify the specific uncertainties resulting from spatial inhomogeneities and temporal variability in the atmospheric field. Quantifying such uncertainties is for instance a key objective of the current EU H2020 project GAIA-CLIM.In this contribution, we present a detailed quantification of the impact of natural inhomogeneities and vari- ability on several corner-stone ozone observing systems and on the intercomparison of their data (both for validation and for merging purposes). This study is based on OSSEs (Observing System Simulation Experiments) of existing ozone observing systems carried out with the OSSSMOSE simulator, which includes explicit descrip- tion of multi-dimensional effects impacting the remote sensing of atmospheric ozone (Verhoelst et al., AMT, 2015). Simulations are presented for total ozone column and ozone profile measurements acquired by GAW- contributing reference networks (Brewer, Dobson, NDACC DOAS, GAW/NDACC/SHADOZ ozonesondes) and by nadir-viewing UV-visible satellites (GOME, SCIAMACHY, GOME-2, Sentinel-5p TROPOMI). Illustrations show how natural inhomogeneities and variability introduces additional uncertainties: on the representativeness of single measurements, on comparisons between different (imperfectly) co-located measurements, and on higher-level products based on an averaging of unevenly distributed data.As a generalization of these case-by-case results, we describe on the global scale how those additional un- certainties depend on measurement type, latitude, season, atmospheric phenomena etc., as this determines the fitness-for-purpose of the current ozone observing systems and provides valuable feedback for the de- sign/optimization of ground networks and satellite missions.

Published
2016

3. Evaluation of Satellites Total Ozone and NO2 columns retrievals using the NDACC-SAOZ UV-Vis Network

Author

Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Goutail, Florence, Pazmino, Andrea, Ionov, Dmitry V., Hendrick, F., van Roozendael, M., STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), V.A. Fock Institute of Physics (NIF), St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), and Cardon, Catherine

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Among the main objectives of the Network for Detection of Atmospheric Composition Changes (NDACC) are the validation and eventually the correction of biases between long-term series of data provided by various satellite instruments. This presentation deals with the evaluation of satellite total ozone retrievals using observations performed by the NDACC/SAOZ UV-Vis spectrometers at all latitudes since 1988. Recently, the full series of SAOZ total ozone measurements in the visible Chappuis bands has been revised according to the spectral analysis and Air Mass Factor (AMF) settings recommended by the NDACC UV-Vis Working Group (Hendrick et al., 2011). The comparison involves overpass observations from the TOMS, GOME-GDP4, SCIAMACHY-TOSOMI, SCIAMACHY-OL3, OMI-TOMS, OMI-DOAS and METOP-GOME-2 satellite instruments. Significant improvement is obtained after applying the new O3 AMFs, although systematic seasonal differences between SAOZ and all other instruments still remain. These are shown to originate from (i) stratospheric temperature and solar zenith angle (SZA) dependences in the satellites retrievals, (ii) longitudinal modulations and seasonal variations of tropospheric ozone columns not accounted for in the ozone profile climatology used for calculating the AMFs, and (iii) uncertainties on the climatological stratospheric ozone profiles in polar winter conditions. For those measurements mostly sensitive to stratospheric temperature like TOMS, OMI-TOMS or to SZA like SCIAMACHY-TOSOMI, the application of temperature and SZA corrections results in the almost complete removal of the seasonal difference with SAOZ, improving significantly the consistency between satellite and ground-based total ozone series. However, small but sometimes signi cant biases still remain after applying those corrections. A similar exercise is in progress with SAOZ NO2 data sets, using AMFs calculated from a profile climatology based on HALOE, SAGE II, POAM III and SAOZ balloon profiles. The consistency with GOME/ERS2, SCIAMACHY/ENVISAT and OMI/AURA NO2 total columns is currently examined. In this presentation, we will focus on the resulting evaluation of ozone and NO2 total columns biases, temperature and SZA dependences of the various satellite instruments.

Published
2012

4. Validation of ACE and OSIRIS ozone and NO2 measurements using ground-based instruments at 80° N

Author

Adams, C., Strong, K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Brohede, S., Boone, C., Degenstein, D., Daffer, W. H., Drummond, J. R., Fogal, P. F., Farahani, E., Fayt, C., Fraser, A., Goutail, Florence, Hendrick, F., Kolonjari, F., Lindenmaier, R., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Mendonca, J., Park, J.-H., Pavlovic, B., Pazmino, Andrea, Roth, C., Savastiouk, V., Walker, K. A., Weaver, D., Zhao, X., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, NCAR Earth Systems Laboratory (NESL), National Center for Atmospheric Research [Boulder] (NCAR), Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry [Norfolk], Old Dominion University [Norfolk] (ODU), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), School of Geosciences [Edinburgh], University of Edinburgh, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Air Quality Research Division [Toronto], Environment and Climate Change Canada, York University [Toronto], Full Spectrum Science Inc. [Toronto], National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Belgian PRODEX SECPEA and A3C projects, European Commission, European Project: GEOMON, European Project: 284421,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2011-1,NORS(2011), and California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, lcsh:TA170-171, lcsh:Environmental engineering
Abstract

The Optical Spectrograph and Infra-Red Imager System (OSIRIS) and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE) have been taking measurements from space since 2001 and 2003, respectively. This paper presents intercomparisons between ozone and NO2 measured by the ACE and OSIRIS satellite instruments and by ground-based instruments at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL), which is located at Eureka, Canada (80° N, 86° W) and is operated by the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC). The ground-based instruments included in this study are four zenith-sky differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) instruments, one Bruker Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and four Brewer spectrophotometers. Ozone total columns measured by the DOAS instruments were retrieved using new Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change (NDACC) guidelines and agree to within 3.2%. The DOAS ozone columns agree with the Brewer spectrophotometers with mean relative differences that are smaller than 1.5%. This suggests that for these instruments the new NDACC data guidelines were successful in producing a homogenous and accurate ozone dataset at 80° N. Satellite 14-52 km ozone and 17-40 km NO2 partial columns within 500 km of PEARL were calculated for ACE-FTS Version 2.2 (v2.2) plus updates, ACE-FTS v3.0, ACE-MAESTRO (Measurements of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation) v1.2 and OSIRIS SaskMART v5.0x ozone and Optimal Estimation v3.0 NO2 data products. The new ACE-FTS v3.0 and the validated ACE-FTS v2.2 partial columns are nearly identical, with mean relative differences of 0.0 ± 0.2% for ozone and -0.2 ± 0.1% for v2.2 minus v3.3 NO2. Ozone columns were constructed from 14-52 km satellite and 0-14 km ozonesonde partial columns and compared with the ground-based total column measurements. The satellite-plus-sonde measurements agree with the ground-based ozone total columns with mean relative differences of 0.1-7.3%. For NO2, partial columns from 17 km upward were scaled to noon using a photochemical model. Mean relative differences between OSIRIS, ACE-FTS and ground-based NO2 measurements do not exceed 20%. ACE-MAESTRO measures more NO2 than the other instruments, with mean relative differences of 25-52%. Seasonal variation in the differences between partial columns is observed, suggesting that there are systematic errors in the measurements, the photochemical model corrections, and/or in the coincidence criteria. For ozone spring-time measurements, additional coincidence criteria based on stratospheric temperature and the location of the polar vortex were found to improve agreement between some of the instruments. For ACE-FTS v2.2 minus Bruker FTIR, the 2007-2009 spring-time mean relative difference improved from -5.0 ± 0.4% to -3.1 ± 0.8% with the dynamical selection criteria. This was the largest improvement, likely because both instruments measure direct sunlight and therefore have well-characterized lines-of-sight compared with scattered sunlight measurements. For NO2, the addition of a ±1° latitude coincidence criterion improved spring-time intercomparison results, likely due to the sharp latitudinal gradient of NO2 during polar sunrise. The differences between satellite and ground-based measurements do not show any obvious trends over the missions, indicating that both the ACE and OSIRIS instruments continue to perform well.

Published
2012
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5. Intercomparison of slant column measurements of NO2 and O4 by MAX-DOAS and zenith-sky UV and visible spectrometers

Author

Roscoe, Howard K., Van Roozendael, Michel, Fayt, C., Du Piesanie, A., Abuhassan, N., Adams, C., Akrami, M., Cede, A., Chong, J., Clémer, K., Friess, U., Gil Ojeda, M., Goutail, Florence, Graves, R., Griesfeller, Alexandra, Grossmann, K., Hemerijckx, G., Hendrick, F., Herman, J., Hermans, C., Irie, H., Johnston, P. V., Kanaya, Y., Kreher, K., Leigh, R., Merlaud, A., Mount, G. H., Navarro, M., Oetjen, H., Pazmino, Andrea, Perez-Camacho, M., Peters, E., Pinardi, G., Puentedura, O., Richter, A., Schönhardt, A., Shaiganfar, R., Spinei, E., Strong, K., Takashima, H., Vlemmix, T., Vrekoussis, M., Wagner, T., Wittrock, F., Yela, M., Yilmaz, S., Boersma, F., Hains, J., Kroon, M., Piters, A., Kim, Y. J., British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System, Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemistry [Leicester], University of Leicester, Research Institute for Global Change (RIGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Lauder] (NIWA), WSU Laboratory for Atmospheric Research, Washington State University (WSU), School of Chemistry [Leeds], University of Leeds, Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie (MPIC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, and Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:TA715-787, lcsh:Earthwork. Foundations, lcsh:TA170-171, lcsh:Environmental engineering
Abstract

International audience; In June 2009, 22 spectrometers from 14 institutes measured tropospheric and stratospheric NO2 from the ground for more than 11 days during the Cabauw Intercomparison Campaign of Nitrogen Dioxide measuring Instruments (CINDI), at Cabauw, NL (51.97° N, 4.93° E). All visible instruments used a common wavelength range and set of cross sections for the spectral analysis. Most of the instruments were of the multi-axis design with analysis by differential spectroscopy software (MAX-DOAS), whose non-zenith slant columns were compared by examining slopes of their least-squares straight line fits to mean values of a selection of instruments, after taking 30-min averages. Zenith slant columns near twilight were compared by fits to interpolated values of a reference instrument, then normalised by the mean of the slopes of the best instruments. For visible MAX-DOAS instruments, the means of the fitted slopes for NO2 and O4 of all except one instrument were within 10% of unity at almost all non-zenith elevations, and most were within 5%. Values for UV MAX-DOAS instruments were almost as good, being 12% and 7%, respectively. For visible instruments at zenith near twilight, the means of the fitted slopes of all instruments were within 5% of unity. This level of agreement is as good as that of previous intercomparisons, despite the site not being ideal for zenith twilight measurements. It bodes well for the future of measurements of tropospheric NO2, as previous intercomparisons were only for zenith instruments focussing on stratospheric NO2, with their longer heritage.

Published
2010
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6. Homogenization of UV-Visible NDACC spectrometers reprocessing for ozone and NO2

Author

Pazmino, Andrea, Goutail, Florence, Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Pastel, Maud, Ionov, Dmitry V., Hendrick, F., Van Roozendael, M., Evans, R., Dorokhov, V., Kyro, E., Heikkinen, P., Eriksen, P., Held, G., Cardon, Catherine, STRATO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Physics [St Petersburg], St Petersburg State University (SPbU), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Central Aerological Observatory (CAO), Russian Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring (Roshydromet), Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI), Institute of Seismology, Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI), Instituto de Pesquisas Meteorológicas (IPMet), and Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

SAOZ is a ground-based UV-Visible zenith-sky spectrometer deployed since 1988 at a number of NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) stations at all latitudes on the globe. The instrument is providing ozone and NO2 total columns at sunrise and sunset using the Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) technique in the visible spectral range. SAOZ observations have been used extensively to validate various atmospheric chemistry satellite instruments such as nadir viewing TOMS, GOME, SCIAMACHY, OMI and GOME-2. The NDACC UV-Visible working group initiated a tentative homogenization of ozone and NO2 processing of all UV-Vis zenith sky spectrometers as one of its objectives. The first recommendation is concerning the total ozone retrieval. A significant change for the SAOZ network is the use of different cross-sections (O3, NO2, H2O, O4, and Ring calculations) and different spectral window fitting range, which leads to a recalculation of the slant columns. In addition, it is recommended to use a climatological air mass factor (AMF) instead of an annual AMF usually used in standard SAOZ processing. Here we present the results of comparisons between TOMS (since 1988), GOME (since 1995), SCIAMACHY (since 2002), OMI (since 2004), GOME-2 (since 2006) and SAOZ at all latitudes - tropics, mid-latitudes and Polar Regions - in both hemispheres. In the case of ozone, the NDACC recommendations resulted in a significant improvement of the differences between ground-based SAOZ and measurements from space. Preliminary results of NO2 SAOZ columns, using climatological AMF, are also presented and compared to different satellites, such as GOME, SCIAMACHY and OMI.

Published
2010

7. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author

Kerzenmacher, T., Wolff, M. A., Strong, K., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Berthet, Gwenaël, Blumenstock, T., Boone, C. D., Bramstedt, K., Brogniez, C., Brohede, S., Burrows, J. P., Catoire, Valéry, Dodion, J., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Funke, B., Fussen, D., Goutail, Florence, Griffith, D. W. T., Haley, C. S., Hendrick, F., Höpfner, M., Huret, Nathalie, Jones, N., Kar, J., Kramer, I., Llewellyn, E. J., López-Puertas, M., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Melo, S., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Nichitiu, F., Notholt, J., Nowlan, C., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Randall, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Richter, A., Schneider, M., Schrems, O., Silicani, M., Stiller, G. P., Taylor, James, Tétard, C., Toohey, M., Vanhellemont, F., Warneke, T., Zawodny, J. M., Zou, J., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), School of Chemistry [Wollongong], University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] (ATOC), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica e Inorganica [Bologna], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung ( IMK ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Wollongong, Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), Canadian Space Agency ( CSA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences [Boulder] ( ATOC ), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research ( AWI ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), and Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO)

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, [ SDU.OCEAN ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract

Vertical profiles of NO2 and NO have been obtained from solar occultation measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), using an infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and (for NO2) an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer, MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation). In this paper, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO version 1.2 NO2 data are assessed using other solar occultation measurements (HALOE, SAGE II, SAGE III, POAM III, SCIAMACHY), stellar occultation measurements (GOMOS), limb measurements (MIPAS, OSIRIS), nadir measurements (SCIAMACHY), balloon-borne measurements (SPIRALE, SAOZ) and ground-based measurements (UV-VIS, FTIR). Time differences between the comparison measurements were reduced using either a tight coincidence criterion, or where possible, chemical box models. ACE-FTS NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO NO2 are generally consistent with the correlative data. The ACE-FTS and MAESTRO NO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree with the profiles from other satellite data sets to within about 20% between 25 and 40 km, with the exception of MIPAS ESA (for ACE-FTS) and SAGE II (for ACE-FTS (sunrise) and MAESTRO) and suggest a negative bias between 23 and 40 km of about 10%. MAESTRO reports larger VMR values than the ACE-FTS. In comparisons with HALOE, ACE-FTS NO VMRs typically (on average) agree to ±8% from 22 to 64 km and to +10% from 93 to 105 km, with maxima of 21% and 36%, respectively. Partial column comparisons for NO2 show that there is quite good agreement between the ACE instruments and the FTIRs, with a mean difference of +7.3% for ACE-FTS and +12.8% for MAESTRO.

Published
2008

8. Validation of NO2 and NO from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE)

Author

Kerzenmacher, T., Wolff, M. A., Strong, K., Dupuy, E., Walker, K. A., Amekudzi, L. K., Batchelor, R. L., Bernath, P. F., Berthet, G., Blumenstock, T., Boone, C. D., Bramstedt, K., Brogniez, C., Brohede, S., Burrows, J. P., Valéry CATOIRE, Dodion, J., Drummond, J. R., Dufour, D. G., Funke, B., Fussen, D., Goutail, F., Griffith, D. W. T., Haley, C. S., Hendrick, F., Hoepfner, M., Huret, N., Jones, N., Kar, J., Kramer, I., Llewellyn, E. J., Lopez-Puertas, M., Manney, G., Mcelroy, C. T., Mclinden, C. A., Melo, S., Mikuteit, S., Murtagh, D., Nichitiu, F., Notholt, J., Nowlan, C., Piccolo, C., Pommereau, J. -P, Randall, C., Raspollini, P., Ridolfi, M., Richter, A., Schneider, M., Schrems, O., Silicani, M., Stiller, G. P., Taylor, J., Tetard, C., Toohey, M., Vanhellemont, F., Warneke, T., Zawodny, J. M., Zou, J., Department of Physics [Toronto], University of Toronto, Department of Chemistry [Waterloo], University of Waterloo [Waterloo], Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, Department of Chemistry [York, UK], University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung (IMK-IFU), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Radio and Space Science [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science [Halifax], Dalhousie University [Halifax], Picomole Instruments Inc., Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Wollongong [Australia], Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] (CRESS), York University [Toronto], Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] (ISAS), Department of Physics and Engineering Physics [Saskatoon], University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S)-University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] (NMT), Environment and Climate Change Canada, Canadian Space Agency (CSA), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] (AOPP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica ed Inorganica, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung (AWI), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] (LaRC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Wollongong, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] ( IUP ), Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement ( LPCE ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung - Atmosphärische Umweltforschung ( IMK-IFU ), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie ( KIT ), Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 ( LOA ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique ( BIRA-IASB ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Service d'aéronomie ( SA ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre for Research in Earth and Space Science [Toronto] ( CRESS ), Institute of Space and Atmospheric Studies [Saskatoon] ( ISAS ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology [New Mexico Tech] ( NMT ), Canadian Space Agency ( CSA ), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic and Planetary Physics [Oxford] ( AOPP ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' ( IFAC ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Università di Bologna [Bologna] ( UNIBO ), Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung ( AWI ), NASA Langley Research Center [Hampton] ( LaRC ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), T. Kerzenmacher, M.A. Wolff, K. Strong, E. Dupuy, K.A. Walker, L.K. Amekudzi, R.L. Batchelor, P.F. Bernath, G. Berthet, T. Blumenstock, C.D. Boone, K. Bramstedt, C. Brogniez, S. Brohede, J.P. Burrow, V. Catoire, J. Dodion, J.R. Drummond, D.G. Dufour, B. Funke, D. Fussen, F. Goutail, D.W.T. Griffith, C.S. Haley, F. Hendrick, M. H\'opfner, N. Huret, N. Jone, J. Kar, I. Kramer, E.J. Llewellyn, M. Lopez-Puerta, G. Manney, C.T. McElroy, C.A. McLinden, S. Melo, S. Mikuteit, D. Murtagh, F. Nichitiu, J. Notholt, C. Nowlan, C. Piccolo, J.-P. Pommereau, C. Randall, P. Raspollini, M. Ridolfi, A. Richter, M. Schneider, O. Schrem, M. Silicani, G.P. Stiller, J. Taylor, C. Tetard, M. Toohey, F. Vanhellemont, T. Warneke, J.M. Zawodny, and J. Zou

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Vertical profiles of NO2 and NO have been obtained from solar occultation measurements by the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment (ACE), using an infrared Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and (for NO2) an ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared spectrometer, MAESTRO (Measurement of Aerosol Extinction in the Stratosphere and Troposphere Retrieved by Occultation). In this paper, the quality of the ACE-FTS version 2.2 NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO version 1.2 NO2 data are assessed using other solar occultation measurements (HALOE, SAGE II, SAGE III, POAM III, SCIAMACHY), stellar occultation measurements (GOMOS), limb measurements (MIPAS, OSIRIS), nadir measurements (SCIAMACHY), balloon-borne measurements (SPIRALE, SAOZ) and ground-based measurements (UV-VIS, FTIR). Time differences between the comparison measurements were reduced using either a tight coincidence criterion, or where possible, chemical box models. ACE-FTS NO2 and NO and the MAESTRO NO2 are generally consistent with the correlative data. The ACE-FTS and MAESTRO NO2 volume mixing ratio (VMR) profiles agree with the profiles from other satellite data sets to within about 20% between 25 and 40 km, with the exception of MIPAS ESA (for ACE-FTS) and SAGE II (for ACE-FTS (sunrise) and MAESTRO) and suggest a negative bias between 23 and 40 km of about 10%. MAESTRO reports larger VMR values than the ACE-FTS. In comparisons with HALOE, ACE-FTS NO VMRs typically (on average) agree to ±8% from 22 to 64 km and to +10% from 93 to 105 km, with maxima of 21% and 36%, respectively. Partial column comparisons for NO2 show that there is quite good agreement between the ACE instruments and the FTIRs, with a mean difference of +7.3% for ACE-FTS and +12.8% for MAESTRO.

Published
2008
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO2 operational data

Author

Wetzel, G., Bracher, A., Funke, B., Goutail, Florence, Hendrick, F., Lambert, J.-C., Mikuteit, S., Piccolo, C., Pirre, Michel, Bazureau, Ariane, Belotti, C., Blumenstock, T., De Mazière, M., Fischer, H., Huret, Nathalie, Ionov, D., López-Puertas, M., Maucher, G., Oelhaf, H., Pommereau, Jean-Pierre, Ruhnke, R., Sinnhuber, M., Stiller, G., Van Roozendael, M., Zhang, G., Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing [Bremen] (IUP/IFE), University of Bremen, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Oxford, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

International audience; The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instrument was launched aboard the environmental satellite ENVISAT into its sun-synchronous orbit on 1 March 2002. The short-lived species NO2 is one of the key target products of MIPAS that are operationally retrieved from limb emission spectra measured in the stratosphere and mesosphere. Within the MIPAS validation activities, a large number of independent observations from balloons, satellites and ground-based stations have been compared to European Space Agency (ESA) version 4.61 operational NO2 data comprising the time period from July 2002 until March 2004 where MIPAS measured with full spectral resolution. Comparisons between MIPAS and balloon-borne observations carried out in 2002 and 2003 in the Arctic, at mid-latitudes, and in the tropics show a very good agreement below 40 km altitude with a mean deviation of roughly 3%, virtually without any significant bias. The comparison to ACE satellite observations exhibits only a small negative bias of MIPAS which appears not to be significant. The independent satellite instruments HALOE, SAGE II, and POAM III confirm in common for the spring-summer time period a negative bias of MIPAS in the Arctic and a positive bias in the Antarctic middle and upper stratosphere exceeding frequently the combined systematic error limits. In contrast to the ESA operational processor, the IMK/IAA retrieval code allows accurate inference of NO2 volume mixing ratios under consideration of all important non-LTE processes. Large differences between both retrieval results appear especially at higher altitudes, above about 50 to 55 km. These differences might be explained at least partly by non-LTE under polar winter conditions but not at mid-latitudes. Below this altitude region mean differences between both processors remain within 5% (during night) and up to 10% (during day) under undisturbed (September 2002) conditions and up to 40% under perturbed polar night conditions (February and March 2004). The intercomparison of ground-based NDACC observations shows no significant bias between the FTIR measurements in Kiruna (68° N) and MIPAS in summer 2003 but larger deviations in autumn and winter. The mean deviation over the whole comparison period remains within 10%. A mean negative bias of 15% for MIPAS daytime and 8% for nighttime observations has been determined for UV-vis comparisons over Harestua (60° N). Results of a pole-to-pole comparison of ground-based DOAS/UV-visible sunrise and MIPAS mid-morning column data has shown that the mean agreement in 2003 falls within the accuracy limit of the comparison method. Altogether, it can be indicated that MIPAS NO2 profiles yield valuable information on the vertical distribution of NO2 in the lower and middle stratosphere (below about 45 km) during day and night with an overall accuracy of about 10–20% and a precision of typically 5–15% such that the data are useful for scientific studies. In cases where extremely high NO2 occurs in the mesosphere (polar winter) retrieval results in the lower and middle stratosphere are less accurate than under undisturbed atmospheric conditions.

Published
2007
Full Text
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10. Validation of MIPAS-ENVISAT NO2 operational data

Author

Wetzel, G., Astrid Bracher, Funke, B., Goutail, F., Hendrick, F., Lambert, J. C., Mikuteit, S., Piccolo, C., Pirre, M., Bazureau, A., Belotti, C., Blumenstock, T., Maziere, M., Fischer, H., Huret, N., Ionov, D., Lopez-Puertas, M., Maucher, G., Oelhaf, H., Pommereau, J. P., Ruhnke, R., Sinnhuber, M., Stiller, G., Roozendael, M., Zhang, G., Institut für Meteorologie und Klimaforschung (IMK), Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing [Bremen] (IUP/IFE), University of Bremen, Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Service d'aéronomie (SA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), University of Oxford [Oxford], Laboratoire de physique et chimie de l'environnement (LPCE), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Nello Carrara' (IFAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research (IMK), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Oxford, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, lcsh:QD1-999, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999
Abstract

The Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instrument was launched aboard the environmental satellite ENVISAT into its sun-synchronous orbit on 1 March 2002. The short-lived species NO2 is one of the key target products of MIPAS that are operationally retrieved from limb emission spectra measured in the stratosphere and mesosphere. Within the MIPAS validation activities, a large number of independent observations from balloons, satellites and ground-based stations have been compared to European Space Agency (ESA) version 4.61 operational NO2 data comprising the time period from July 2002 until March 2004 where MIPAS measured with full spectral resolution. Comparisons between MIPAS and balloon-borne observations carried out in 2002 and 2003 in the Arctic, at mid-latitudes, and in the tropics show a very good agreement below 40 km altitude with a mean deviation of roughly 3%, virtually without any significant bias. The comparison to ACE satellite observations exhibits only a small negative bias of MIPAS which appears not to be significant. The independent satellite instruments HALOE, SAGE II, and POAM III confirm in common for the spring-summer time period a negative bias of MIPAS in the Arctic and a positive bias in the Antarctic middle and upper stratosphere exceeding frequently the combined systematic error limits. In contrast to the ESA operational processor, the IMK/IAA retrieval code allows accurate inference of NO2 volume mixing ratios under consideration of all important non-LTE processes. Large differences between both retrieval results appear especially at higher altitudes, above about 50 to 55 km. These differences might be explained at least partly by non-LTE under polar winter conditions but not at mid-latitudes. Below this altitude region mean differences between both processors remain within 5% (during night) and up to 10% (during day) under undisturbed (September 2002) conditions and up to 40% under perturbed polar night conditions (February and March 2004). The intercomparison of ground-based NDACC observations shows no significant bias between the FTIR measurements in Kiruna (68° N) and MIPAS in summer 2003 but larger deviations in autumn and winter. The mean deviation over the whole comparison period remains within 10%. A mean negative bias of 15% for MIPAS daytime and 8% for nighttime observations has been determined for UV-vis comparisons over Harestua (60° N). Results of a pole-to-pole comparison of ground-based DOAS/UV-visible sunrise and MIPAS mid-morning column data has shown that the mean agreement in 2003 falls within the accuracy limit of the comparison method. Altogether, it can be indicated that MIPAS NO2 profiles yield valuable information on the vertical distribution of NO2 in the lower and middle stratosphere (below about 45 km) during day and night with an overall accuracy of about 10–20% and a precision of typically 5–15% such that the data are useful for scientific studies. In cases where extremely high NO2 occurs in the mesosphere (polar winter) retrieval results in the lower and middle stratosphere are less accurate than under undisturbed atmospheric conditions.

Published
2007
Full Text
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11. Comparison of box-air-mass-factors and radiances for Multiple-Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) geometries calculated from different UV/visible radiative transfer models

Author

Wagner, T., Burrows, J. P., Deutschmann, T., Dix, B., Friedeburg, C., Frieß, U., Hendrick, F., Heue, K. -P, Irie, H., Iwabuchi, H., Kanaya, Y., Keller, J., Mclinden, C. A., Oetjen, H., Palazzi, E., Petritoli, A., Platt, U., Oleg Postylyakov, Pukite, J., Richter, A., Roozendael, M., Rozanov, A., Rozanov, V., Sinreich, R., Sanghavi, S., Wittrock, F., EGU, Publication, Institut für Umweltphysik [Heidelberg], Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Institut für Umweltphysik [Bremen] (IUP), Universität Bremen, Wiley-VCH, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Frontier Research Center for Global Change (FRCGC), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Environment and Climate Change Canada, CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics (IAP), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Atmospheric Chemistry Department [MPIC], Max Planck Institute for Chemistry (MPIC), and Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics
Abstract

International audience; The results of a comparison exercise of radiative transfer models (RTM) of various international research groups for Multiple AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) viewing geometry are presented. Besides the assessment of the agreement between the different models, a second focus of the comparison was the systematic investigation of the sensitivity of the MAX-DOAS technique under various viewing geometries and aerosol conditions. In contrast to previous comparison exercises, box-air-mass-factors (box-AMFs) for different atmospheric height layers were modelled, which describe the sensitivity of the measurements as a function of altitude. In addition, radiances were calculated allowing the identification of potential errors, which might be overlooked if only AMFs are compared. Accurate modelling of radiances is also a prerequisite for the correct interpretation of satellite observations, for which the received radiance can strongly vary across the large ground pixels, and might be also important for the retrieval of aerosol properties as a future application of MAX-DOAS. The comparison exercises included different wavelengths and atmospheric scenarios (with and without aerosols). The strong and systematic influence of aerosol scattering indicates that from MAX-DOAS observations also information on atmospheric aerosols can be retrieved. During the various iterations of the exercises, the results from all models showed a substantial convergence, and the final data sets agreed for most cases within about 5%. Larger deviations were found for cases with low atmospheric optical depth, for which the photon path lengths along the line of sight of the instrument can become very large. The differences occurred between models including full spherical geometry and those using only plane parallel approximation indicating that the correct treatment of the Earth's sphericity becomes indispensable. The modelled box-AMFs constitute an universal data base for the calculation of arbitrary (total) AMFs by simple convolution with a given trace gas concentration profile. Together with the modelled radiances and the specified settings for the various exercises, they can serve as test cases for future RTM developments.

Published
2007

12. Intercomparison exercise between different radiative transfer models used for the interpretation of ground-based zenith-sky and multi-axis DOAS observations

Author

Hendrick, F., Roozendael, M., Arve Kylling, Petritoli, A., Rozanov, A., Sanghavi, S., Schofield, R., Friedeburg, C., Wagner, T., Wittrock, F., Fonteyn, D., Mazière, M., EGU, Publication, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), CNR Institute of Atmospheric Sciences and Climate (ISAC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Institute of Environmental Physics [Bremen] (IUP), University of Bremen, and National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Wellington] (NIWA)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

International audience; We present the results of an intercomparison exercise between six different radiative transfer (RT) models carried out in the framework of QUILT, an EU funded project based on the exploitation of the Network for the Detection of Stratospheric Change (NDSC). RT modeling is an important step in the interpretation of Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (DOAS) observations. It allows the conversion of the slant column densities (SCDs) into vertical column densities (VCDs) using calculated air mass factors (AMFs). The originality of our study resides in comparing SCD simulations in multi-axis (MAX) geometry (trace gases: NO2 and HCHO) and in taking into account the photochemical enhancement for calculating SCDs of rapidly photolysing species (BrO, NO2, and OClO) in zenith-sky geometry. Concerning the MAX simulations, good agreement is observed between the different models with the calculated NO2 and HCHO SCDs differing by no more than 5% in the elevation and solar zenith angles (SZA) ranges investigated (5°?20° and 35°?85°, respectively). The impacts of aerosol scattering, ground albedo, and relative azimuth on MAX simulations have also been tested. Large discrepancies appear for the aerosol effect, suggesting differences between models in the treatment of the aerosol scattering. A better agreement is obtained in the case of the ground albedo and relative azimuth effects. In zenith-sky geometry, the different models agree generally well, especially below 90° SZA. At higher SZA, larger discrepancies are observed with relative difference values between 2% and 14% in some cases. All the initialization data and results have been made publicly available through the QUILT project web site (http://nadir.nilu.no/quilt/), enabling the testing of other RT codes designed for the calculation of SCDs/AMFs.

Published
2005

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