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270 results on '"Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)"'

1. Disentangling the role of poultry farms and wild birds in the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in Europe

Author

Claire, Guinat, Cecilia, Valenzuela Agüí, Timothy G, Vaughan, Jérémie, Scire, Anne, Pohlmann, Christoph, Staubach, Jacqueline, King, Edyta, Świętoń, Ádám, Dán, Lenka, Černíková, Mariette F, Ducatez, Tanja, Stadler, Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering [ETH Zürich] (D-BSSE), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), National Veterinary Research Institute [Pulawy, Pologne] (NVRI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), State Veterinary Institute Prague, Interactions hôtes-agents pathogènes [Toulouse] (IHAP), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 842621., European Project: 777657,H2020-EU.1.3.3. - Stimulating innovation by means of cross-fertilisation of knowledge,777657,MSCA-RISE(2018), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)

Subjects
[SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, highly pathogenic avian influenza, virus transmission and evolution, phylodynamics, domestic-wildlife interface
Abstract

In winter 2016-7, Europe was severely hit by an unprecedented epidemic of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs), causing a significant impact on animal health, wildlife conservation, and livestock economic sustainability. By applying phylodynamic tools to virus sequences collected during the epidemic, we investigated when the first infections occurred, how many infections were unreported, which factors influenced virus spread, and how many spillover events occurred. HPAIV was likely introduced into poultry farms during the autumn, in line with the timing of wild birds' migration. In Germany, Hungary, and Poland, the epidemic was dominated by farm-to-farm transmission, showing that understanding of how farms are connected would greatly help control efforts. In the Czech Republic, the epidemic was dominated by wild bird-to-farm transmission, implying that more sustainable prevention strategies should be developed to reduce HPAIV exposure from wild birds. Inferred transmission parameters will be useful to parameterize predictive models of HPAIV spread. None of the predictors related to live poultry trade, poultry census, and geographic proximity were identified as supportive predictors of HPAIV spread between farms across borders. These results are crucial to better understand HPAIV transmission dynamics at the domestic-wildlife interface with the view to reduce the impact of future epidemics., Virus Evolution, 8 (2), ISSN:2057-1577

Published
2023

2. Guidance for creating individual and batch latinized binomial virus species names

Author

Postler, Thomas S., Rubino, Luisa, Adriaenssens, Evelien M., Dutilh, Bas E., Harrach, Balázs, Junglen, Sandra, Kropinski, Andrew M., Krupovic, Mart, Wada, Jiro, Crane, Anya, Kuhn, Jens H., Mushegian, Arcady, Rūmnieks, Jānis, Sabanadzovic, Sead, Simmonds, Peter, Varsani, Arvind, Zerbini, F. Murilo, Callanan, Julie, Draper, Lorraine A., Hill, Colin, Stockdale, Stephen R., Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, Sub Bioinformatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), CNR Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante [Torino, Italia] (IPSP), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Quadram Institute Bioscience [Norwich, U.K.] (QIB), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany], Utrecht University [Utrecht], Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Humboldt University Of Berlin, University of Guelph, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Microbiologie Intégrative et Moléculaire (UMR6047), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), National Science Foundation [Arlington] (NSF), Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre [Rīga], Mississippi State University [Mississippi], University of Oxford, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), University of Cape Town, Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), University College Cork (UCC), This work was supported in part through Laulima Government Solutions, LLC prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. A.C. and J.W. performed this work as employees or affiliates of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC under Contract No. HHSN272201800013C. This publication has emanated from research conducted with the financial support of Science Foundation Ireland under grant numbers SFI/12/RC/2273_P2 and SFI/14/SP APC/B3032 (J.C., L.A.D, C.H. and S.R.S). E.M.A. gratefully acknowledges the support of the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), this research was funded by the BBSRC Institute Strategic Program Gut Microbes and Health BB/R012490/1 and its constituent project(s) BBS/E/F/000PR10353 and BBS/E/F/000PR10356. B.E.D. was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Consolidator grant 865694: DiversiPHI and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany's Excellence Strategy EXC 2051 Project-ID 390713860. B.H. is supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office—NKFIH (NN140356). A.R.M. is a Program Director at the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), but the statements and opinions expressed herein are made in the personal capacity and do not constitute the endorsement by NSF or the government of the United States. S.S. acknowledges partial support from the Special Research Initiative (MAFES) USDA-ARS project 58-6066-9-033 and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Hatch Project 1021494., European Project: 865694,H2020-EU.1.1. - EXCELLENT SCIENCE - European Research Council (ERC),DiversiPHI(2020), Theoretical Biology and Bioinformatics, and Sub Bioinformatics

Subjects
Virus taxonomy, Binomial, virus nomenclature, virus taxonomy, Virus nomenclature, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, binomial, Ictv, ICTV, Virology, Latinization, Species name, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, species name
Abstract

The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses recently adopted, and is gradually implementing, a binomial naming format for virus species. Although full Latinization of these names remains optional, a standardized nomenclature based on Latinized binomials has the advantage of comparability with all other biological taxonomies. As a language without living native speakers, Latin is more culturally neutral than many contemporary languages, and words built from Latin roots are already widely used in the language of science across the world. Conversion of established species names to Latinized binomials or creation of Latinized binomials de novo may seem daunting, but the rules for name creation are straightforward and can be implemented in a formulaic manner. Here, we describe approaches, strategies and steps for creating Latinized binomials for virus species without prior knowledge of Latin. We also discuss a novel approach to the automated generation of large batches of novel genus and species names. Importantly, conversion to a binomial format does not affect virus names, many of which are created from local languages.

Published
2022

3. Parallel InAs nanowires for Cooper pair splitters with Coulomb repulsion

Author

Olivér Kürtössy, Zoltán Scherübl, Gergő Fülöp, István Endre Lukács, Thomas Kanne, Jesper Nygård, Péter Makk, Szabolcs Csonka, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), Laboratoire de Transport Electronique Quantique et Supraconductivité (LaTEQS), PHotonique, ELectronique et Ingénierie QuantiqueS (PHELIQS), Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), and University of Basel (Unibas)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], Condensed Matter::Materials Science, [SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, STATES, Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall), FOS: Physical sciences, SUPERCONDUCTOR, Condensed Matter Physics, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

Hybrid nanostructures consisting of two parallel InAs nanowires connected by an epitaxially grown superconductor (SC) shell recently became available. Due to the defect-free SC-semiconductor interface and the two quasi-one-dimensional channels being close by, these platforms can be utilized to spatially separate entangled pairs of electrons by using quantum dots (QD) in the so-called Cooper pair splitting (CPS) process. The minimized distance between the QDs overcomes the limitations of single-wire-based geometries and can boost the splitting efficiency. Here we investigate CPS in such a device where strong inter-dot Coulomb repulsion is also present and studied thoroughly. We analyze theoretically the slight reduction of the CPS efficiency imposed by the Coulomb interaction and compare it to the experiments. Despite the competition between crossed Andreev reflection (CAR) and inter-wire capacitance, a significant CPS signal is observed indicating the dominance of the superconducting coupling. Our results demonstrate that the application of parallel InAs nanowires with epitaxial SC is a promising route for the realization of parafermionic states relying on enhanced CAR between the wires.

Published
2022

4. Distinct invasion sources of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in Eastern and Western Europe

Author

Pierre Gladieux, Jacqui A. Shykoff, Benjamin J. Genton, Levente Kiss, Odile Jonot, Tatiana Giraud, Biologie et Génétique des Interactions Plante-Parasite (UMR BGPI), Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro), ANR : 07-BDIV-003, University Paris-Sud, and Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) : T046841, IN67377

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0303 health sciences, Ecology, biology, Range (biology), [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], Population genetics, Introduced species, [SDV.BID]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Eastern european, 03 medical and health sciences, Colonization, Genetic variability, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology
Abstract

International audience; The common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.; Asteraceae) is a North American native that is invading Eurasia. Besides its economic impact on crop yield, it presents a major health problem because of its highly allergenic pollen. The plant was imported inadvertently to Europe in the eighteenth century and has become invasive in several countries. By analyzing French and North American populations, it was previously shown that French populations were best described as a mixture of native sources and that range expansion in France probably involved sequential bottlenecks. Here, our aim was to determine whether Eastern European populations of A. artemisiifolia originated from the previously established French populations or from independent trans-Atlantic colonization events. We used nuclear microsatellite markers to elucidate the relationships among populations from Eastern and Western Europe in relation to populations from a broad survey across the native North American range. We found that A. artemisiifolia from Eastern Europe did not originate from the earlier established French populations but rather represents multiple independent introductions from other sources, or introductions from a not yet identified highly diverse native population. Eastern European populations show comparable amounts of genetic variability as do previously characterized French and North American populations, but analyses of population structure clearly distinguish the two European groups. This suggests separate introductions in Eastern and Western Europe as well as divergent sources for these two invasions, possibly as a result of distinct rules for trade and exchange for Eastern Europe during most of the twentieth century.

Published
2011

5. Temporal isolation explains host-related genetic differentiation in a group of widespread mycoparasitic fungi

Author

Kiss, Levente, Pintye, Alexandra, Kovacs, Gabor, Jankovics, Tunde, Fontaine, Michael, Harvey, Nick, Xu, Xiangming, Nicot, Philippe, Bardin, Marc, Shykoff, Jacqui, Giraud, Tatiana, Department of Plant Pathology, Plant Protection Institute [Budapest] (ATK NOVI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institute of Neurology, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Laboratoire de physique et mécanique des matériaux (LPMM), Université Paul Verlaine - Metz (UPVM)-Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine (INPL)-Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Metz (ENIM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), East Malling Research, Station de Pathologie Végétale (AVI-PATHO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Génétique et Écologie Évolutives, Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), AgroParisTech, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Genetic Marker Services, Partenaires INRAE, and Unité de Pathologie Végétale (PV)

Subjects
TRI-TROPHIC INTERACTIONS, microsatellite, séquence nucleique, Phytopathology and phytopharmacy, variabilité génétique, pommier, génétique moléculaire, Mycology, champignon phytopathogène, MYCOHOST SPECIALIZATION, épidémiologie végétale, ITS SEQUENCE, SPECIATION, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, arbre fruitier, ISOLATION IN TIME, malus domestica, [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], food and beverages, POWDERY MILDEW, Phytopathologie et phytopharmacie, PODOSPHAERA LEUCOTRICHA, Agricultural sciences, Mycologie, BIOTROPHIC PATHOGENS, AMPELOMYCES, marqueur moléculaire, Sciences agricoles
Abstract

International audience; Understanding the mechanisms responsible for divergence and specialization of pathogens on different hosts is of fundamental importance, especially in the context of the emergence of new diseases via host shifts. Temporal isolation has been reported in a few plants and parasites, but is probably one of the least studied speciation processes. We studied whether temporal isolation could be responsible for the maintenance of genetic differentiation among sympatric populations of Ampelomyces, widespread intracellular mycoparasites of powdery mildew fungi, themselves plant pathogens. The timing of transmission of Ampelomyces depends on the life cycles of the powdery mildew species they parasitize. Internal transcribed spacer sequences and microsatellite markers showed that Ampelomyces populations found in apple powdery mildew (Podosphaera leucotricha) were genetically highly differentiated from other Ampelomyces populations sampled from several other powdery mildew species across Europe, infecting plant hosts other than apple. While P. leucotricha starts its life cycle early in spring, and the main apple powdery mildew epidemics occur before summer, the fungal hosts of the other Ampelomyces cause epidemics mainly in summer and autumn. When two powdery mildew species were experimentally exposed to Ampelomyces strains naturally occurring in P. leucotricha in spring, and to strains naturally present in other mycohost species in autumn, cross-infections always occurred. Thus, the host-related genetic differentiation in Ampelomyces cannot be explained by narrow physiological specialization, because Ampelomyces were able to infect powdery mildew species they were unlikely to have encountered in nature, but instead appears to result from temporal isolation

Published
2011

6. Re-reading the lithic industry of the eponymous Bábonyian site at Sajóbábony (Bükk Mountain, Hungary)

Author

Lamotte, A., Mester, Z., Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
late middle Palaeolithic, Hungary, babonyen, sajobabony, lithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

Méhész-tető in Sajóbábony (northeastern Hungary), is an open-air site attributed to last glacial cycle. It yielded a lithic industry whose unique typo-technological composition gave rise to the classification of Bábonyian by Á. Ringer in 1983 and later in 2001. This Middle Palaeolithic cultural facies is characterised by leafpoints, Micoquian bifacial tools, Bábonyian knives and discoidal debitage resulting from flake production. The raw material used for both shaped tools and flake production is mainly quartz-porphyre.Méhész-tető has been excavated several times by different prehistorians between 1975 and 1997 but unfortunately nothing has been published since 2000 so consequently, we were unfamiliar with the lithic composition, techno-economy datas of the industry, spatial distribution of the artefacts, and thereby did not possess any hypotheses regarding site function. In 2019, however, this began to change. Firstly, we re-analysed all past collections from Toth Lajos and Arpád Ringer and, secondly was born a new international programme of excavations led by A. Lamotte and Zs. Mester, started at the site with a planned duration of 4 years (2019-2022) with many aims. Among them, this new programme permitted us to provide a better typo-technological characterisation of the industry and allowed us to compare all previous and current excavations (1986, 1997 and 2019-2022), using the same methods like metric, geometric morphometric, raw materials and chaine operatoire. Each excavation yielded considerable numbers of artefacts scattered over 12 m2. Significantly, with this information, we were able to discuss the spatial distribution of each lithic category, the raw materials, make hypotheses regarding the daily activities carried out at the site and finally discuss about the Culture.

Published
2022

7. Wear analysis of the lithic material from Sajóbábony Méhésztetö, Hungary

Author

Borel, A, Mester, Zs, Lamotte, A., Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
Hungary, wear analysis, quartz porphyry, palaeolithic, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

New excavations of the site of Sajóbábony Méhésztetö (Hungary, Bükk Mountains), the eponym site of the Bábonyian culture, have been carried out since 2019 in the frame of the French-Hungarian program of the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs. The revaluation of the site, aiming at characterizing the subsistence behaviours of its occupants, implies a thorough understanding of the function(s) of the stone artefacts. We propose here to present an extensive wear analysis carried out on the collections provided by the 2019 and 2021 excavations. The lithic material of Hungarian Palaeolithic archaeological sites has been the subject of only very few wear analyses. Moreover, no reference collection was so far accessible for the raw materials specific to the region, quartz-porphyry and limnosilicite in particular. Therefore, we will first present the ongoing experimental program which will later allow more detailed, qualitative and quantitative, examination of the surfaces of the artefacts. Through the microscopic screening of the stone pieces, we already classified them in four categories depending on the presence and clarity of the use traces. This first level of observation provides an insight of the spatial distribution and stratigraphical repartition of the use and about the relationship between tool raw material and use. The current results show clear discrepancies in terms of use micropolish development depending on the raw material of the tool. This raises questions concerning the proper function of the artifacts (more intensive use of the tools made of limnosilicite?) but can also be the result of a different development of the traces on the different raw materials or even of the technologies used for the observations. This will be discussed taking into account the new experimental data. The experimental program is supported by the NRDI Fund (K 132857), Hungary.

Published
2022

8. Recent data from Sajóbábony-Méhész-tetö open-air site : chronostratigraphy and palaeoenvironmental records of the eponymous Bábonyian (Hungary)

Author

Salvador, P.-G., Novothny, A., Fonai, M., Marcoux, N., Bout-Roumazeilles, V., Berger, J.-F., Lamotte, A., Mester, Zs., Territoires, Villes, Environnement & Société - ULR 4477 (TVES), Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Faculty of Sciences [Budapest], Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Civilisations atlantiques & Archéosciences (C2A), Université de Rennes (UR)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR Histoire, Histoire de l'Art et Archéologie (UFR HHAA), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and EAA european archaeologist association

Subjects
sediments, hill, geomorphology, dating, paleogeography, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

The Sajóbábony site of Méhész-tetö is situated at about 207 m above sea level on the highest point of a small hill which forms the north-eastern end of the foothills of the Bükk mountains. The Sajó is the main river in the area. Several previous excavations have taken place at Méhész-tetö, none of which provided any clear description of the stratigraphy or linking the site to the environment of the hill. A new field campaign, which started in 2019 still in progress, has made the reinvestigation of many studies possible, like the composition of clays, the characterisation of charcoal, the magnetism of the sediments and their composition elemental variations (XRF) and datings. A medium scale geomorphological study was carried out with the aim of integrating the archaeological site and its immediate environment. The study consisted of 5 manually dug holes (3 m deep) situated across the slope of the hill. Our objective was to check the conservation of the first pedostratigraphic observations. Next to the main excavation (12 m2), a manual open-hole-survey was also conducted. This revealed stratigraphy (2 m long by 1.80 m deep) from which a sedimentary column of 36 samples and 6 OSL dates were collected. The principal outcomes of our investigation demonstrated the development of a silty sequence older than 243 ka and also identified the last glacial/interglacial cycle (Eemian/Weichselian) in which the archaeological occupation levels were located. Using a multidisciplinary approach and original data, the purpose of this communication is to review the environmental evolution of the site in order to clarify the chronology of environmental and human events.

Published
2022

9. MELAS syndrome causes glutamate and tricarboxylic acid cycle dysfunctions alleviated by ketone body treatment

Author

Belal, Sophie, Goudenège, David, Bocca, Cinzia, Dumont, Florent, Chao de la Barca, Juan Manuel, Desquiret-Dumas, Valérie, Gueguen, Naïg, Geffroy, Guillaume, Benyahia, Rayane, Kane, Selma, Khiati, Salim, Bris, Céline, Aranyi, Tamas, Stockholm, Daniel, Inisan, Aurore, Renaud, Aurélie, Barth, Magalie, Simard, Gilles, Reynier, Pascal, Letournel, Franck, Lenaers, Guy, Bonneau, Dominique, Chevrollier, Arnaud, Procaccio, Vincent, MitoVasc - Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Physiologie Fonctionnelle des Organismes Marins, Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Biologie Intégrative des Modèles Marins (LBI2M), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Station biologique de Roscoff (SBR), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie et Plateformes au Service de l'Innovation Thérapeutique (IPSIT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers (CHU Angers), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), SFR UA 4208 Interactions Cellulaires et Applications Thérapeutiques (ICAT), Université d'Angers (UA), Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée (BNMI), Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Approches génétiques intégrées et nouvelles thérapies pour les maladies rares (INTEGRARE), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Évry-Val-d'Essonne (UEVE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Généthon, Stress Oxydant et Pathologies Métaboliques (SOPAM), and Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Multi-omics, mtDNA, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mitochondrial diseases, Glutamate, MELAS syndrome
Abstract

International audience; (1) Background: The development of mitochondrial medicine has been severely impeded by a lack of effective therapies. (2) Methods: To better understand Mitochondrial Encephalopathy Lactic Acidosis Syndrome Stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome, neuronal cybrid cells carrying different mutation loads of the m.3243A > G mitochondrial DNA variant were analysed using a multi-omic approach. (3) Results: Specific metabolomic signatures revealed that the glutamate pathway was significantly increased in MELAS cells with a direct correlation between glutamate concentration and the m.3243A > G heteroplasmy level. Transcriptomic analysis in mutant cells further revealed alterations in specific gene clusters, including those of the glutamate, gamma-aminobutyric acid pathways, and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. These results were supported by post-mortem brain tissue analysis from a MELAS patient, confirming the glutamate dysregulation. Exposure of MELAS cells to ketone bodies significantly reduced the glutamate level and improved mitochondrial functions, reducing the accumulation of several intermediate metabolites of the TCA cycle and alleviating the NADH-redox imbalance. (4) Conclusions: Thus, a multi-omic integrated approach to MELAS cells revealed glutamate as a promising disease biomarker, while also indicating that a ketogenic diet should be tested in MELAS patients.

Published
2022

10. Evolution of the Ciomadul Volcanic Field—Lava Domes and Explosive Eruptions

Author

Dávid Karátson, Daniel Veres, Pierre Lahitte, Tamás Telbisz, Sabine Wulf, Ralf Gertisser, Stéphane Dibacto, Balázs Kiss, Enikő K. Magyari, Ágnes Novothny, Csaba Jánosi, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Géosciences Paris Saclay (GEOPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Portmouth University, School of Physical & Geographical Sciences, Keele University, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography

Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2022

11. Signs of late infall and possible planet formation around DR Tau using VLT/SPHERE and LBTI/LMIRCam

Author

D. Mesa, C. Ginski, R. Gratton, S. Ertel, K. Wagner, M. Bonavita, D. Fedele, M. Meyer, T. Henning, M. Langlois, A. Garufi, S. Antoniucci, R. Claudi, D. Defrère, S. Desidera, M. Janson, N. Pawellek, E. Rigliaco, V. Squicciarini, A. Zurlo, A. Boccaletti, M. Bonnefoy, F. Cantalloube, G. Chauvin, M. Feldt, J. Hagelberg, E. Hugot, A.-M. Lagrange, C. Lazzoni, D. Maurel, C. Perrot, C. Petit, D. Rouan, A. Vigan, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Large Binocular Telescope Observatory [Tucson] (LBTO), Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, University of Edinburgh, Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (SUPA), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics [ETH Zürich] (IPA), Department of Physics [ETH Zürich] (D-PHYS), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich)- Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Stockholm University, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Universidad Diego Portales [Santiago] (UDP), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Météo-France, Geneva Observatory, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universidad de Valparaiso [Chile], DOTA, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay [Châtillon], ONERA-Université Paris-Saclay, This work has made use of the SPHERE Data Center, jointly operated by OSUG/IPAG (Grenoble), PYTHEAS/LAM/CeSAM (Marseille), OCA/Lagrange (Nice) and Observatoire de Paris/LESIA (Paris). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work was supported by the PRIN-INAF 2019 Planetary Systems At Early Ages (PLATEA). This research has made use of the SIMBAD database, operated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. D.M., R.G., S.D., A.Z. acknowledge support from the 'Progetti Premiali' funding scheme of the Italian Ministry of Education, University, and Research. A.Z. acknowledges support from the CONICYT + PAI/Convocatoria nacional subvención a la instalación en la academia, convocatoria 2017 + Folio PAI77170087. A.M. acknowledges the support of the DFG priority program SPP 1992 'Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets' (MU 4172/1-1). C.P. acknowledges financial support from Fondecyt (grant 3 190 691) and financial support from the ICM (Iniciativa Científica Milenio) via the Núcleo Milenio de Formación Planetaria grant, from the Universidad de Valparaíso. T.H. acknowledges support from the European Research Council under the Horizon 2020 Framework Program via the ERC Advanced Grant Origins 83 24 28. SPHERE is an instrument designed and built by a consortium consisting of IPAG (Grenoble, France), MPIA (Heidelberg, Germany), LAM (Marseille, France), LESIA (Paris, France), Laboratoire Lagrange (Nice, France), INAF-Osservatorio di Padova (Italy), Observatoire de Genève (Switzerland), ETH Zurich (Switzerland), NOVA (Netherlands), ONERA (France) and ASTRON (Netherlands), in collaboration with ESO. SPHERE was funded by ESO, with additional contributions from CNRS (France), MPIA (Germany), INAF (Italy), FINES (Switzerland) and NOVA (Netherlands). SPHERE also received funding from the European Commission Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes as part of the Optical Infrared Coordination Network for Astronomy (OPTICON) under grant number RII3-Ct-2004-001566 for FP6 (2004–2008), grant number 226604 for FP7 (2009–2012) and grant number 312430 for FP7 (2013–2016). The LBT is an international collaboration among institutions in the United States, Italy and Germany. LBT Corporation partners are: The University of Arizona on behalf of the Arizona Board of Regents, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Italy, LBT Beteiligungsgesellschaft, Germany, representing the Max-Planck Society, The Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics Potsdam, and Heidelberg University, The Ohio State University, representing OSU, University of Notre Dame, University of Minnesota and University of Virginia. The results reported herein benefited from collaborations and/or information exchange within NASA’s Nexus for Exoplanet System Science (NExSS) research coordination network sponsored by NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. K.W. acknowledges support from NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51472.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26 555., European Project: 832428, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'interaction du rayonnement X avec la matière (LIXAM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science::Digital Libraries, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Adaptive optics -instrumentation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Imaging spectroscopy, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, Data analysis - methods, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. Protoplanetary disks around young stars often contain substructures like rings, gaps, and spirals that could be caused by interactions between the disk and forming planets. Aims. We aim to study the young (1-3 Myr) star DR Tau in the near-infrared and characterize its disk, which was previously resolved through sub-millimeter interferometry with ALMA, and to search for possible sub-stellar companions embedded into it. Methods. We observed DR Tau with VLT/SPHERE both in polarized light (H broad band) and total intensity (in Y, J, H, and K spectral bands). We also performed L' band observations with LBTI/LMIRCam on the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT). Results. We found two previously undetected spirals extending north-east and south of the star, respectively. We further detected an arc-like structure north of the star. Finally a bright, compact and elongated structure was detected at separation of 303 +/- 10 mas and position angle 21.2 +/- 3.7 degrees, just at the root of the north-east spiral arm. Since this feature is visible both in polarized light and in total intensity and has a flat spectrum it is likely caused by stellar light scattered by dust. Conclusions. The two spiral arms are at different separation from the star, have very different pitch angles, and are separated by an apparent discontinuity, suggesting they might have a different origin. The very open southern spiral arm might be caused by infalling material from late encounters with cloudlets into the formation environment of the star itself. The compact feature could be caused by interaction with a planet in formation still embedded in its dust envelope and it could be responsible for launching the north-east spiral. We estimate a mass of the putative embedded object of the order of few M_Jup ., 13 pages, 11 Figures. Accepted for publications on A&A

Published
2022

12. Pièces foliacées fracturées du gisement de Sajóbábony (montagne de Bükk, Hongrie) : fonctions du site et/ou signature culturelle des néandertaliens ?

Author

Lamotte, Agnès, Mester, Zs., Ringer, A., Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Institute of Archaeology [Budapest], Research Centre for The Humanities [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Université de Miskolc, Arpad Ringer, and A.Ringer

Subjects
Hungary, fracturation, Sajobabony, leafpoints, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience; In the study of a lithic assemblage, the fractured pieces are just as important as whole or unbroken artifacts. When we devote time to the source of the artifact fracture in an assemblage, we are trying to determine between typology, technology, quality of raw materials but also the skill or cultural legacy of the Neanderthals. The relevant criteria in our study are based on the morphology of the fractures (rectilinear, angular, convex, concave, mixed and irregular), the direction of the fracture (transverse, parallel, oblique), and where on the tool the fracture is located. Whatever the fractures are, they leave waves very specific to each situation. By analysing fracture patterns and other typological, technological and techno-economic characteristics, we are able to measure the relative frequencies of these 3 consequences : fracture as a result of poor quality raw material, fracture through use, or deliberate, intentional fracturing by man as a cultural criteria. We apply this analysis/method to the site of Sajóbábony (eponymous site of the Bábonien) where whole leafpoints are present as well as numerous broken leafpoints (excavations of 1986-87-1991 (dir. A. Ringer, Ringer & Adams, new excavation of 2019-2022 A.Lamotte & Zs. Mester). About 50 pieces help us to build our demonstration of fracture pattern, with a special focus on whether intentional fracture is a legacy of neanderthals from Central Europe.

Published
2021

13. Single cell regulatory landscape of the mouse kidney highlights cellular differentiation programs and disease targets

Author

Hongbo Liu, Junhyong Kim, Zhen Miao, Ziyuan Ma, Michael S. Balzer, Junnan Wu, Ayano Kondo, Rojesh Shrestha, Mingyao Li, Katalin Susztak, Klaus H. Kaestner, Marco Pontoglio, Tamás Arányi, Amy Kwan, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Epigenomics, Cellular differentiation, Organogenesis, Science, General Physics and Astronomy, Cell Communication, Biology, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Chromatin remodeling, Article, Gene regulatory networks, Epigenesis, Genetic, 03 medical and health sciences, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Single-cell analysis, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Animals, Humans, Epigenetics, RNA-Seq, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Tissue homeostasis, Regulation of gene expression, Multidisciplinary, Podocytes, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Cell Differentiation, Forkhead Transcription Factors, General Chemistry, Nephrons, Chromatin, Cell biology, 030104 developmental biology, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4, Transcription Factor AP-2, Genetic Loci, Differentiation, Data integration, Single-Cell Analysis, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Determining the epigenetic program that generates unique cell types in the kidney is critical for understanding cell-type heterogeneity during tissue homeostasis and injury response. Here, we profile open chromatin and gene expression in developing and adult mouse kidneys at single cell resolution. We show critical reliance of gene expression on distal regulatory elements (enhancers). We reveal key cell type-specific transcription factors and major gene-regulatory circuits for kidney cells. Dynamic chromatin and expression changes during nephron progenitor differentiation demonstrates that podocyte commitment occurs early and is associated with sustained Foxl1 expression. Renal tubule cells follow a more complex differentiation, where Hfn4a is associated with proximal and Tfap2b with distal fate. Mapping single nucleotide variants associated with human kidney disease implicates critical cell types, developmental stages, genes, and regulatory mechanisms. The single cell multi-omics atlas reveals key chromatin remodeling events and gene expression dynamics associated with kidney development., Epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics are critical for both tissue homeostasis and injury response in the kidney. Leveraging a single cell multiomics atlas of the developing mouse kidney, the authors reveal key events in chromatin regulation and gene expression dynamics during postnatal development.

Published
2021

14. The asymmetric inner disk of the Herbig Ae star HD 163296 in the eyes of VLTI/MATISSE: evidence for a vortex?

Author

William C. Danchi, Luca Pasquini, Lars Venema, Leonard Burtscher, Josef Hron, Markus Wittkowski, J. Beltran, H. Méheut, Antoine Mérand, Sylvie Robbe-Dubois, A. Jaskó, Th. Henning, Farrokh Vakili, F. Guitton, Anthony Meilland, J. Vinther, Carsten Dominik, A. Gabasch, S. Rousseau, E. Kokoulina, M. Ebert, P. Antonelli, J.-U. Pott, N. Tromp, J.-L. Lizon, F. Rigal, J. Kragt, Markus Schöller, Ronald Roelfsema, Romain Petrov, L. Klarmann, P. Guajardo, Karl Heinz Hofmann, R. Frahm, Klaus Meisenheimer, Alexis Matter, F. Wrhel, Nicolas Schuhler, Gerd Jakob, Gerd Weigelt, Ph. Stee, Laurent Pallanca, A. Marcotto, Pierre Cruzalèbes, A. Chelli, I. Percheron, J. C. González Herrera, Andreas Glindemann, Claudia Paladini, Jean-Michel Clausse, M. de Haan, Eddy Elswijk, K. Meixner, Felix Bettonvil, S. Morel, R. Castillo, Uwe Graser, E. Nußbaum, Paul Bristow, Péter Ábrahám, J. W. Isbell, Eric Pantin, T. Maurer, R. ter Horst, Bruno Lopez, R. van Boekel, T. Adler, A. van Duin, L. Mosoni, Alexandre Gallenne, Udo Neumann, Ralf Conzelmann, Jean-Charles Augereau, Yves Bresson, Ramón Navarro, Norbert Hubin, M. Accardo, E. Garces, F. Allouche, Julien Woillez, Th. Rivinius, Y. Fantei, S. Abadie, A. Ridinger, Derek Ives, F. Donnan, G. Bazin, Ralf Klein, Udo Beckmann, M. Mellein, Roberto Abuter, Eszter Pozna, Sebastian Wolf, Tibor Agócs, J. Meisner, D. Schertl, L. Mohr, Marcelo Lopez, L. Jochum, Ralf-Rainer Rohloff, C. Connot, A. Soulain, Claudia Cid, W. Laun, C. Stephan, M. Heininger, R. Brast, V. Gámez Rosas, W. Boland, Michiel R. Hogerheijde, Ph. Berio, Marco Delbo, Christoph Leinert, S. Kuindersma, L. Labadie, A. Böhm, Xavier Haubois, N. Mauclert, Leander Mehrgan, F. Y. J. Gonté, M. Schuil, L. B. F. M. Waters, G. Zins, P. Bourget, R. S. Le Poole, P. Girard, M. Riquelme, József Varga, Florentin Millour, Stephane Lagarde, Walter Jaffe, R. Huerta, M. Lehmitz, G. Kroes, G. Yoffe, C. Bailet, foreign laboratories (FL), CERN [Genève], Astronomical Institute Anton Pannekoek (AI PANNEKOEK), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Max-Planck-Institut für Radioastronomie (MPIFR), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Anton Pannenkoek Institute for Astronomy [University of Amsterdam], Max Planck Institute for Astronomy (MPIA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Low Energy Astrophysics (API, FNWI), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Brightness, Interferometric, Astronomy, media_common.quotation_subject, Astronomical unit, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Instability, 0103 physical sciences, Surface brightness, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Pre-Main Sequence, Protoplanetary Disks, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Research Programm of Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Position angle, Stars, Techniques, Vortex, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Azimuth, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Circumstellar Matter, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Infrared, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Context. The inner few au region of planet-forming disks is a complex environment. High angular resolution observations have a key role in understanding the disk structure and the dynamical processes at work. Aims. In this study we aim to characterize the mid-infrared brightness distribution of the inner disk of the young intermediate-mass star HD 163296, from VLTI/MATISSE observations. Methods. We use geometric models to fit the data. Our models include a smoothed ring, a flat disk with inner cavity, and a 2D Gaussian. The models can account for disk inclination and for azimuthal asymmetries as well. We also perform numerical hydro-dynamical simulations of the inner edge of the disk. Results. Our modeling reveals a significant brightness asymmetry in the L-band disk emission. The brightness maximum of the asymmetry is located at the NW part of the disk image, nearly at the position angle of the semimajor axis. The surface brightness ratio in the azimuthal variation is $3.5 \pm 0.2$. Comparing our result on the location of the asymmetry with other interferometric measurements, we confirm that the morphology of the $r, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2021

15. Plasma Upflows Induced by Magnetic Reconnection Above an Eruptive Flux Rope

Author

Deborah Baker, David Long, Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi, David H. Brooks, Teodora Mihailescu, Lucie M. Green, Gherardo Valori, Pascal Démoulin, Miho Janvier, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, George Mason University [Fairfax], Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), Field line, FOS: Physical sciences, Flux, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, velocity field, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Active regions, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Pressure gradient, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Plasma, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physics::Space Physics, observational signatures, broadening, Flare, Rope, Spectral line
Abstract

One of the major discoveries of Hinode’s Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) is the presence of upflows at the edges of active regions. As active regions are magnetically connected to the large-scale field of the corona, these upflows are a likely contributor to the global mass cycle in the corona. Here we examine the driving mechanism(s) of the very strong upflows with velocities in excess of 70 km s−1, known as blue-wing asymmetries, observed during the eruption of a flux rope in AR 10977 (eruptive flare SOL2007-12-07T04:50). We use Hinode/EIS spectroscopic observations combined with magnetic-field modeling to investigate the possible link between the magnetic topology of the active region and the strong upflows. A Potential Field Source Surface (PFSS) extrapolation of the large-scale field shows a quadrupolar configuration with a separator lying above the flux rope. Field lines formed by induced reconnection along the separator before and during the flux-rope eruption are spatially linked to the strongest blue-wing asymmetries in the upflow regions. The flows are driven by the pressure gradient created when the dense and hot arcade loops of the active region reconnect with the extended and tenuous loops overlying it. In view of the fact that separator reconnection is a specific form of the more general quasi-separatrix (QSL) reconnection, we conclude that the mechanism driving the strongest upflows is, in fact, the same as the one driving the persistent upflows of ≈10 – 20 km s−1 observed in all active regions.

Published
2021

16. TESS observations of Cepheid stars: first light results

Author

Vincenzo Ripepi, M. J. Kalaee, Nicolas Nardetto, James M. Nemec, Laszlo Szabados, László Molnár, Dogus Ozuyar, Emese Plachy, Marek Skarka, M. Ebadi, Roland Vanderspek, Bogumił Pilecki, Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, J. Pascual-Granado, M. I. Jurkovic, George R. Ricker, Kosmas Gazeas, P. Mikołajczyk, Á. Sódor, Pál Szabó, Radosław Smolec, Róbert Szabó, Anupam Bhardwaj, Earl P. Bellinger, Amir Hasanzadeh, Henryka Netzel, Franz-Josef Hambsch, András Pál, A. Bódi, Jon M. Jenkins, József Benkő, Katrien Kolenberg, Richard I. Anderson, Pierre Kervella, Chow-Choong Ngeow, Hans Kjeldsen, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), European Commission, European Research Council, Danish National Research Foundation, National Science Centre (Poland), Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (Serbia), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (France), European Cooperation in Science and Technology, and Physics

Subjects
Cepheid variable stars, Field (physics), Cepheid variable, Overtone, Stellar photometry, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Stellar pulsations, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Modulation (music), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, Science & Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Mode (statistics), Astronomy and Astrophysics, First light, Light curve, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Full list of authors: Plachy, E.; Pál, A.; Bódi, A.; Szabó, P.; Molnár, L.; Szabados, L.; Benkő, J. M.; Anderson, R. I.; Bellinger, E. P.; Bhardwaj, A.; Ebadi, M.; Gazeas, K.; Hambsch, F. -J.; Hasanzadeh, A.; Jurkovic, M. I.; Kalaee, M. J.; Kervella, P.; Kolenberg, K.; Mikołajczyk, P.; Nardetto, N. Nemec, J. M.; Netzel, H.; Ngeow, C. -C.; Ozuyar, D.; Pascual-Granado, J.; Pilecki, B.; Ripepi, V.; Skarka, M.; Smolec, R.; Sódor, Á.; Szabó, R.; Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.; Jenkins, J. M.; Kjeldsen, H.; Ricker, G. R.; Vanderspek, R., We present the first analysis of Cepheid stars observed by the TESS space mission in Sectors 1–5. Our sample consists of 25 pulsators: ten fundamental mode, three overtone and two double-mode classical Cepheids, plus three type II and seven anomalous Cepheids. The targets were chosen from fields with different stellar densities, both from the Galactic field and from the Magellanic System. Three targets have 2 minutes cadence light curves available by the TESS Science Processing Operations Center: for the rest, we prepared custom light curves from the full-frame images with our own differential photometric FITSH pipeline. Our main goal was to explore the potential and the limitations of TESS concerning the various subtypes of Cepheids. We detected many low-amplitude features: weak modulation, period jitter, and timing variations due to light-time effect. We also report signs of nonradial modes and the first discovery of such a mode in an anomalous Cepheid, the overtone star XZ Cet, which we then confirmed with ground-based multicolor photometric measurements. We prepared a custom photometric solution to minimize saturation effects in the bright fundamental-mode classical Cepheid, β Dor with the lightkurve software, and we revealed strong evidence of cycle-to-cycle variations in the star. In several cases, however, fluctuations in the pulsation could not be distinguished from instrumental effects, such as contamination from nearby sources, which also varies between sectors. Finally, we discuss how precise light-curve shapes will be crucial not only for classification purposes but also to determine physical properties of these stars. © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved., The research leading to these results has been supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH) grants KH_18 130405, K-125015, GINOP 2.3.2-15-2016-00033, and NN-129075, and the Lendulet LP2014-17 and LP2018-7/2020 grants of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS). The work reported on in this publication has been supported by the MW-Gaia COST Action (CA18104). Partial funding of the computational infrastructure and database servers were received from the grant KEP-7/2018 of the HAS. E.P. was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the HAS. L.M. was supported by the Premium Postdoctoral Research Program of the HAS. C.C.N. thanks the funding from Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan) under the contract 107-2119-M-008014-MY2. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No. DNRF106). R.Sm. was supported by the National Science Center, Poland, Sonata BIS project 2018/30/E/ST9/00598. M.I.J. was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (contract number 451-03-68/2020-14/200002) of Republic of Serbia. A.B. acknowledges a Gruber fellowship 2020 grant sponsored by the Gruber Foundation and the International Astronomical Union and is supported by the EACOA Fellowship Program under the umbrella of the East Asia Core Observatories Association, which consists of the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics, the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, the Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute, and the National Astronomical Observatories of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. J.P.G. acknowledges financial support from the State Agency for Research of the Spanish MCIU through the "Center of Excellence Severo Ochoa" award to the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (SEV-2017-0709) and from Spanish public funds for research under project ESP2017-87676-C5-5-R. P.M. acknowledges support from the NCN grant No. 2016/21/B/ST9/01126. M.S. acknowledges the financial support of the Operational Program Research, Development and Education-Project Postdoc@MUNI(No.CZ.02.2.69/0.0/0.0/16_027/0008360) and the MSMT Inter Transfer program LTT20015. P.K. and N.N. acknowledge the support of the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), under grant ANR-15-CE31-0012-01 (project UnlockCepheids). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 695099). This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (http://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASAs Science Mission directorate. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products.

Published
2020

17. A global database of Holocene paleotemperature records

Author

Marcela Sandra Tonello, Vincent Montade, Walter Finsinger, Karen J. Taylor, Manuel Chevalier, Isabelle Larocque-Tobler, Philipp Sommer, Nicholas P. McKay, Mateusz Płóciennik, Snezhana Zhilich, David F. Porinchu, Andrei Andreev, Markus Heinrichs, Tomi P. Luoto, Elena A. Ilyashuk, Anson W. Mackay, Deborah Khider, Stephen J. Roberts, Cody C. Routson, Les C. Cwynar, Samuel L Jaccard, Naomi Holmes, Kira Rehfeld, Aaron P. Potito, Emma J. Pearson, Steve Juggins, Anais Orsi, Louise C. Foster, Angela Self, Sakari Salonen, Basil A. S. Davis, Boris K. Biskaborn, Christoph Dätwyler, Sebastien Bertrand, Anne de Vernal, Jeannine Marie St-Jacques, Angelica Feurdean, Janet M. Wilmshurst, Lukas Jonkers, Heikki Seppä, Stephen J. Brooks, Elizabeth K. Thomas, Sonja Hausmann, Peter G. Langdon, Steven B. Malevich, Larisa Nazarova, Shyhrete Shala, Enikö Magyari, Matthew Peros, Scott A. Reinemann, Krystyna M. Saunders, Elena Novenko, Barbara Stenni, Yarrow Axford, Liudmila Syrykh, Julien Emile-Geay, Nicolas Rolland, Bryan G. Mark, Jianyong Li, Andria Dawson, Mathew Fox, André F. Lotter, Jessica E. Tierney, Oliver Heiri, Stefan Engels, Ian R. Walker, Andrew P. Rees, Pol Tarrats, Valerie van den Bos, Konrad Gajewski, Brian M. Chase, Eugene R. Wahl, Martin Grosjean, Boris P. Ilyashuk, Thomas Brussel, Mónika Tóth, Enlou Zhang, Darrell S. Kaufman, Olivier Cartapanis, Magaly Caniupán, Julieta Massaferro, Reinhard Pienitz, John M. Fegyveresi, Manuel Bringué, Carrie Morrill, Gaute Velle, M. P. Erb, Marie Claude Fortin, Petr Pařil, Karin A. Koinig, Richard S. Vachula, Paola Moffa-Sanchez, Jeremiah Marsicek, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Utrecht University Palaeoecology, Laboratory of Palaeobotany and Palynology (UTRECHT UNIVERSITY), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, University of Arizona, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Mount Royal University, Centre de recherche sur la dynamique du système Terre (GEOTOP), Université de Montréal (UdeM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institute of Environmental Physics [Heidelberg] (IUP), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Programme CIT, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Snecma Propulsion Solide (SPS), SAFRAN Group, University of Southern California (USC), Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Université d'Ottawa [Ontario] (uOttawa), Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences [Helsinki], University of Helsinki, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Centre d'Etudes Nordiques (CEN), Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), British Antarctic Survey (BAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Department of Geosciences and Geography [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Departemanto di Scienze Ambientali Informatica e Statistica (DAIS), University of Ca’ Foscari [Venice, Italy], Uni Research Environment, Uni Research Ltd, University of Bath [Bath], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Polytechnique de Montréal (EPM)-McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada]-Université de Montréal (UdeM)-Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue (UQAT)-Université du Québec à Rimouski (UQAR)-Concordia University [Montreal]-Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (LNCC), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Department of Geosciences and Geography

Subjects
Peat, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 580 Plants (Botany), computer.software_genre, 01 natural sciences, MILLENNIAL-SCALE CHANGES, Proxy (climate), purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5 [https], INTERTROPICAL CONVERGENCE ZONE, HOLOCENE, 910 Geography & travel, lcsh:Science, Holocene, LAKE VUOLEP-NJAKAJAURE, geography.geographical_feature_category, Database, EASTERN TIBETAN PLATEAU, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], Computer Science Applications, LATE-QUATERNARY VEGETATION, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE, PROXIES, Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, geog, Geology, Information Systems, Statistics and Probability, 1171 Geosciences, 010506 paleontology, NORTHERN NORTH-ATLANTIC, DATABASE, PALEOTEMPERATURE, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, education, Library and Information Sciences, Education, Paleoclimatology, SOUTH CHINA SEA, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Southern Hemisphere, 1172 Environmental sciences, POLLEN-BASED RECONSTRUCTION, 550 Earth sciences & geology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, [INFO.INFO-DB]Computer Science [cs]/Databases [cs.DB], Intertropical Convergence Zone, Glacier, 15. Life on land, WESTERN EQUATORIAL PACIFIC, Sea surface temperature, 13. Climate action, Settore GEO/08 - Geochimica e Vulcanologia, Earth and Environmental Sciences, lcsh:Q, computer
Abstract

A comprehensive database of paleoclimate records is needed to place recent warming into the longer-term context of natural climate variability. We present a global compilation of quality-controlled, published, temperature-sensitive proxy records extending back 12,000 years through the Holocene. Data were compiled from 679 sites where time series cover at least 4000 years, are resolved at sub-millennial scale (median spacing of 400 years or finer) and have at least one age control point every 3000 years, with cut-off values slackened in data-sparse regions. The data derive from lake sediment (51%), marine sediment (31%), peat (11%), glacier ice (3%), and other natural archives. The database contains 1319 records, including 157 from the Southern Hemisphere. The multi-proxy database comprises paleotemperature time series based on ecological assemblages, as well as biophysical and geochemical indicators that reflect mean annual or seasonal temperatures, as encoded in the database. This database can be used to reconstruct the spatiotemporal evolution of Holocene temperature at global to regional scales, and is publicly available in Linked Paleo Data (LiPD) format. Fil: Kaufman, Darrell. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: McKay, Nicholas. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Routson, Cody. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Erb, Michael. Northern Arizona University.; Estados Unidos Fil: Davis, Basil. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Heiri, Oliver. University Of Basel; Suiza Fil: Jaccard, Samuel. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Tierney, Jessica. University of Arizona; Estados Unidos Fil: Dätwyler, Christoph. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Axford, Yarrow. Northwestern University; Estados Unidos Fil: Brussel, Thomas. University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Cartapanis, Olivier. University Of Bern; Suiza Fil: Chase, Brian. Universite de Montpellier; Francia Fil: Dawson, Andria. Mount Royal University; Canadá Fil: de Vernal, Anne. Université du Québec a Montreal; Canadá Fil: Engels, Stefan. University of London; Reino Unido Fil: Jonkers, Lukas. University Of Bremen; Alemania Fil: Marsicek, Jeremiah. University of Wisconsin-Madison; Estados Unidos Fil: Moffa Sánchez, Paola. University of Durham; Reino Unido Fil: Morrill, Carrie. University of Colorado; Estados Unidos Fil: Orsi, Anais. Université Paris-Saclay; Francia Fil: Rehfeld, Kira. Heidelberg University; Alemania Fil: Saunders, Krystyna. Australian Nuclear Science And Technology Organisation; Australia Fil: Sommer, Philipp. University Of Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Thomas, Elizabeth. University At Buffalo; Estados Unidos Fil: Tonello, Marcela Sandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras; Argentina Fil: Tóth, Mónika. Balaton Limnological Institute; Hungría Fil: Vachula, Richard. Brown University; Estados Unidos Fil: Andreev, Andrei. Alfred Wegener Institut Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Alemania Fil: Bertrand, Sebastien. Ghent University; Bélgica Fil: Massaferro, Julieta. Administración de Parques Nacionales. Parque Nacional "Nahuel Huapi"; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

Published
2020

18. Observational Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams

Author

Eyer, L., Rimoldini, L., Audard, M., Anderson, R. I., Nienartowicz, K., Glass, F., Marchal, O., Grenon, M., Mowlavi, N., Holl, B., Clementini, G., Aerts, C., Mazeh, T., Evans, D. W., Szabados, L., Brown, A. G. A., Vallenari, A., Prusti, T., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Babusiaux, C., Bailer-Jones, C. A. L., Biermann, M., Jansen, F., Jordi, C., Klioner, S. A., Lammers, U., Lindegren, L., Luri, X., Mignard, F., Panem, C., Pourbaix, D., Randich, S., Sartoretti, P., Siddiqui, H. I., Soubiran, C., van Leeuwen, F., Walton, N. A., Arenou, F., Bastian, U., Cropper, M., Drimmel, R., Katz, D., Lattanzi, M. G., Bakker, J., Cacciari, C., Castañeda, J., Chaoul, L., Cheek, N., De Angeli, F., Fabricius, C., Guerra, R., Masana, E., Messineo, R., Panuzzo, P., Portell, J., Riello, M., Seabroke, G. M., Tanga, P., Thévenin, F., Gracia-Abril, G., Comoretto, G., Garcia-Reinaldos, M., Teyssier, D., Altmann, M., Andrae, R., Bellas-Velidis, I., Benson, K., Berthier, J., Blomme, R., Burgess, P., Busso, G., Carry, B., Cellino, A., Clotet, M., Creevey, O., Davidson, M., De Ridder, J., Delchambre, L., Dell’Oro, A., Ducourant, C., Fernández-Hernández, J., Fouesneau, M., Frémat, Y., Galluccio, L., García-Torres, M., González-Núñez, J., González-Vidal, J. J., Gosset, E., Guy, L. P., Halbwachs, J.-L., Hambly, N. C., Harrison, D. L., Hernández, J., Hestroffer, D., Hodgkin, S. T., Hutton, A., Jasniewicz, G., Jean-Antoine-Piccolo, A., Jordan, S., Korn, A. J., Krone-Martins, A., Lanzafame, A. C., Lebzelter, T., Löffler, W., Manteiga, M., Marrese, P. M., Martín-Fleitas, J. M., Moitinho, A., Mora, A., Muinonen, K., Osinde, J., Pancino, E., Pauwels, T., Petit, J.-M., Recio-Blanco, A., Richards, P. J., Robin, A. C., Sarro, L. M., Siopis, C., Smith, M., Sozzetti, A., Süveges, M., Torra, J., van Reeven, W., Abbas, U., Abreu Aramburu, A., Accart, S., Altavilla, G., Álvarez, M. A., Alvarez, R., Alves, J., Andrei, A. H., Anglada Varela, E., Antiche, E., Antoja, T., Arcay, B., Astraatmadja, T. L., Bach, N., Baker, S. G., Balaguer-Núñez, L., Balm, P., Barache, C., Barata, C., Barbato, D., Barblan, F., Barklem, P. S., Barrado, D., Barros, M., Barstow, M. A., Bartholomé Muñoz, S., Bassilana, J.-L., Becciani, U., Bellazzini, M., Berihuete, A., Bertone, S., Bianchi, L., Bienaymé, O., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boch, T., Boeche, C., Bombrun, A., Borrachero, R., Bossini, D., Bouquillon, S., Bourda, G., Bragaglia, A., Bramante, L., Breddels, M. A., Bressan, A., Brouillet, N., Brüsemeister, T., Brugaletta, E., Bucciarelli, B., Burlacu, A., Busonero, D., Butkevich, A. G., Buzzi, R., Caffau, E., Cancelliere, R., Cannizzaro, G., Cantat-Gaudin, T., Carballo, R., Carlucci, T., Carrasco, J. M., Casamiquela, L., Castellani, M., Castro-Ginard, A., Charlot, P., Chemin, L., Chiavassa, A., Cocozza, G., Costigan, G., Cowell, S., Crifo, F., Crosta, M., Crowley, C., Cuypers, J., Dafonte, C., Damerdji, Y., Dapergolas, A., David, P., David, M., de Laverny, P., De Luise, F., De March, R., de Martino, D., de Souza, R., de Torres, A., Debosscher, J., del Pozo, E., Delbo, M., Delgado, A., Delgado, H. E., Diakite, S., Diener, C., Distefano, E., Dolding, C., Drazinos, P., Durán, J., Edvardsson, B., Enke, H., Eriksson, K., Esquej, P., Eynard Bontemps, G., Fabre, C., Fabrizio, M., Faigler, S., Falcão, A. J., Farràs Casas, M., Federici, L., Fedorets, G., Fernique, P., Figueras, F., Filippi, F., Findeisen, K., Fonti, A., Fraile, E., Fraser, M., Frézouls, B., Gai, M., Galleti, S., Garabato, D., García-Sedano, F., Garofalo, A., Garralda, N., Gavel, A., Gavras, P., Gerssen, J., Geyer, R., Giacobbe, P., Gilmore, G., Girona, S., Giuffrida, G., Gomes, M., Granvik, M., Gueguen, A., Guerrier, A., Guiraud, J., Gutiérrez-Sánchez, R., Haigron, R., Hatzidimitriou, D., Hauser, M., Haywood, M., Heiter, U., Helmi, A., Heu, J., Hilger, T., Hobbs, D., Hofmann, W., Holland, G., Huckle, H. E., Hypki, A., Icardi, V., Janßen, K., Jevardat de Fombelle, G., Jonker, P. G., Juhász, Á. L., Julbe, F., Karampelas, A., Kewley, A., Klar, J., Kochoska, A., Kohley, R., Kolenberg, K., Kontizas, M., Kontizas, E., Koposov, S. E., Kordopatis, G., Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z., Koubsky, P., Lambert, S., Lanza, A. F., Lasne, Y., Lavigne, J.-B., Le Fustec, Y., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Lebreton, Y., Leccia, S., Leclerc, N., Lecoeur-Taibi, I., Lenhardt, H., Leroux, F., Liao, S., Licata, E., Lindstrøm, H. E. P., Lister, T. A., Livanou, E., Lobel, A., López, M., Lorenz, D., Managau, S., Mann, R. G., Mantelet, G., Marchant, J. M., Marconi, M., Marinoni, S., Marschalkó, G., Marshall, D. J., Martino, M., Marton, G., Mary, N., Massari, D., Matijevič, G., McMillan, P. J., Messina, S., Michalik, D., Millar, N. R., Molina, D., Molinaro, R., Molnár, L., Montegriffo, P., Mor, R., Morbidelli, R., Morel, T., Morgenthaler, S., Morris, D., Mulone, A. F., Muraveva, T., Musella, I., Nelemans, G., Nicastro, L., Noval, L., O’Mullane, W., Ordénovic, C., Ordóñez-Blanco, D., Osborne, P., Pagani, C., Pagano, I., Pailler, F., Palacin, H., Palaversa, L., Panahi, A., Pawlak, M., Piersimoni, A. M., Pineau, F.-X., Plachy, E., Plum, G., Poggio, E., Poujoulet, E., Prša, A., Pulone, L., Racero, E., Ragaini, S., Rambaux, N., Ramos-Lerate, M., Regibo, S., Reylé, C., Riclet, F., Ripepi, V., Riva, A., Rivard, A., Rixon, G., Roegiers, T., Roelens, M., Romero-Gómez, M., Rowell, N., Royer, F., Ruiz-Dern, L., Sadowski, G., Sagristà Sellés, T., Sahlmann, J., Salgado, J., Salguero, E., Sanna, N., Santana-Ros, T., Sarasso, M., Savietto, H., Schultheis, M., Sciacca, E., Segol, M., Segovia, J. C., Ségransan, D., Shih, I.-C., Siltala, L., Silva, A. F., Smart, R. L., Smith, K. W., Solano, E., Solitro, F., Sordo, R., Soria Nieto, S., Souchay, J., Spagna, A., Spoto, F., Stampa, U., Steele, I. A., Steidelmüller, H., Stephenson, C. A., Stoev, H., Suess, F. F., Surdej, J., Szegedi-Elek, E., Tapiador, D., Taris, F., Tauran, G., Taylor, M. B., Teixeira, R., Terrett, D., Teyssandier, P., Thuillot, W., Titarenko, A., Torra Clotet, F., Turon, C., Ulla, A., Utrilla, E., Uzzi, S., Vaillant, M., Valentini, G., Valette, V., van Elteren, A., Van Hemelryck, E., van Leeuwen, M., Vaschetto, M., Vecchiato, A., Veljanoski, J., Viala, Y., Vicente, D., Vogt, S., von Essen, C., Voss, H., Votruba, V., Voutsinas, S., Walmsley, G., Weiler, M., Wertz, O., Wevers, T., Wyrzykowski, Ł., Yoldas, A., Žerjal, M., Ziaeepour, H., Zorec, J., Zschocke, S., Zucker, S., Zurbach, C., Zwitter, T., Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides (IMCCE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Geneva Observatory, University of Geneva [Switzerland], ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Probabilités, statistique, physique mathématique (PSPM), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'astrophysique de l'observatoire de Besançon (LAOB), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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University of Greifswald, Institut de Ciencies del Cosmos (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], Departament d'Astronomia i Meteorologia [Barcelona] (DAM), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Royal Greenwich Observatory (RGO), Zentrum für astronomie, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA), Università degli Studi di Roma, Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), Institute of Astronomy [Cambridge], University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratorio de Inmunologıa y Virologıa, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, San Nicolas de los Garza, University of Barcelona, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), SIM/IDL Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa (FCUL), University of Lisboa, Universidad de Granada (UGR), Department of Physics [Helsinki], Falculty of Science [Helsinki], University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), AUTRES, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), National Institute for Subatomic Physics Nikhef [Amsterdam] (NIKHEF), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDAEA-CSIC, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Departamento de Astrofisica [Madrid], Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], University of Leicester, University of Cadiz, CEA Le Ripault (CEA Le Ripault), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Observatoire astronomique de Strasbourg (OAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - 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Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Department of Plant Ecology, Technische Universität Dresden (TUD), Mitsubishi Electric ITE-TCL, Sciences Pour l'Oenologie (SPO), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [Nouvelle-Calédonie])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Departament Llenguatges i Sistemes Informatics, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Astrophysics [Nijmegen], Institute for Mathematics, Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP), Radboud university [Nijmegen]-Radboud university [Nijmegen], Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique de Rennes (IPR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Laboratoire d'Electrochimie des Matériaux, UMR CNRS 7555, Laboratoire d'études dynamiques et structurales de la sélectivité (LEDSS), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helmholtz zentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (GSI), Atmel Corporation (ATMEL), ATMEL, Astrophysics Research Institute [Liverpool] (ARI), Liverpool John Moores University (LJMU), NSF Center for EUV Science and Technology, NSF, L3 group, Dipartemento di Fisica, Lecce, TKK Helsinki University of Technology (TKK), Matériaux, ingénierie et science [Villeurbanne] (MATEIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Association EURATOM-CEA (CEA/DSM/DRFC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Ciènces del Cosmos (ICC), Centre Atlantique de Philosophie (CAPHI), PRES Université Nantes Angers Le Mans (UNAM), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université de Lille-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Réseaux, Information, Multimédia (RIM-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Centre G2I, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Technische Universität Dortmund [Dortmund] (TU), Inst. Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València (UV), Astronomical Observatory [Poznan], Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Department of Computer Science, Università degli Studi di Verona, Thales Services, THALES, Departement d'Astrophysique Stellaire et Galactique (DASGAL), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL), Center for health studies, Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Astrometry, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF)-Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Institute of Hydrology, Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw, University of Warsaw (UW), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lohrmann Observatory, University of Ljubljana, Department of nuclear medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, University of Bergen (UIB)-University of Bergen (UIB), Human Cancer Genetics Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center-College of Medicine and Public Health [Colombus], Departament de Geodinamica i Geofısica, Facultat de Geologia, M2A 2012, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Bordeaux [Pessac] (LAB), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Solvay Silica, Solvay (France), Instituto Dom Luiz, Universidade de Lisboa (ULISBOA), Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [New York] (MSSM), Department of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), FORMATION STELLAIRE 2012, CICEnergigune, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' [Rome], Aberystwyth University, Department of Food & Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading (UOR), Institut de Chimie de Clermont-Ferrand (ICCF), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Sigma CLERMONT (Sigma CLERMONT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche de l'European Business School (IREBS), European Business School Paris (EBS Paris), LEI, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nîmes (CHRU Nîmes), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences [Budapest], Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), M2A 2015, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences [Modena], Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia [Reggio Emilia] (UNIMORE), Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University [Port Elizabeth, South Africa], Université de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria [Espagne] (ULPGC), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM - UMR 7158 - UMR E 9005), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chaim Sheba Medical Center [Ramat Gan, Israel], University of Catania, Groupement de Recherche et d'Etudes en Gestion à HEC (GREGH), Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales (HEC Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki Observatory, University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité : Synthèse, Analyse, Modélisation (CEISAM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), R&D Tonnellerie Radoux, Tonnellerie Radoux, Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), M2A 2013, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims - UMR 7312 (ICMR), SFR Condorcet, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics [Philadelphia], University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], M2A 2014, Groupe de Recherche en Astronomie et Astrophysique du Languedoc (GRAAL), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Universidad de Alicante, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université de Lille, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Physics Department, University of Crete (UOC), DEE, Budapest University of Technology and Economics [Budapest] (BME), European Space Astronomy Centre, KELLER Fondations spéciales, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Ingienerie des Polymères pour les Hautes Technologies (LIPHT), Ecole européenne de chimie, polymères et matériaux [Strasbourg]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsinki University of Techology, Centre for Integrative Physiology, University of Edinburgh, Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Neurologie [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Fondation Universitaire Notre Dame de la Paix (FUNDP), Facultés Universitaires Notre-Dame de la Paix, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Centre G2I, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), Laboratoire Hubert Curien [Saint Etienne] (LHC), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut d'Optique Graduate School (IOGS), Instituto de Plasmas e Fusão Nuclear [Lisboa] (IPFN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), EURATOM CIEMAT (CIEMAT), Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas [Madrid] (CIEMAT), Geophysical Laboratory [Carnegie Institution], Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], Politecnico di Milano [Milan], Equipe EES, Ecologie et biologie des interactions (EBI), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics], [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

19. Widespread poly-metamorphosed Archean granitoid gneisses and supracrustal enclaves of the southern Inukjuak Domain, Québec (Canada)

Author

Jennika Greer, Wouter Bleeker, Guillaume Caro, Nigel M. Kelly, Nicole L. Cates, Peter Tropper, Stephen J. Mojzsis, Department of Geological Sciences [Boulder], University of Colorado [Boulder], Department of Geophysical Sciences [Chicago], University of Chicago, Field Museum of Natural History [Chicago, USA], Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Manitoba [Winnipeg], Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck - University of Innsbruck, Geological Survey of Canada - Office (GSC), Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
Archean, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Geochemistry, Schist, supracrustal belt, geochronology, Inukjuak, Geology, Fold (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleoarchean, Geochemistry and Petrology, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Geochronology, metamorphic petrology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Zircon, Terrane, Gneiss, granitoid gneisses
Abstract

International audience; The ~12,000 km2 Inukjuak Domain in northern 79 Québec is part of the Archean Minto Block in the northwestern Superior Province of Canada. Eoarchean (ca. >3800-3780 Ma) rocks of the Nuvvuagittuq supracrustal belt (NSB) are the best known occurrence of otherwise abundant

Published
2020

20. Cressdnaviricota : a Virus Phylum Unifying Seven Families of Rep-Encoding Viruses with Single-Stranded, Circular DNA Genomes

Author

Eric Delwart, Mya Breitbart, F. Murilo Zerbini, Karyna Rosario, Yuri I. Wolf, Eugene V. Koonin, Mart Krupovic, Natalya Yutin, Valerian V. Dolja, Darius Kazlauskas, Jens H. Kuhn, Arvind Varsani, Balázs Harrach, Virologie des archées - Archaeal Virology, Institut Pasteur [Paris], School of Life Sciences [Tempe, USA], Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Department of Integrative Biomedical Sciences [Cape Town], University of Cape Town, Life Science Center [Vilnius], Vilnius University [Vilnius], College of Marine Science [St Petersburg, FL], University of South Florida [Tampa] (USF), Vitalant Research Institute [San Francisco], Department of Laboratory Medicine [San Francisco], University of California [San Francisco] (UCSF), University of California-University of California, National Library of Medicine (NLM), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), Institute for Veterinary Medical Research [Budapest] (AOTI), Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Universidade Federal de Vicosa (UFV), Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Oregon State University (OSU), Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick (IRF-Frederick), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [Bethesda] (NIAID-NIH), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH)-National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), M.K. was supported by l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche (project ENVIRA, no. ANR-17-CE15-0005-01). E.V.K., Y.I.W., and N.Y. are supported by the Intramural Research Program of the U.S. National Institutes of Health (National Library of Medicine). B.H. was supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development, and Innovation Office (NN128309). This work was supported in part through the Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, prime contract with the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) under contract no. HHSN272201800013C. J.H.K. performed this work as an employee of Tunnell Government Services (TGS), a subcontractor of Laulima Government Solutions, LLC, under contract no. HHSN272201800013C., ANR-17-CE15-0005,ENVIRA,Remodelage de la membrane cytoplasmique par les virus enveloppés d'archées(2017), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), University of California [San Francisco] (UC San Francisco), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), and Universidade Federal de Viçosa = Federal University of Viçosa (UFV)

Subjects
Immunology, CRESS DNA viruses, Smacoviridae, Microbiology, Genome, Virus, 03 medical and health sciences, Virology, Geminiviridae, virus classification, Letter to the Editor, Virus classification, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Genetics, Redondoviridae, Circoviridae, virus evolution, 0303 health sciences, International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), biology, 030306 microbiology, Phylum, Bacilladnaviridae, Genomoviridae, Nanoviridae, biology.organism_classification, Insect Science, Viral evolution, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING
Abstract

International audience; Letter to the Editor

Published
2020

21. The role of climate-fuel feedbacks on Holocene biomass burning in upper-montane Carpathian forests

Author

Angelica Feurdean, Ioan Tanţău, Vachel A. Carter, Jennifer L. Clear, Richard C. Chiverrell, Enikő Magyari, Anna Šolcová, Thomas Brussel, Přemysl Bobek, Alice Moravcová, Petr Kuneš, Walter Finsinger, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Department of Geography and Planning, University of Liverpool, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Environmental change, Range (biology), [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 02 engineering and technology, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, food, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Holocene, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, biology, Macrofossil, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Picea abies, Pinus cembra, Ecotone, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, food.food, Disturbance (ecology), 13. Climate action, Environmental science, Physical geography, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

Over the past few decades, mean summer temperatures within the Carpathian Mountains have increased by as much as 2 °C leading to a projected increased forest fire risk. Currently, there are no paleofire records from the Western Carpathians that provide the long-term range of natural variability to contextualise the response of upper-montane forests to future environmental change and disturbance regimes. We present the first high-resolution Holocene fire history record from the upper-montane ecotone from the High Tatra Mountains, Slovakia, as well as provide a regional synthesis of pan-Carpathian drivers of biomass burning in upper-montane forests. Our results illustrate that forest composition and density both greatly influence biomass burning, creating two different climate-fuel feedbacks. First, warmer conditions in the early Holocene, coupled with generally higher abundances of Pinus sp., either P. cembra and/or P. mugo/sylvestris, created a positive climate-fuel relationship that resulted in higher amounts of biomass burning. Second, cooler and wetter late Holocene conditions led to denser Picea abies upper-montane forests, creating a negative climate-fuel feedback that reduced biomass burning in upper-montane forests across the Carpathians. Given that warmer and drier conditions are expected across the entire Carpathian region in the future, our results illustrate how future climate change could potentially create a positive climate-fuel relationship within upper-montane forests dominated by Picea abies and Pinus cembra and/or P. mugo/sylvestris.

Published
2020

22. Ndr/Lats Kinases Bind Specific Mob-Family Coactivators through a Conserved and Modular Interface

Author

Benjamin W. Parker, Mónika Bálint, Attila Reményi, Eric L. Weiss, Csaba Hetényi, Gergő Gógl, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Organic Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Pecs, Northwestern University [Evanston], and univOAK, Archive ouverte

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins, Protein Conformation, Allosteric regulation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Morphogenesis, Nerve Tissue Proteins, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Plasma protein binding, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, Biochemistry, Article, Cofactor, Substrate Specificity, Conserved sequence, 03 medical and health sciences, Protein structure, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Coactivator, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Conserved Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cofactor binding, biology, Chemistry, Kinase, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, biology.organism_classification, Cell biology, biology.protein, Signal transduction, Protein Binding
Abstract

Ndr/Lats kinases bind Mob coactivator proteins to form complexes that are essential and deeply conserved components of “Hippo” signaling pathways, which control cell proliferation and morphogenesis in eukaryotes. All Ndr/Lats kinases have a characteristic N-terminal region (NTR) that binds a specific Mob co-factor: Lats kinases associate with Mob1 proteins, and Ndr kinases associate with Mob2 proteins. To better understand the functional significance of Mob protein association with Ndr/Lats kinases and selective binding of Ndr and Lats to distinct Mob co-factors, we solved crystal structures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cbk1(NTR)-Mob2 and Dbf2(NTR)-Mob1 and experimentally assessed determinants of Mob cofactor binding and specificity. This significantly refines the previously determined structure of Cbk1 kinase bound to Mob2, presently the only crystallographic model of a full length Ndr/Lats kinase complexed with a Mob cofactor. Our analysis indicates that the Ndr/Lats NTR-Mob interface provides a distinctive kinase regulation mechanism, in which Mob co-factor organizes the Ndr/Lats NTR to interact with the AGC kinase C-terminal hydrophobic motif (HM) activation segment. The Mob-organized NTR appears to mediate HM association with an allosteric site on the kinase N-lobe. We also found that Cbk1 and Dbf2 associated highly specifically with Mob2 and Mob1, respectively. Alteration of specific positions in the Cbk1 NTR allows association of non-cognate Mob co-factor, indicating that cofactor specificity is restricted by discrete sites rather than broadly distributed. Overall, our analysis provides a new picture of the functional role of Mob association and indicates that the Ndr/Lats(NTR)-Mob interface overall is largely a common structural platform that mediates kinase-cofactor binding.

Published
2020

23. Can Sub-photospheric Magnetic Reconnection Change the Elemental Composition in the Solar Corona?

Author

Gherardo Valori, Andy S. H. To, Deborah Baker, David H. Brooks, J. Martin Laming, Lidia van Driel-Gesztelyi, Alexander W. James, Pascal Démoulin, David Long, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), George Mason University [Fairfax], Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), and European Space Agency (ESA)

Subjects
Physics, Elemental composition, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Magnetic reconnection, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

International audience; Within the coronae of stars, abundances of those elements with low first ionization potential (FIP) often differ from their photospheric values. The coronae of the Sun and solar-type stars mostly show enhancements of low-FIP elements (the FIP effect) while more active stars such as M dwarfs have coronae generally characterized by the inverse-FIP effect (I-FIP). Here we observe patches of I-FIP effect solar plasma in AR 12673, a highly complex βγδ active region. We argue that the umbrae of coalescing sunspots, and more specifically strong light bridges within the umbrae, are preferential locations for observing I-FIP effect plasma. Furthermore, the magnetic complexity of the active region and major episodes of fast flux emergence also lead to repetitive and intense flares. The induced evaporation of the chromospheric plasma in flare ribbons crossing umbrae enables the observation of four localized patches of I-FIP effect plasma in the corona of AR 12673. These observations can be interpreted in the context of the ponderomotive force fractionation model which predicts that plasma with I-FIP effect composition is created by the refraction of waves coming from below the chromosphere. We propose that the waves generating the I-FIP effect plasma in solar active regions are generated by subphotospheric reconnection of coalescing flux systems. Although we only glimpse signatures of I-FIP effect fractionation produced by this interaction in patches on the Sun, on highly active M stars it may be the dominant process.

Published
2020

24. Thermally Stimulated Evolution of Optical and Structural Properties of Germanium-Doped Alumina Films

Author

Fabrice Gourbilleau, Larysa Khomenkova, Isaac Balberg, Oleksandr Melnichuk, L. Melnichuk, Caroline Bonafos, Nicolas Ratel-Ramond, Nadiia Korsunska, Kremena Makasheva, Peter Petrik, V.E. Lashkaryov Institute of Semiconductor Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (UKMA), Sciences et Ingénierie des Plasmas Réactifs et des Arcs (LAPLACE-ScIPRA), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Institute of Technical Physics and Materials Science (MFA), Centre for Energy Research [Budapest] (MTAE), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Nano-Optique et Nanomatériaux pour l'optique (CEMES-NeO), Centre d'élaboration de matériaux et d'études structurales (CEMES), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mykola Gogol State University of Nizhyn (MGSUN), Racah Institute of Physics (Racah Institute of Physics), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ)-Racah Institute of Physics, Centre de recherche sur les Ions, les MAtériaux et la Photonique (CIMAP - UMR 6252), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Matériaux Avancés (IRMA), Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), and Normandie Université (NU)

Subjects
Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Doping, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Germanium, 02 engineering and technology, Substrate (electronics), 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Amorphous solid, chemistry, Nanocrystal, [PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci], 0210 nano-technology, Luminescence
Abstract

Group IV semiconductor nanoclusters/nanocrystals attract a great interest because of substantial transformation of their optical, electrical and luminescent properties due to quantum confinement effects. During last decades significant attention was paid to the Si nanocrystals (ncs) embedded in Si oxide or nitride, and later, to the Ge-ncs embedded in these matrices. The mechanism of these 'ncs' formation was investigated in details. Recently we have reported on the Si-ncs formation in hafnia and alumina thin films. This work will present the results obtained for the Ge-rich Al2O3 films. The effect of Ge content and annealing conditions on the evolution of optical and structural properties of these materials and formation of Ge-ncs will be addressed. The films with different Ge content were grown on quarts substrates by magnetron co-sputtering of Ge and Al2O3 targets in argon plasma. After deposition, they were annealed in nitrogen atmosphere and analyzed by means of spectroscopic ellipsometry, FTIR, Raman scattering, XRD and photoluminescence methods. It is observed that suitable thermal treatment leads to the decomposition of nonstoichiometric films and results in the Ge-ncs formation. The formation of Ge-ncs via phase separantion requires lower temperatures (600-700°C) than that for Si-ncs production in alumina host (1050-1100ºC). An annealing at 800-950ºC results in the Ge out-diffusion from the films via formation of volatile GeO. This process results in the significant depletion of the near-surface regions in germanium that was confirmed by an appearance of gradient in the refractive index via film volume. Decomposition process stimulates also an appearance of visible and near-infrared photoluminescence. The shape of luminescent spectrum depends significantly on both Ge content and the excitation wavelength. It is observed that exciton recombination inside nanocrystals dominates at longer wavelength excitation, whereas the UV-blue excitation results in the radiative recombination via interface or host defects in the materials. This result was found to be caused by the competition of different radiative channels in the films. The evolution of optical and luminescent properties will be discussed in details.

Published
2020

25. Use of 3D printing in astronomical mirror fabrication

Author

Emmanuel Hugot, F. Tenegi, Joris Dufils, Szigfrid Farkas, Bart van de Vorst, Iain Todd, Katherine Morris, Hermine Schnelter, Christopher J. Miller, Gyorgy Mezo, Carolyn Atkins, Melanie Roulet, A. Vega-Moreno, Michel Marcos, Robert Snell, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UK Astronomy Technology Centre (UK ATC), Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC)

Subjects
Fabrication, [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Computer science, business.industry, Mechanical engineering, Polishing, 3D printing, FOS: Physical sciences, Topology (electrical circuits), 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, Deformable mirror, 010309 optics, 0103 physical sciences, Data_FILES, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 0210 nano-technology, business, Actuator, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics - Optics, Optics (physics.optics)
Abstract

In this paper we are exploring the possibilities of 3D printing in the fabrication of mirrors for astronomy. Taking the advantages of 3D printing to solve the existing problems caused by traditional manufacturing, two proof-of- concept mirror fabrication strategies are investigated in this paper. The first concept is a deformable mirror with embedded actuator supports system to minimise errors caused by the bonding interfaces during mirror assembly. The second concept is the adaption of the Stress Mirror Polishing (SMP) technique to a variety of mirror shapes by implemented a printed thickness distribution on the back side of the mirror. Design investigations and prototypes plans are presented for both studies.

Published
2020

26. High‐throughput competitive fluorescence polarization assay reveals functional redundancy in the S100 protein family

Author

Márton A. Simon, Ádám Póti, Péter Ecsédi, Attila Reményi, Gábor M. Kovács, Gergő Gógl, József Kardos, László Nyitray, univOAK, Archive ouverte, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Institute of Organic Chemistry [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biokémiai Tanszék, MTA Állatorvos-tudományi Kutatóintézete, MTA-ELTE-NAP B Neuroimmunológiai Kutatócsoport, Molekuláris Farmakológiai Intézet, Orvosi Biokémiai Intézet, TTK hallgatók, Növényszervezettani Tanszék, MTA-ELTE Biotechnológiai Kutatócsoport (2006 végéig működött), Enzimológiai Intézet, Állatorvos-tudományi Intézet, Biológia Doktori Iskola, MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Fehérje Kutatócsoport (Lendület), and Növényvédelmi Intézet

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Protein family, Systems biology, Sequence Homology, Fluorescence Polarization, Computational biology, Biology, Ligands, fluorescence anisotropy, Biochemistry, Binding, Competitive, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Humans, Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Amino Acid Sequence, Molecular Biology, Phylogeny, calcium, Phylogenetic tree, Functional redundancy, S100 Proteins, Isothermal titration calorimetry, systems biology, Cell Biology, S100 Protein Family, Phenotype, High-Throughput Screening Assays, isothermal titration calorimetry, 030104 developmental biology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Fluorescence anisotropy, Protein Binding
Abstract

International audience; The calcium-binding, vertebrate-specific S100 protein family consists of 20 paralogs in humans (referred as the S100ome), with several clinically important members. To explore their protein-protein interactions (PPIs) quantitatively, we have chosen an unbiased, high-throughput, competitive fluorescence polarization (FP) assay that revealed a partial functional redundancy when the complete S100ome (n = 20) was tested against numerous model partners (n = 13). Based on their specificity, the S100ome can be grouped into two distinct classes: promiscuous and orphan. In the first group, members bound to several ligands (> 4-5) with comparable high affinity, while in the second one, the paralogs bound only one partner weakly, or no ligand was identified. Our results demonstrate that FP assays are highly suitable for quantitative interaction profiling of selected protein families. Moreover, we provide evidence that PPI-based phenotypic characterization can complement or even exceed the information obtained from the sequence-based phylogenetic analysis of the S100ome, an evolutionary young protein family.

Published
2020

27. The Iso2k database: a global compilation of paleo-δ18O and δ2H records to aid understanding of Common Era climate

Author

Konecky, Bronwen, Mckay, Nicholas, Churakova (sidorova), Olga, Comas-Bru, Laia, Dassié, Émilie, Delong, Kristine L., Falster, Georgina, Fischer, Matt, Jones, Matthew, Jonkers, Lukas, Kaufman, Darrell S., Leduc, Guillaume, Managave, Shreyas, Martrat, Belen, Opel, Thomas, Orsi, Anais, Partin, Judson, Sayani, Hussein, Thomas, Elizabeth R., Thompson, Diane, Tyler, Jonathan J., Abram, Nerilie J., Atwood, Alyssa, Cartapanis, Olivier, Conroy, Jessica, Curran, Mark, Dee, Sylvia, Deininger, Michael, Divine, Dmitry V., Kern, Zoltán, Porter, Trevor J., Stevenson, Samantha, von Gunten, Lucien, Braun, Kerstin, Carré, Matthieu, Incarbona, Alessandro, Kaushal, Nikita, Klaebe, Robert M., Kolus, Hannah R., Mortyn, Peter Graham, Moy, Andrew D., Roop, Heidi A., Sicre, Marie-Alexandrine, Yoshimura, Kei, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences [St Louis], Washington University in Saint Louis (WUSTL), School of Earth Sciences & Environmental Sustainability, Northern Arizona University [Flagstaff], Siberian Federal University (SibFU), Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, School of Archaeology, Geography and Environmental Sciences (SAGES), University of Reading (UOR), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LSU - Department of Geography and Anthropology [Baton Rouge], Louisiana State University (LSU), Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation [Australie] (ANSTO), University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Earth and Climate Science Department [IISER Pune], Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune (IISER Pune), Department of Environmental Chemistry [Barcelona], Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences [Atlanta], Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], University at Buffalo [SUNY] (SUNY Buffalo), State University of New York (SUNY), Department of Geosciences [Tucson], University of Arizona, Department of Earth Sciences [Adelaide], University of Adelaide, Research School of Earth Sciences and Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, Australian National University (ANU), Department of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research (OCCR), University of Bern, Institute of Geological Sciences [Bern], Department of Geology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System-University of Illinois System, Australian Antarctic Division (AAD), Australian Government, Department of the Environment and Energy, Rice University [Houston], Institute of Geosciences [Mainz], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz (JGU), Norwegian Polar Institute, Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Geography and Planning [University of Toronto], University of Toronto, Faculty of the Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California [Santa Barbara] (UCSB), University of California-University of California, Past Global Changes International Project Office (PAGES), Past Global Changes International Project Office, Institute of Human Origins, Department of Anthropology, Variabilité à long terme du climat de l'océan (VALCO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Department of Earth and Marine Sciences [Palermo], Università degli studi di Palermo - University of Palermo, Department of Earth Sciences [Oxford], University of Oxford [Oxford], The University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sustainability, Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), University of Washington [Seattle], Variabilité de l'Océan et de la Glace de mer (VOG), Institute of Industrial Science (IIS), The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), Swiss Academy of SciencesNational Science Foundation (NSF)Chinese Academy of SciencesNSF-AGS1805141NSF-AGS PRF1433408PalMod, the German paleoclimate modeling initiativeFederal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Geosciences [University of Arizona], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), University of California [Santa Barbara] (UC Santa Barbara), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and University of Oxford

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Reconstructions of global hydroclimate during the Common Era (CE; the past ∼2000 years) are important for providing context for current and future global environmental change. Stable isotope ratios in water are quantitative indicators of hydroclimate on regional to global scales, and these signals are encoded in a wide range of natural geologic archives. Here we present the Iso2k database, a global compilation of previously published datasets from a variety of natural archives that record the stable oxygen (δ18O) or hydrogen (δ2H) isotopic compositions of environmental waters, which reflect hydroclimate changes over the CE. The Iso2k database contains 759 isotope records from the terrestrial and marine realms, including glacier and ground ice (210); speleothems (68); corals, sclerosponges, and mollusks (143); wood (81); lake sediments and other terrestrial sediments (e.g., loess) (158); and marine sediments (99). Individual datasets have temporal resolutions ranging from sub-annual to centennial and include chronological data where available. A fundamental feature of the database is its comprehensive metadata, which will assist both experts and nonexperts in the interpretation of each record and in data synthesis. Key metadata fields have standardized vocabularies to facilitate comparisons across diverse archives and with climate-model-simulated fields. This is the first global-scale collection of water isotope proxy records from multiple types of geological and biological archives. It is suitable for evaluating hydroclimate processes through time and space using large-scale synthesis, model–data intercomparison and (paleo)data assimilation. The Iso2k database is available for download at https://doi.org/10.25921/57j8-vs18 (Konecky and McKay, 2020) and is also accessible via the NOAA/WDS Paleo Data landing page: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/study/29593 (last access: 30 July 2020).

Published
2020

28. A community proposal to integrate structural bioinformatics activities in ELIXIR (3D-Bioinfo Community)

Author

Orengo, Christine, Velankar, Sameer, Wodak, Shoshana, Zoete, Vincent, Bonvin, Alexandre M.J.J., Elofsson, Arne, Feenstra, K. Anton, Gerloff, Dietland L., Hamelryck, Thomas, Hancock, John M., Helmer-Citterich, Manuela, Hospital, Adam, Orozco, Modesto, Perrakis, Anastassis, Rarey, Matthias, Soares, Claudio, Sussman, Joel L., Thornton, Janet M., Tuffery, Pierre, Tusnady, Gabor, Wierenga, Rikkert, Salminen, Tiina, Schneider, Bohdan, Sub NMR Spectroscopy, NMR Spectroscopy, University College of London [London] (UCL), European Bioinformatics Institute [Hinxton] (EMBL-EBI), EMBL Heidelberg, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology [Bruxelles], VIB [Belgium], Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Science for Life Laboratory [Solna], Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (VU), IBIVU, Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences (IBIVU,), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Luxembourg Centre For Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg [Luxembourg], University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), Università degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata [Roma], Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI), Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Universität Hamburg (UHH), Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon (NOVA), Weizmann Institute of Science [Rehovot, Israël], Ressource Parisienne en Bioinformatique Structurale, Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), University of Oulu, Åbo Akademi University [Turku], Institute of Biotechnology of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IBT / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Bioinformatics, AIMMS, Integrative Bioinformatics, Sub NMR Spectroscopy, and NMR Spectroscopy

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Genomics, Biological Science Disciplines, ELIXIR, Instruct-ERIC, biomolecular structure, nucleic acids structure, protein structure, structural bioinformatics, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Field (computer science), 03 medical and health sciences, Structural bioinformatics, Data sequences, SDG 17 - Partnerships for the Goals, Humans, Settore BIO/10, General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics, computer.programming_language, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, General Immunology and Microbiology, Computational Biology, Proteins, General Medicine, Articles, Opinion Article, Data science, Outreach, Europe, 030104 developmental biology, Elixir (programming language), Benchmark data, computer
Abstract

Structural bioinformatics provides the scientific methods and tools to analyse, archive, validate, and present the biomolecular structure data generated by the structural biology community. It also provides an important link with the genomics community, as structural bioinformaticians also use the extensive sequence data to predict protein structures and their functional sites. A very broad and active community of structural bioinformaticians exists across Europe, and 3D-Bioinfo will establish formal platforms to address their needs and better integrate their activities and initiatives. Our mission will be to strengthen the ties with the structural biology research communities in Europe covering life sciences, as well as chemistry and physics and to bridge the gap between these researchers in order to fully realize the potential of structural bioinformatics. Our Community will also undertake dedicated educational, training and outreach efforts to facilitate this, bringing new insights and thus facilitating the development of much needed innovative applications e.g. for human health, drug and protein design. Our combined efforts will be of critical importance to keep the European research efforts competitive in this respect. Here we highlight the major European contributions to the field of structural bioinformatics, the most pressing challenges remaining and how Europe-wide interactions, enabled by ELIXIR and its platforms, will help in addressing these challenges and in coordinating structural bioinformatics resources across Europe. In particular, we present recent activities and future plans to consolidate an ELIXIR 3D-Bioinfo Community in structural bioinformatics and propose means to develop better links across the community. These include building new consortia, organising workshops to establish data standards and seeking community agreement on benchmark data sets and strategies. We also highlight existing and planned collaborations with other ELIXIR Communities and other European infrastructures, such as the structural biology community supported by Instruct-ERIC, with whom we have synergies and overlapping common interests.

Published
2020

29. Spectrophotometric variegation of the layering in comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as seen by OSIRIS

Author

Cesare Barbieri, W-H. Ip, Pedro J. Gutiérrez, Jakob Deller, Björn Davidsson, D. Bodewits, Gloria Tognon, R. Rodrigo, F. La Forgia, V. Petropoulou, Philippe Lamy, Prasanna Deshapriya, H. U. Keller, Cecilia Tubiana, M. A. Barucci, Holger Sierks, V. Da Deppo, Carsten Güttler, Matteo Massironi, Marco Fulle, Imre Toth, Michel Franceschi, Sabrina Ferrari, Giampiero Naletto, Alice Lucchetti, Detlef Koschny, M. De Cecco, E. Frattin, Sonia Fornasier, J. J. Lopez-Moreno, Monica Lazzarin, Maurizio Pajola, Ivano Bertini, Luca Penasa, Luisa Lara, Francesca Ferri, Francesco Marzari, Pamela Cambianica, Jean-Loup Bertaux, Gabriele Cremonese, Stefano Debei, Xian Shi, Stefano Mottola, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Department of Physics [Auburn], Auburn University (AU), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], University of Trento [Trento], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Space Science Institute [Macau] (SSI), Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Space Agency, Swedish National Space Agency, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), IMPEC - LATMOS, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Tognon, Gloria, Ferrari, S., Penasa, L., La Forgia, F., Massironi, M., Naletto, G., Lazzarin, M., Cambianica, P., Lucchetti, A., Pajola, M., Ferri, F., Güttler, C., Davidsson, B., Deshapriya, P., Fornasier, S., Mottola, S., Tóth, I., Sierks, H., Lamy, P. L., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Barbieri, C., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Bertini, I., Bodewits, D., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Deller, J., Franceschi, M., Frattin, E., Fulle, M., Gutiérrez, P. J., Ip, W. -H., Keller, H. U., Lara, L. M., López-Moreno, J. J., Marzari, F., Petropoulou, V., Shi, X., and Tubiana, C.

Subjects
Brightness, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Outcrop, Multispectral image, Narrow angle, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, WATER ICE, NUCLEUS, individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko [Comets], Methods: data analysis, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], medicine, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Physics, Multispectral data, biology, general [Comets], Astronomy and Astrophysics, biology.organism_classification, Lobe, Comets: general, medicine.anatomical_structure, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], comets: general – comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko – methods: data analysis, Osiris, Layering, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Between August 2014 and September 2016, the ESA space mission Rosetta escorted comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) during its perihelion passage. The onboard OSIRIS Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) acquired high-resolution multispectral images of the cometary surface. These datasets allowed a characterization of the spectrophotometric variegation of the layering of the large lobe, correlated with the layer structural elevation. Aims. We perform a spectrophotometric characterization of the outcropping stratification of the small lobe of 67P as a function of its structural elevation, and consequently, a spectrophotometric comparison of the layered outcrops of the two lobes. Methods. We selected two sequences of post-perihelion OSIRIS NAC images (similar to 2.4 au outbound to the Sun), from which we built up two multispectral images, framing an extended geological section of the onion-like stratification of the small lobe. Then we classified the consolidated areas of the outcropping and the relative coarse deposits that were identified in the multispectral data with a two-class maximum likelihood method. For this, we defined the classes as a function of the structural elevation of the surface. Results. As a result, we identified a brightness variegation of the surface reflectance that is correlated with the structural elevation. The outer class, which is located at higher elevations, appears darker than the inner class. This fits previously obtained results for the large lobe. The reflectance values of the nucleus of 67P tend to decrease with increasing structural elevation. Conclusions. The observed spectrophotometric variegation can be due to a different texture as well as to a different content of volatiles and refractories. We suggest that the outer outcrops appear darker because they have been exposed longer, and the inner outcrops appear brighter because the surface has been more effectively rejuvenated. We interpret this variegation as the result of an evolutionary process.© ESO 2019, We are grateful to Andrea Longobardo for suggestions and corrections that improved our paper. OSIRIS was built by a consortium of the Max-Planck-Institut fur Sonnensystemforschung, Gottingen, Germany, CISAS - University of Padova, Italy, the Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille, France, the Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia, CSIC, Granada, Spain, the Research and Scientific Support Department of the European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands, the Instituto Nacional de Tecnica Aeroespacial, Madrid, Spain, the Universidad Politechnica de Madrid, Spain, the Department of Physics and Astronomy of Uppsala University, Sweden, and the Institut fur Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze der Technischen Universitat Braunschweig, Germany. The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), France (CNES), Italy (ASI), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2019

30. Possibilités et contraintes des projets de développement fondés sur le lieu : comment atténuer les dépendances hiérarchiques dans un quartier en difficulté ?

Author

Virág, Tünde, Keller, Judit, Institute of Economics [Budapest], Research Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, développement fondé sur le lieu, [SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, spatial justice, changement institutionnel, institutional change, place-based development, institutional embeddedness, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, emboîtement institutionnel, empowerment of marginalised group, empowerment des groupes marginalisés, justice spatiale
Abstract

International audience; Recent studies have argued that place-based public policies can make a positive contribution to spatial justice. Arguably, the combination of procedural and distributive justice can enable local governance to develop appropriate procedures for more equitable distribution of public resources and for partnership and participation. Research in economic sociology, however, has found that place-based interventions, in order to generate positive resources for local development, must be based on a “virtuous relationship” between various scales of government. This relationship is shaped by a governance framework that applies principles of distributed authority, integration of various branches of policies, and partnership between the central state, lower levels of state and non-state actors. Our research analyses the case of a place-based developmental intervention against child poverty financed by the European Union Cohesion Policy in a small, disadvantaged town in the northeast periphery of Hungary. The findings of extended fieldwork funded by RELOCAL and NRDIO post-doctoral fellowship (112659) suggest that in the absence of a virtuous relationship between levels of government in domestic policy regimes, place-based interventions cannot make a positive contribution to spatial justice, but rather preserve existing inequalities in local power relations and in access to public services.; Des études récentes ont démontré les politiques fondées sur le lieu peuvent apporter une contribution positive à la justice spatiale. On peut soutenir que la combinaison de justice procédurale et distributive peut permettre à la gouvernance locale de développer des procédures appropriées pour une répartition plus équitable des ressources publiques dans un cadre partenarial et participatif. Des recherches en sociologie économique ont toutefois montré que ce type d’intervention, afin de générer des ressources positives en faveur du développement local, doivent s’appuyer sur une « relation vertueuse » entre différentes échelles de gouvernement. Cette relation est façonnée par un cadre de gouvernance qui applique les principes d’autorité distribuée, d’intégration de divers secteurs d’intervention et de partenariat entre l’État central, les niveaux inférieurs de l’État et les acteurs non étatiques. Notre recherche analyse le cas d’une intervention de développement, fondée sur le lieu et financée par la politique de cohésion de l’Union européenne, dont l’objectif est de lutter contre la pauvreté infantile dans une petite ville en difficulté à la périphérie nord-est de la Hongrie. Les résultats de ce travail de terrain prolongé et financé par les bourses postdoctorales RELOCAL et NRDIO (112659) suggèrent qu’en l’absence d’une relation vertueuse entre les niveaux de gouvernement dans un certain contexte politique national, ce type d’intervention ne peut apporter de contribution positive à la justice spatiale, mais tend à préserver les inégalités existantes dans les relations de pouvoir locales et dans l’accès aux services publics.

Published
2019

31. Le programme Paléolithique de la Hongrie, un programme du MEAE (ministère de l’Europe et des affaires étrangères)

Author

Agnès Lamotte, Jean Jacques Bahain, Balescu Sanda, Jean-Francois Berger, Antony Borel, Viviane Bout-Roumazeilles, Christophe Falguères, Loïc Lebreton, György Lengyel, Enikö Magyari, Mester Zsolt, Claude Monnet, Ágnes Novothny, Stéphane Péan, Marylène Patou-Mathis, Pierre-Gil Salvador, Péter Szolyák, Alain Trentesaux, Sandra Ventalon, Arpad Ringer, Histoire, Archéologie et Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Histoire naturelle de l'Homme préhistorique (HNHP), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnement, Ville, Société (EVS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences (LOG) - UMR 8187 (LOG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), University of Miskolc, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Département de Préhistoire et d'Histoire ancienne, Université de Miskolc, Université de Miskolc, Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo (EEP)), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géographie des milieux anthropisés (LGMA), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Processus et bilan des domaines sédimentaires (PBDS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Prehistory and Ancient History, Celet, Isabelle, Histoire Archéologie Littérature des Mondes Anciens - UMR 8164 (HALMA), Environnement Ville Société (EVS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Évolution, Écologie et Paléontologie (Evo-Eco-Paleo) - UMR 8198 (Evo-Eco-Paléo), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon (ENSAL)-École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université du Littoral Côte d'Opale (ULCO)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

32. Hypothalamic dopamine signalling regulates brown fat thermogenesis

Author

Roger A.H. Adan, Amparo Romero-Picó, Pablo Aguiar, Silvia Barja-Fernandez, Gema Frühbeck, Cintia Folgueira, René Hernández-Bautista, Noemí Gómez-Lado, Begoña Porteiro, Vincent Prevot, Miguel López, Cecilia Castelao, Jose L. Labandeira-Garcia, Rubén Nogueiras, Zsolt Liposits, Patricia Seoane-Collazo, Manon Duquenne, Carlos Dieguez, Diana Guallar, Miguel Fidalgo, Javier Salvador, Imre Kalló, Clemence Blouet, Ana Senra, Emmanuel Valjent, Rosalía Gallego, Marcos F. Fondevila, Luisa M. Seoane, Françoise Jeanrenaud, Emma Puighermanal, Daniel Beiroa, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela [Spain] (USC ), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U837 (JPArc), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle (IGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Reproductive Neurobiology, Division of Women's Health, School of Medicine, King‘s College London, Laboratory of Endocrine Neurobiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine [Budapest] (KOKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion (CIBEROBN), Centre de Recherche Jean-Pierre AUBERT Neurosciences et Cancer - U1172 Inserm - U837 (JPArc), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE)-Université de Lille, and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Agonist, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Sympathetic nervous system, medicine.drug_class, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Dopamine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Hypothalamus, Stimulation, Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Adipose Tissue, Brown, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, Dopamine receptor D2, Internal Medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Bromocriptine, 030304 developmental biology, Injections, Intraventricular, 0303 health sciences, Thermogenesis, Cell Biology, Orexin, Rats, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Dopamine receptor, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug, Signal Transduction
Abstract

International audience; Dopamine signaling is a crucial part of the brain reward system and can affect feeding behavior. Dopamine receptors are also expressed in the hypothalamus, which is known to control energy metabolism in peripheral tissues. Here we show that pharmacological or chemogenetic stimulation of dopamine receptor 2 (D2R) expressing cells in the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) and the zona incerta (ZI) decreases body weight and stimulates brown fat activity in rodents in a feeding-independent manner. LHA/ZI D2R stimulation requires an intact sympathetic nervous system and orexin system to exert its action and involves inhibition of PI3K in the LHA/ZI. We further demonstrate that, as early as 3 months after onset of treatment, patients treated with the D2R agonist cabergoline experience an increase in energy expenditure that persists for one year, leading to total body weight and fat loss through a prolactin-independent mechanism. Our results may provide a mechanistic explanation for how clinically used D2R agonists act in the CNS to regulate energy balance.

Published
2019

33. Modification of the Coulomb Logarithm due to Electron-Neutral Collisions

Author

Nikolay Dyatko, Gerjan Hagelaar, Zoltan Donko, Groupe de Recherche Energétique, Plasmas et Hors Equilibre (LAPLACE-GREPHE), LAboratoire PLasma et Conversion d'Energie (LAPLACE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics [Budapest], Wigner Research Centre for Physics [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), and Troitsk Institute for Innovation and Fusion Research (TRINITI)

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Logarithm, Coulomb collision, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect, 01 natural sciences, Boltzmann equation, symbols.namesake, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], Ionization, 0103 physical sciences, Boltzmann constant, symbols, Coulomb, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics
Abstract

International audience; We demonstrate that in partially ionized plasmas, Coulomb scattering can be significantly perturbed by electron collisions with neutral gas particles, and that this effect can be incorporated in the Coulomb collision terms of the Boltzmann equation by a modification of the classical Coulomb logarithm. We show that Boltzmann transport calculations using this modified Coulomb logarithm are in excellent agreement, for a sensitive model problem and a wide range of conditions, with particle simulations describing the many-body Coulomb interactions from first principles.

Published
2019

34. The B-Star Exoplanet Abundance Study: a co-moving 16–25 M Jup companion to the young binary system HIP 79098

Author

Carbillet, M., Maurel, D., Origné, A., Rigal, F., Sevin, A., De Boer, J., van Holstein, R. G., Dohlen, K., Snik, F., Keller, C. U., Ginski, C., Stam, D. M., Wahhaj, Z., Kasper, M., Rabou, P., Hugot, E., Perret, D., Martinez, P., Pragt, J., Coroller, H. Le, Dominik, C., Turatto, M., Udry, S., Beuzit, J. -L., Le Coroller, H., Mennesson, B., Bailey, V., Kasdin, J., Trauger, J., Absil, O., Akeson, R., Armus, L., Baudoz, P., Bellini, A., Bennett, D., Berriman, B., Calchi-Novati, S., Carpenter, K., Chen, C., Danchi, W., Debes, J., Defrere, D., Ertel, S., Frerking, M., Gelino, C., Girard, J. H., Groff, T., Kane, S., Helou, G., Kalirai, J., Krist, J., Kruk, J., Hasegawa, Y., Laine, S., Lowrance, P., Malhotra, S., Mandell, A., Marshall, P., McElwain, M., Meshkat, T., Millan-Gabet, R., Moustakas, L., Nemati, B., Paladini, R., Postman, M., Pueyo, L., Quintana, E., Ramirez, S., Rhodes, J., Riggs, A. J. E., Rizzo, M., Soummer, R., Stapelfeldt, K., Stark, C., Turnbull, M., van der Marel, R., Ygouf, M., Wyatt, M., Zhao, F., Zimmerman, N., Loh, Alan, Messina, Sergio, Brandner, Wolfgang, Buenzli, Esther, Daemgen, Sebastien, Lagadec, Eric, Mouillet, David, Peretti, Sébastien, Janin-Potiron, Pierre, Salter, Graeme, Roux, Alain, Llored, Marc, Buey, Jean-Tristan, Pavlov, Alexei, Petit, C., Pawellek, Nicole, Moór, Attila, Milli, Julien, Kóspál, Ágnes, Olofsson, Johan, Ábrahám, Péter, Keppler, Miriam, Kral, Quentin, Pohl, Adriana, Augereau, Jean-Charles, Choquet, Elodie, Engler, Natalia, Lee, Eve J., Thebault, Philippe, Lee, Eve, Podio, L., Bacciotti, F., Antoniucci, S., Codella, C., Dougados, C., Nisini, B., Schmid, H. M., Stolker, T., Baudino, J. L., Biller, Beth, Bonavita, M., Galicher, R., Grandjean, A., Lagrange, Anne-Marie, Lannier, Justine, Maire, Anne-Lise, Perrot, Clément, Delboulbé, A., Mignant, D. Le, Fantinel, D., Moeller-Nilsson, O., Weber, Luc, Sauvage, J. -F., Le Mignant, D., Möller-Nilsson, O., Mesa, Dino, Garufi, A., D'Orazi, V., Flasseur, O., Barbieri, M., Benisty, M., Henning, Thomas, Ligi, R., Sissa, Elena, Zurlo, Alice, Boccaletti, Anthony, Cantalloube, F., Cheetham, Anthony, De Caprio, V., Feldt, Markus, Fusco, T., Gluck, L., Hagelberg, J., Lagrange, A. -M., Lazzoni, C., Madec, F., Maire, A. -L., Ménard, F., Meyer, M., Ramos, J., Rickman, E. L., Rouan, D., Schmidt, T., van der Plas, G., D’Orazi, V., De Caprio, V, Lagrange, A-M, Maire, A-L, Van der Plas, G, Janson, Markus, Asensio-Torres, Ruben, André, Damien, Bonnefoy, Mickaël, Delorme, Philippe, Reffert, Sabine, Desidera, Silvano, Langlois, M, Chauvin, G., Gratton, Raffaele, Bohn, Alexander J., Eriksson, Simon C., Marleau, Gabriel-Dominique, Mamajek, Eric E., Vigan, Arthur, Carson, Joseph C., Bohn, Alexander, Eriksson, Simon, Mamajek, Eric, Carson, Joseph, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculty of Aerospace Engineering [Delft], Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), Department of International Development, University of Oxford [Oxford], Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA USA, Partenaires IRSTEA, Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Space Sciences, Technologies and Astrophysics Research Institute (STAR), Université de Liège, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology [Zürich] (ETH Zürich), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Collège de France (CdF (institution)), Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Axe 4 : céramiques sous contraintes environnementales (SPCTS-AXE4), Science des Procédés Céramiques et de Traitements de Surface (SPCTS), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Céramique Industrielle (ENSCI)-Institut des Procédés Appliqués aux Matériaux (IPAM), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (LAOG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landessternwarte Königstuhl [ZAH] (LSW), Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg], Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Stockholm University, Universität Heidelberg [Heidelberg] = Heidelberg University, École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departamento de Ingeniería Matemática [Santiago] (DIM), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Leiden, Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik [Tübingen] (IAAT), Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen = Eberhard Karls University of Tuebingen, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Rochester], University of Rochester [USA], College of Charleston, ANR-10-LABX-0056,OSUG@2020,Innovative strategies for observing and modelling natural systems(2010), and European Project: 678194,H2020,ERC-2015-STG,FALCONER(2016)

Subjects
planets and satellites: detection, Proper motion, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stellar mass, Brown dwarf, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mass ratio, stars: early-type, Exoplanet, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Circumbinary planet, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, brown dwarfs
Abstract

Wide low-mass substellar companions are known to be very rare among low-mass stars, but appear to become increasingly common with increasing stellar mass. However, B-type stars, which are the most massive stars within ~150 pc of the Sun, have not yet been examined to the same extent as AFGKM-type stars in that regard. In order to address this issue, we launched the ongoing B-star Exoplanet Abundance Study (BEAST) to examine the frequency and properties of planets, brown dwarfs, and disks around B-type stars in the Scorpius-Centaurus (Sco-Cen) association; we also analyzed archival data of B-type stars in Sco-Cen. During this process, we identified a candidate substellar companion to the B9-type spectroscopic binary HIP 79098 AB, which we refer to as HIP 79098 (AB)b. The candidate had been previously reported in the literature, but was classified as a background contaminant on the basis of its peculiar colors. Here we demonstrate that the colors of HIP 79098 (AB)b are consistent with several recently discovered young and low-mass brown dwarfs, including other companions to stars in Sco-Cen. Furthermore, we show unambiguous common proper motion over a 15-year baseline, robustly identifying HIP 79098 (AB)b as a bona fide substellar circumbinary companion at a 345+/-6 AU projected separation to the B9-type stellar pair. With a model-dependent mass of 16-25 Mjup yielding a mass ratio of, 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2019

35. Multidisciplinary analysis of the Hapi region located on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko

Author

Wing-Huen Ip, Philippe Lamy, Carsten Güttler, F. La Forgia, Nilda Oklay, R. Rodrigo, Z. Y. Lin, Dennis Bodewits, Stefano Debei, V. Da Deppo, H. U. Keller, Luca Penasa, Jakob Deller, Maurizio Pajola, Alice Lucchetti, Gabriele Cremonese, Giampiero Naletto, Sonia Fornasier, Detlef Koschny, Marco Fulle, P. J. Gutierrez, M. De Cecco, Holger Sierks, J. J. Lopez Moreno, Francesco Marzari, J.-C. Lee, Matteo Massironi, F. Preusker, Ivano Bertini, Stubbe F. Hviid, Sabrina Ferrari, Imre Tóth, Jessica Agarwal, Pamela Cambianica, Xian Shi, Frank Scholten, Lorenza Giacomini, Jean-Loup Bertaux, M. A. Barucci, Stefano Mottola, Luisa Lara, Björn Davidsson, M. R. El Maarry, Clement Feller, Cecilia Tubiana, Monica Lazzarin, Jean-Baptiste Vincent, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Atmospheric Sciences [Taoyuan City], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', CNR Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie [Padova] (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] (CNR), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], Space Science Institute [Macau] (SSI), Macau University of Science and Technology (MUST), IMPEC - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC)-Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA), International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA), Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Department of Physics [Auburn], Auburn University (AU), Department of Mechanical Engineering [Padova], Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Universita degli Studi di Padova-Universita degli Studi di Padova, University of Trento [Trento], Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Institut d'Astronomie et d'Astrophysique [Bruxelles] (IAA), Université Libre de Bruxelles [Bruxelles] (ULB), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), European Space Agency, Swedish National Space Board, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (España), Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Unidad de Excelencia Científica María de Maeztu Centro de Astrobiología del Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial y CSIC, MDM-2017-0737, Pajola, M. [0000-0002-3144-1277], Penasa, L. [0000-0002-6394-3108], Fornasier, S. [0000-0001-7678-3310], Lucchetti, A. [0000-0001-7413-3058], Vicent, J. B. [0000-0001-6575-3079], Naletto, G. [0000-0003-2007-3138], Barucci, M. A. [0000-0002-1345-0890], Bertaux, J. L. [0000-0003-0333-229X], Deller, J. [0000-0001-8341-007X], Fulle, M. [0000-0001-8435-5287], Güttler, C. [0000-0003-4277-1738], Tubiana, C. [0000-0001-8475-9898], Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, PLANETO - LATMOS, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Agenzia Spaziale Italiana (ASI), Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), and Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)

Subjects
Asteroiden und Kometen, statistical [Methods], Comet, individual (67P C-G) [Comets], Comets: individual (67P C-G), Methods: data analysis, Methods: statistical, 01 natural sciences, Methods statistical, Gravitational potential, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, Physics, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Multidisciplinary analysis, Planetengeodäsie, 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko Comets Rosetta Hapi, Northern Hemisphere, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, methods: data analysis –methods: statistical – comets: individual (67P C-G), Space and Planetary Science, Ridge, individual: 67P C-G [Comets], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

By using the Rosetta/OSIRIS-NAC data set taken in 2014 August, we focus on the neck region, called Hapi, located on 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko's Northern hemisphere. The gravitational potential and slopes of Hapi, coupled with the geological unit identification and the boulder size-frequency distributions, support the interpretation that both taluses and gravitational accumulation deposits observable on Hapi are the result of multiple cliff collapses that occurred at different times. By contrast, the fine-particle deposits observable in the central part of the study area are made of aggregates coming from the Southern hemisphere and deposited during each perihelion passage. Both the consolidated terrains on the western part of Hapi, as well as the centrally aligned ridge made of boulder-like features, suggest that Hapi is in structural continuity with the onion-like structure of the main lobe of 67P. Despite the dusty blanket observable on Hapi, its terrains are characterized by water-ice-rich components that, once repeatedly and rapidly illuminated, sublimate, hence resulting in the strong jet activity observed in 2014 August.© 2019 The Author(s)., The support of the national funding agencies of Germany (DLR), Italy (ASI), France (CNES), Spain (MEC), Sweden (SNSB), and the ESA Technical Directorate is gratefully acknowledged.

Published
2019

36. Fire on ice and frozen trees? Inappropriate radiocarbon dating leads to unrealistic reconstructions

Author

Finsinger, Walter, Schwörer, Christoph, Heiri, Oliver, Morales-Molino, César, Ribolini, Adriano, Giesecke, Thomas, Haas, Jean Nicolas, Kaltenrieder, Petra, Magyari, Enikő, Ravazzi, Cesare, Rubiales, Juan Manuel, Tinner, Willy, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, UMR 5805 Environnements et Paléoenvironnements Océaniques et Continentaux (EPOC), Observatoire aquitain des sciences de l'univers (OASU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución [Madrid], Universidad Complutense de Madrid = Complutense University of Madrid [Madrid] (UCM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques (EPOC), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), and Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Subjects
treeline, refugia, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, nunatak, Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, European Alps, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

37. Transient Inverse-FIP Plasma Composition Evolution within a Confined Solar Flare

Author

Baker, Deborah, van Driel-Gesztelyi, Lidia, Brooks, David H., Valori, Gherardo, James, Alexander W., Laming, J. Martin, Long, David M., Demoulin, Pascal, Green, Lucie M., Matthews, Sarah A., Olah, Katalin, Kovari, Zsolt, Mullard Space Science Laboratory (MSSL), University College of London [London] (UCL), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), George Mason University [Fairfax], Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.ASTR.SR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
Abstract

Understanding elemental abundance variations in the solar corona provides an insight into how matter and energy flow from the chromosphere into the heliosphere. Observed variations depend on the first ionization potential (FIP) of the main elements of the Sun's atmosphere. High-FIP elements (>10 eV) maintain photospheric abundances in the corona, whereas low-FIP elements have enhanced abundances. Conversely, inverse FIP (IFIP) refers to the enhancement of high-FIP or depletion of low-FIP elements. We use spatially resolved spectroscopic observations, specifically the Ar XIV/Ca XIV intensity ratio, from Hinode's Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer to investigate the distribution and evolution of plasma composition within two confined flares in a newly emerging, highly sheared active region. During the decay phase of the first flare, patches above the flare ribbons evolve from the FIP to the IFIP effect, while the flaring loop tops show a stronger FIP effect. The patch and loop compositions then evolve toward the pre-flare basal state. We propose an explanation of how flaring in strands of highly sheared emerging magnetic fields can lead to flare-modulated IFIP plasma composition over coalescing umbrae which are crossed by flare ribbons. Subsurface reconnection between the coalescing umbrae leads to the depletion of low-FIP elements as a result of an increased wave flux from below. This material is evaporated when the flare ribbons cross the umbrae. Our results are consistent with the ponderomotive fractionation model (Laming2015) for the creation of IFIP-biased plasma., 18 pages, 9 figures

Published
2019

38. Oxidized hemoglobin forms contribute to NLRP3 inflammasome-driven IL-1β production upon intravascular hemolysis

Author

Andrea Tóth, Mario D. Cordero, Judit Zsuzsa Erdei, Viktória Jeney, Béla Nagy, Enikő Balogh, György Paragh, Bernhard Ryffel, Benard Bogonko Nyakundi, Enteric Bacterilogy and Foodborn Zoonoses, Institute of Experimental Medicine [Budapest] (KOKI), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Immunologie et Embryologie Moléculaires (IEM), and Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Inflammasomes, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Interleukin-1beta, Inflammation, Heme, Peritonitis, Hemolysis, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Hemoglobins, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, medicine, Extracellular, Macrophage, Animals, Elméleti orvostudományok, Molecular Biology, Methemoglobin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Innate immune system, Chemistry, Macrophages, Caspase 1, Pattern recognition receptor, Inflammasome, Orvostudományok, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Enzyme Activation, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, RAW 264.7 Cells, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Molecular Medicine, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, medicine.symptom, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.drug
Abstract

Damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are released form red blood cells (RBCs) during intravascular hemolysis (IVH). Extracellular heme, with its pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects, is sensed by innate immune cells through pattern recognition receptors such as toll-like receptor 4 and nucleotide-binding domain and leucine rich repeat containing family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), while free availability of heme is strictly controlled. Here we investigated the involvement of different hemoglobin (Hb) forms in hemolysis-associated inflammatory responses. We found that after IVH most of the extracellular heme molecules are localized in oxidized Hb forms. IVH was associated with caspase-1 activation and formation of mature IL-1β in plasma and in the liver of C57BL/6 mice. We showed that ferrylHb (FHb) induces active IL-1β production in LPS-primed macrophages in vitro and triggered intraperitoneal recruitment of neutrophils and monocytes, caspase-1 activation and active IL-1β formation in the liver of C57BL/6 mice. NLRP3 deficiency provided a survival advantage upon IVH, without influencing the extent of RBC lysis or the accumulation of oxidized Hb forms. However, both hemolysis-induced and FHb-induced pro-inflammatory responses were largely attenuated in Nlrp3-/- mice. Taken together, FHb is a potent trigger of NLRP3 activation and production of IL-1β in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that FHb may contribute to hemolysis-induced inflammation. Identification of RBC-derived DAMPs might allow us to develop new therapeutic approaches for hemolytic diseases.

Published
2019

39. Arabidopsis CER1-LIKE1 Functions in a Cuticular Very-Long-Chain Alkane-Forming Complex

Author

Amélie Bernard, Owen Rowland, Stéphanie Pascal, Ashley Fournier-Goss, Julien Gronnier, Frédéric Domergue, Paul Deslous, Jérôme Joubès, Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lorraine (UL), Biologie végétale intégrative (BVI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre [Budapest] (BRC), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Arabidopsis, Plant Science, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 01 natural sciences, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Gene expression, Cytochrome b5, Alkanes, Tobacco, Genetics, Arabidopsis thaliana, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Carbon-Carbon Lyases, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Alkane, chemistry.chemical_classification, Wax, biology, Plant Stems, Arabidopsis Proteins, Endoplasmic reticulum, Nuclear Proteins, Articles, biology.organism_classification, Plants, Genetically Modified, Plant Leaves, Enzyme, chemistry, Biochemistry, visual_art, Waxes, Mutation, visual_art.visual_art_medium, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Plant aerial organs are coated with cuticular waxes, a hydrophobic layer that primarily serves as a waterproofing barrier. Cuticular wax is a mixture of aliphatic very-long-chain molecules, ranging from 22 to 48 carbons, produced in the endoplasmic reticulum of epidermal cells. Among all wax components, alkanes represent up to 80% of total wax in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaves. Odd-numbered alkanes and their derivatives are produced through the alkane-forming pathway. Although the chemical reactions of this pathway have been well described, the enzymatic mechanisms catalyzing these reactions remain unclear. We previously showed that a complex made of Arabidopsis ECERIFERUM1 (CER1) and CER3 catalyzes the conversion of acyl-Coenzyme A’s to alkanes with strict substrate specificity for compounds containing more than 29 carbons. To learn more about alkane biosynthesis in Arabidopsis, we characterized the biochemical specificity and physiological functions of a CER1 homolog, CER1-LIKE1. In a yeast strain engineered to produce very-long-chain fatty acids, CER1-LIKE1 interacted with CER3 and cytochrome B5 to form a functional complex leading to the production of alkanes that are of different chain lengths compared to that produced by CER1-containing complexes. Gene expression analysis showed that both CER1 and CER1-LIKE1 are differentially expressed in an organ- and tissue-specific manner. Moreover, the inactivation or overexpression of CER1-LIKE1 in Arabidopsis transgenic lines specifically impacted alkane biosynthesis and wax crystallization. Collectively, our study reports on the identification of a further plant alkane synthesis enzymatic component and supports a model in which several alkane-forming complexes with distinct chain-length specificities coexist in plants.

Published
2019

40. Arabidopsis CER1-LIKE1 Functions in a Cuticular Very-Long-Chain Alkane-Forming Complex 1

Author

Pascal, Stephanie, Bernard, Amelie, Deslous, Paul, Gronnier, Julien, Fournier-Goss, Ashley, Domergue, Frédéric, Rowland, Owen, JOUBES, Jérôme, Laboratoire de biogenèse membranaire (LBM), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biologie végétale intégrative (BVI), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2, Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre [Budapest] (BRC), and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

41. Endogenous Calcification Inhibitors in the Prevention of Vascular Calcification: A Consensus Statement From the COST Action EuroSoftCalcNet

Author

Bäck, Magnus, Aranyi, Tamas, Cancela, M Leonor, Carracedo, Miguel, Conceição, Natércia, Leftheriotis, Georges, Macrae, Vicky, Martin, Ludovic, Nitschke, Yvonne, Pasch, Andreas, Quaglino, Daniela, Rutsch, Frank, Shanahan, Catherine, Sorribas, Victor, Szeri, Flora, Valdivielso, Pedro, Vanakker, Olivier, Kempf, Hervé, Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Institute of Enzymology [Budapest], Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Centre of Marine Sciences [Faro] (CCMAR), University of Algarve [Portugal], Laboratoire de PhysioMédecine Moléculaire (LP2M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), The Roslin Institute, Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire et Mitochondriale (MITOVASC), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University Hospital Münster - Universitaetsklinikum Muenster [Germany] (UKM), Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia (UNIMORE), King‘s College London, University of Zaragoza - Universidad de Zaragoza [Zaragoza], Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Jefferson (Philadelphia University + Thomas Jefferson University), Universidad de Málaga [Málaga] = University of Málaga [Málaga], Center for Medical Genetics [Ghent], Ghent University Hospital, Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire (IMoPA), and Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
pyrophosphate, osteopontin, arterial calcification, fetuin, gla proteins, klotho, osteoprotegerin, CARDIOVASCULAR MORTALITY, Mini Review, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ARTERIAL CALCIFICATION, MATRIX GLA PROTEIN, MOUSE MODEL, Cardiovascular Medicine, PSEUDOXANTHOMA ELASTICUM, ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE, PLASMA FETUIN-A, Medicine and Health Sciences, INORGANIC PYROPHOSPHATE, VITAMIN-K, ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY
Abstract

The physicochemical deposition of calcium-phosphate in the arterial wall is prevented by calcification inhibitors. Studies in cohorts of patients with rare genetic diseases have shed light on the consequences of loss-of-function mutations for different calcification inhibitors, and genetic targeting of these pathways in mice have generated a clearer picture on the mechanisms involved. For example, generalized arterial calcification of infancy (GACI) is caused by mutations in the enzyme ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (eNPP1), preventing the hydrolysis of ATP into pyrophosphate (PPi). The importance of PPi for inhibiting arterial calcification has been reinforced by the protective effects of PPi in various mouse models displaying ectopic calcifications. Besides PPi, Matrix Gla Protein (MGP) has been shown to be another potent calcification inhibitor as Keutel patients carrying a mutation in the encoding gene or Mgp-deficient mice develop spontaneous calcification of the arterial media. Whereas PPi and MGP represent locally produced calcification inhibitors, also systemic factors contribute to protection against arterial calcification. One such example is Fetuin-A, which is mainly produced in the liver and which forms calciprotein particles (CPPs), inhibiting growth of calcium-phosphate crystals in the blood and thereby preventing their soft tissue deposition. Other calcification inhibitors with potential importance for arterial calcification include osteoprotegerin, osteopontin, and klotho. The aim of the present review is to outline the latest insights into how different calcification inhibitors prevent arterial calcification both under physiological conditions and in the case of disturbed calcium-phosphate balance, and to provide a consensus statement on their potential therapeutic role for arterial calcification. Agência financiadora COST action - CA16115 EuroSoftCalcNet info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
2019

42. Paleoclimate reconstruction and mire development in the Eastern Great Hungarian Plain for the last 20,000 years

Author

Walter Finsinger, Zoltán Szalai, Zoltán Szabó, Tamás Deli, Gusztáv Jakab, Ildikó Vincze, Enikő K. Magyari, Katalin Hubay, Mihály Braun, Daniel Veres, Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 010506 paleontology, Betula nana, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Swamp, Phragmites, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Mire, Dominance (ecology), [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Selaginella selaginoides, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, Ecology, Paleontology, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], 13. Climate action, Indicator species, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; We present the reconstruction of mire vegetation changes and fire history recorded in a continuous sediment profile that spans the last 20,000 cal yr BP from the Late Pleniglacial to Holocene in North-eastern Hungary. We also aimed to reveal past climate changes by using ecological requirements of specific aquatic plants as summer temperature indicators. Our results suggest the formation of a mesotrophic mire around 20,000 cal yr BP with brown moss, Betula sp. and Selaginella selaginoides cover beside the occurrence of Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia and T. angustifolia suggesting base-rich fen and tundra-like wet-ground habitats on the lakeshore. This community shifted to reed dominated swamp at c. 18,300 cal yr BP with inferred min. July temperatures of 12–15.7°C. Pinus sp., Betula nana, B. pendula/pubescens, Hippuris vulgaris and P. australis dominated until 16,600 cal yr BP pointing to shallow muddy stagnant water and colder climatic conditions than in the preceding interval. The most warmth-demanding species, T. latifolia and T. angustifolia indicated July mean temperatures > 14-15.7°C soon after the LGM. The formation of biogenic carbonate also started at an early stage; major accumulation occurred between 15,200 and 10,000 cal yr BP. In the Early Holocene, environmental indicator species (e.g. Phragmites australis and T. latifolia) pointed to warmer and shallower conditions, while the late Holocene was characterised by strong eutrophication and reed swamp dominance on the lakeshore. Elevated macrocharcoal concentration, wood fragments and remains of Typha species suggested frequent local fires and dry mire surface conditions during the last 1700 years.

Published
2019

43. II. Resolved common proper motion pairs

Author

Kervella, Pierre, Gallenne, Alexandre, Evans, Nancy Remage, Szabados, Laszlo, Arenou, Frédéric, Mérand, Antoine, Nardetto, Nicolas, Gieren, Wolfgang, Pietrzynski, Grzegorz, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Smithsonian Institution, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Galaxies, Etoiles, Physique, Instrumentation (GEPI), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Concepción [Chile], Copernicus Astronomical Center of the Polish Academy of Sciences (CAMK), Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
stars: variables: RR Lyrae, proper motions, binaries: general, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], astrometry, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], binaries: visual, stars: variables: Cepheids
Abstract

International audience; Context. The multiplicity of classical Cepheids (CCs) and RR Lyrae stars (RRLs) is still imperfectly known, particularly for RRLs. Aims. In order to complement the close-in short orbital period systems presented in Paper I, our aim is to detect the wide, spatially resolved companions of the targets of our reference samples of Galactic CCs and RRLs. Methods. Angularly resolved common proper motion pairs were detected using a simple progressive selection algorithm to separate the most probable candidate companions from the unrelated field stars. Results. We found 27 resolved, high probability gravitationally bound systems with CCs out of 456 examined stars, and one unbound star embedded in the circumstellar dusty nebula of the long-period Cepheid RS Pup. We found seven spatially resolved, probably bound systems with RRL primaries out of 789 investigated stars, and 22 additional candidate pairs. We report in particular new companions of three bright RRLs: OV And (companion of F4V spectral type), RR Leo (M0V), and SS Oct (K2V). In addition, we discovered resolved companions of 14 stars that were likely misclassified as RRLs. Conclusions. The detection of resolved non-variable companions around CCs and RRLs facilitates the validation of their Gaia DR2 parallaxes. The possibility to conduct a detailed analysis of the resolved coeval companions of CCs and old population RRLs will also be valuable to progress on our understanding of their evolutionary path.

Published
2019

44. VERNALIZATION1 controls developmental responses of winter wheat under high ambient temperatures

Author

Vincent Allard, Tibor Kiss, Nikolai M. Adamski, Simon Griffiths, Zhenshan Liu, Yiliang Ding, Laura E. Dixon, Scott A. Boden, Ildikó Karsai, Department of Crop Genetics, John Innes Centre [Norwich], Department of Molecular Breeding, Centre for Agricultural Research [Budapest] (ATK), Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Tel Aviv University [Tel Aviv]-Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Génétique Diversité et Ecophysiologie des Céréales (GDEC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBS/E/J/000PR9779, BB/P016855/1), the Royal Society (UF150081), and the International Wheat Yield Partnership (IWYP76), Department of Crop Genetics [Norwich], Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Tel Aviv University (TAU)-Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), and Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Winter wheat, Biology, Flowering time, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, blé, wheat, température, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Stage specific, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, photoperiodism, 0303 health sciences, flowering, floraison, fungi, Temperature, food and beverages, Vernalization, eye diseases, Horticulture, Vernalization response, sense organs, Research Article, 010606 plant biology & botany, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Low temperatures are required to regulate the transition from vegetative to reproductive growth via a pathway called vernalization. In wheat, vernalization predominantly involves the cold upregulation of the floral activator VERNALIZATION1 (VRN1). Here, we have used an extreme vernalization response, identified through studying ambient temperature responses, to reveal the complexity of temperature inputs into VRN-A1, with allelic inter-copy variation at a gene expansion of VRN-A1 modulating these effects. We find that the repressors of the reproductive transition, VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2) and ODDSOC2, are re-activated when plants experience high temperatures during and after vernalization. In addition, this re-activation is regulated by photoperiod for VRN2 but was independent of photoperiod for ODDSOC2. We also find this warm temperature interruption affects flowering time and floret number and is stage specific. This research highlights the important balance between floral activators and repressors in coordinating the response of a plant to temperature, and that the absence of warmth is essential for the completion of vernalization. This knowledge can be used to develop agricultural germplasm with more predictable vernalization responses that will be more resilient to variable growth temperatures., Highlighted Article: Analysis of the flowering and growth responses of a range of Triticum aestivum cultivars to warmer growth temperatures reveals an additional layer of temperature regulation in the vernalization response pathway.

Published
2019

45. Spitzer Space Telescope observations of bilobate comet 8P/Tuttle

Author

Olivier Groussin, Hal Weaver, Imre Toth, Michael S. P. Kelley, Laurent Jorda, Philippe Lamy, Yanga R. Fernandez, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Physics [Orlando] (UCF | Physics), University of Central Florida [Orlando] (UCF), Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory [Laurel, MD] (APL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Rotation period, Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, Comet, Ecliptic, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Albedo, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Spitzer Space Telescope, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Geometric albedo, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Comet 8P/Tuttle is a Nearly Isotropic Comet (NIC), whose physical properties are poorly known and could be different from those of Ecliptic Comets (EC) owing to their different origin. Two independent observations have shown that 8P has a bilobate nucleus. Our goal is to determine the physical properties of the nucleus (size, shape, thermal inertia, albedo) and coma (water and dust) of 8P/Tuttle. We observed the inner coma of 8P with the infrared spectrograph (IRS) and the infrared camera (MIPS) of the Spitzer Space Telescope (SST). We obtained one spectrum (5-40 $\mu$m) on 2 November 2007 and a set of 19 images at 24 $\mu$m on 22-23 June 2008 sampling the nucleus rotational period. The data were interpreted using thermal models for the nucleus and the dust coma, and considering 2 possible shape models of the nucleus derived from respectively Hubble Space Telescope visible and Arecibo radar observations. We favor a nucleus shape model composed of 2 contact spheres with respective radii of 2.7+/-0.1 km and 1.1+/-0.1 km and a pole orientation with RA=285+/-12 deg and DEC=+20+/-5 deg. The nucleus has a thermal inertia in the range 0-100 J/K/m^2/s^0.5 and a R-band geometric albedo of 0.042+/-0.008. The water production rate amounts to 1.1+/-0.2x10^28~molecules/s at 1.6 AU from the Sun pre-perihelion, which corresponds to an active fraction of 9%. At the same distance, the $\epsilon f \rho$ quantity amounts to 310+/-34 cm at 1.6~AU, and reaches 325+/-36 cm at 2.2~AU post-perihelion. The dust grain temperature is estimated to 258+/-10 K, which is 37 K larger than the thermal equilibrium temperature at 1.6 AU. This indicates that the dust grains contributing to the thermal infrared flux have a typical size of 10 $\mu$m. The dust spectrum exhibits broad emissions around 10 $\mu$m (1.5-sigma confidence level) and 18 $\mu$m (5-sigma confidence level) that we attribute to amorphous pyroxene., Comment: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics. 14 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables

Published
2019

46. Fire risk modulation by long-term dynamics in land cover and dominant forest type in Eastern and Central Europe

Author

Angelica Feurdean, Boris Vannière, Walter Finsinger, Dan Warren, Simon C. Connor, Matthew Forrest, Johan Liakka, Andrei Panait, Christian Werner, Maja Andrič, Premysl Bobek, Vachel A. Carter, Basil Davis, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Elisabeth Dietze, Ingo Feeser, Gabriela Florescu, Mariusz Gałka, Thomas Giesecke, Susanne Jahns, Eva Jamrichová, Katarzyna Kajukało, Jed Kaplan, Monika Karpińska-Kołaczek, Piotr Kołaczek, Petr Kuneš, Dimitry Kupriyanov, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Carsten Lemmen, Enikö K. Magyari, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Aidin Niamir, Elena Novenko, Milena Obremska, Anna Pędziszewska, Mirjam Pfeiffer, Anneli Poska, Manfred Rösch, Michal Słowiński, Miglė Stančikaitė, Marta Szal, Joanna Święta-Musznicka, Ioan Tanţău, Martin Theuerkauf, Spassimir Tonkov, Orsolya Valkó, Juri Vassiljev, Siim Veski, Ildiko Vincze, Agnieszka Wacnik, Julian Wiethold, Thomas Hickler, Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main-Senckenberg – Leibniz Institution for Biodiversity and Earth System Research - Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Leibniz Association-Leibniz Association, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center [Bergen] (NERSC), Babes-Bolyai University [Cluj-Napoca] (UBB), Heidelberg University, Institut za arheologijo (ZRC SAZU), Znanstvenoraziskovalni center SAZU - Institut za arheologijo, Institute of Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences (IB / CAS), Czech Academy of Sciences [Prague] (CAS), Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), GeoForschungsZentrum - Helmholtz-Zentrum Potsdam (GFZ), Institut fûr Ur- und Frühgeschichte, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (CAU), Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (UAM), Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, Georg-August-University [Göttingen]-Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Brandenburgisches Landesamt für Denkmalpflege und Archäologisches Landesmuseum, Institute of Geoecology and Geoinformation, ARVE, Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Monitoring, Faculty of Geographical and Geological Sciences, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS), MTA-MTM-ELTE Research Group for Paleontology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), GINOP Sustainable Ecosystem Research Group, MTA Centre for Ecological Research [Tihany], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), Landesdenkmalamt, Baden-Württemberg, Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Department of Plant Ecology, Gdansk University, University of Gdańsk (UG), Senckenberg biodiversität und klima forschungszentrum (BIK-F), Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg (SGN), Institute of Geology, University of Bern, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nature Research Centre [Vilnius], Department of Palaeobotany, Institute of Biology, Białystok University of Technology, Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, Universität Greifswald - University of Greifswald, University of Sofia, Institute of Geology at Tallinn, Tallinn University of Technology (TTÜ), Department of Palaeobotany, W. Szafer Institute of Botany, Polish Academy of Sciences, Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives (Inrap), Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), German Research Foundation (grant nos. FE-1096/4-1 and FE-1096/6-1). Additional financial support also came from the Slovenian Research Agency (grant nos. P6-0064 and J7-6857), the UEFISCDI in Romania (grant no. PN-III-P4-ID-PCE-2016-0711), the Research Council of Lithuania (grant no. S-MIP-17-133), the Swiss Government Excellence Postdoctoral Scholarship (grant no. FIRECO 2016.0310), the National Science Centre in Poland (grant nos. 2015/17/B/ST10/01656 and 2015/17/B/ST10/03430), the Czech Science Foundation (grant nos. 16-06915S, 19-14271Y and GA14-22658S), the Estonian Research Council (grant no. PRG323), the Czech Academy of Sciences (grant no. RVO 67985939), the ANR OBRESOC project (grant no. ANR 09-CEP-004-01), and the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office., PAGES Global Charcoal Database, ANR-09-CEPL-0004,OBRESOC,Un observatoire rétrospectif d'une société archéologique: La trajectoire du néolithique Rubané.(2009), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Charles University [Prague] (CU), Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen-Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Софийски университет = Sofia University, and Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, biomass burning, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Holocene, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Human impact, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, 01 natural sciences, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Fire hazard, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, 13. Climate action, tree cover, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 010606 plant biology & botany, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

Wildfire occurrence is influenced by climate, vegetation and human activities. A key challenge for understanding fire-climate-vegetation interactions is to quantify the effect vegetation has in mediating fire regime. Here, we explore the relative importance of Holocene land cover and dominant functional forest type, and climate dynamics on biomass burned in temperate and boreo-nemoral regions of Central and Eastern Europe over the past 12 ka BP years. We used an extensive data set of Holocene pollen and sedimentary charcoal records, in combination with climate simulations and novel statistical modelling. Biomass burned was highest during the early Holocene and lowest during the mid Holocene in all three ecoregions, but diverged more markedly over the past 3–4 ka BP. Although the climate was an important driver of fire hazard during the warm and dry early Holocene, tree cover was consistently the strongest predictor of past biomass burning. In temperate forests, biomass burned was high at ~ 45 % tree cover and decreased strongly towards 60 % tree cover. In needleleaf dominated forests, biomass burned was highest at ~ 60–65 % tree cover and abruptly declined at > 65 % tree cover. Biomass burned also increased when arable lands and grasslands reached ~ 15–20 %, although this relationship was highly dynamic depending on land use intensity throughout ignition and fuel type and availability. Our observations cover the full range of Holocene climate variability and land cover changes and illustrates that percentages of land cover is a key predictor of the probability of fire occurrence over timescales of centuries to millennia. We suggest that long-term fire risk may be effectively reduced through land cover management, given that land cover has controlled fire regimes under the dynamic climates of the Holocene.

Published
2019

47. Possibilités et contraintes des projets de développement fondés sur le lieu : comment atténuer les dépendances hiérarchiques dans un quartier en difficulté ?

Author

Virág, Tünde, Keller, Judit, Froment-Meurice, Muriel, Institute of Economics [Budapest], Research Centre for Economic and Regional Studies, and Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)

Subjects
[SHS.ARCHI]Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, développement fondé sur le lieu, spatial justice, changement institutionnel, [SHS.GEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, institutional change, [SHS.GEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Geography, institutional embeddedness, emboîtement institutionnel, empowerment of marginalised group, empowerment des groupes marginalisés, [SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, [SHS.HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences, place-based development, [SHS.ARCHI] Humanities and Social Sciences/Architecture, space management, justice spatiale
Abstract

Recent studies have argued that place-based public policies can make a positive contribution to spatial justice. Arguably, the combination of procedural and distributive justice can enable local governance to develop appropriate procedures for more equitable distribution of public resources and for partnership and participation. Research in economic sociology, however, has found that place-based interventions, in order to generate positive resources for local development, must be based on a “virtuous relationship” between various scales of government. This relationship is shaped by a governance framework that applies principles of distributed authority, integration of various branches of policies, and partnership between the central state, lower levels of state and non-state actors. Our research analyses the case of a place-based developmental intervention against child poverty financed by the European Union Cohesion Policy in a small, disadvantaged town in the northeast periphery of Hungary. The findings of extended fieldwork funded by RELOCAL and NRDIO post-doctoral fellowship (112659) suggest that in the absence of a virtuous relationship between levels of government in domestic policy regimes, place-based interventions cannot make a positive contribution to spatial justice, but rather preserve existing inequalities in local power relations and in access to public services., Des études récentes ont démontré les politiques fondées sur le lieu peuvent apporter une contribution positive à la justice spatiale. On peut soutenir que la combinaison de justice procédurale et distributive peut permettre à la gouvernance locale de développer des procédures appropriées pour une répartition plus équitable des ressources publiques dans un cadre partenarial et participatif. Des recherches en sociologie économique ont toutefois montré que ce type d’intervention, afin de générer des ressources positives en faveur du développement local, doivent s’appuyer sur une « relation vertueuse » entre différentes échelles de gouvernement. Cette relation est façonnée par un cadre de gouvernance qui applique les principes d’autorité distribuée, d’intégration de divers secteurs d’intervention et de partenariat entre l’État central, les niveaux inférieurs de l’État et les acteurs non étatiques. Notre recherche analyse le cas d’une intervention de développement, fondée sur le lieu et financée par la politique de cohésion de l’Union européenne, dont l’objectif est de lutter contre la pauvreté infantile dans une petite ville en difficulté à la périphérie nord-est de la Hongrie. Les résultats de ce travail de terrain prolongé et financé par les bourses postdoctorales RELOCAL et NRDIO (112659) suggèrent qu’en l’absence d’une relation vertueuse entre les niveaux de gouvernement dans un certain contexte politique national, ce type d’intervention ne peut apporter de contribution positive à la justice spatiale, mais tend à préserver les inégalités existantes dans les relations de pouvoir locales et dans l’accès aux services publics.

Published
2019

48. Fluvial or aeolian grains? Separation of transport agents on Mars using earth analogue observations

Author

Kapui, Zs, Kereszturi, A., Kiss, K., Szalai, Z., Újvári, G., Hickman-Lewis, K., Foucher, F., Westall, F., Institute for Geological and Geochemical Research, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Konkoly Observatory, Geodetic and Geophysical Research Institute (GGRI), Centre de biophysique moléculaire (CBM), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), and Frapart, Isabelle

Subjects
[SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

49. 'TNOs are Cool': A survey of the trans-Neptunian region

Author

Lellouch, E., Santos-Sanz, P., Lacerda, P., Mommert, M., Duffard, R., Ortiz, J. L., Müller, T. G., Fornasier, S., Stansberry, J., Kiss, Cs., Vilenius, E., Mueller, M., Peixinho, N., Moreno, R., Groussin, O., Delsanti, A., Harris, A. W., Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] (CSIC), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Lowell Observatory [Flagstaff], Kindai University, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract

15 pages, 4 figures; International audience; A group of trans-Neptunian objects (TNO) are dynamically related to the dwarf planet 136108 Haumea. Ten of them show strong indications of water ice on their surfaces, are assumed to have resulted from a collision, and are accepted as the only known TNO collisional family. Nineteen other dynamically similar objects lack water ice absorptions and are hypothesized to be dynamical interlopers. We have made observations to determine sizes and geometric albedos of six of the accepted Haumea family members and one dynamical interloper. Ten other dynamical interlopers have been measured by previous works. We compare the individual and statistical properties of the family members and interlopers, examining the size and albedo distributions of both groups. We also examine implications for the total mass of the family and their ejection velocities. We use far-infrared space-based telescopes to observe the target TNOs near their thermal peak and combine these data with optical magnitudes to derive sizes and albedos using radiometric techniques. We determine the power-law slope of ejection velocity as a function of effective diameter. The detected Haumea family members have a diversity of geometric albedos $\sim$ 0.3-0.8, which are higher than geometric albedos of dynamically similar objects without water ice. The median geometric albedo for accepted family members is $p_V=0.48_{-0.18}^{+0.28}$, compared to 0.08$_{-0.05}^{+0.07}$ for the dynamical interlopers. In the size range $D=175-300$ km, the slope of the cumulative size distribution is $q$=3.2$_{-0.4}^{+0.7}$ for accepted family members, steeper than the $q$=2.0$\pm$0.6 slope for the dynamical interlopers with D$< $500 km. The total mass of Haumea's moons and family members is 2.4% of Haumea's mass. The ejection velocities required to emplace them on their current orbits show a dependence on diameter, with a power-law slope of 0.21-0.50.

Published
2018

50. Periodic behaviour of coronal mass ejections, eruptive events, and solar activity proxies during solar cycles 23 and 24

Author

Brice Boclet, Imre Tóth, Philippe Lamy, Tatiana Barlyaeva, Julien Wojak, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), HELIOS - LATMOS, Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences [Budapest], Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA)-Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Solar cycle 23, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Atmospheric sciences, 01 natural sciences, Solar prominence, Physics - Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Coronal mass ejection, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sunspot, Solar flare, integumentary system, [SDU.ASTR.SR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Solar and Stellar Astrophysics [astro-ph.SR], Northern Hemisphere, Space Physics (physics.space-ph), Solar cycle, Geophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Geology, Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
Abstract

We report on the parallel analysis of the periodic behaviour of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) based on 21 years [1996 -- 2016] of observations with the SOHO/LASCO--C2 coronagraph, solar flares, prominences, and several proxies of solar activity. We consider values of the rates globally and whenever possible, distinguish solar hemispheres and solar cycles 23 and 24. Periodicities are investigated using both frequency (periodogram) and time-frequency (wavelet) analysis. We find that these different processes, in addition to following the $\approx$11-year Solar Cycle, exhibit diverse statistically significant oscillations with properties common to all solar, coronal, and heliospheric processes: variable periodicity, intermittence, asymmetric development in the northern and southern solar hemispheres, and largest amplitudes during the maximum phase of solar cycles, being more pronounced during solar cycle 23 than the weaker cycle 24. However, our analysis reveals an extremely complex and diverse situation. For instance, there exists very limited commonality for periods of less than one year. The few exceptions are the periods of 3.1--3.2 months found in the global occurrence rates of CMEs and in the sunspot area (SSA) and those of 5.9--6.1 months found in the northern hemisphere. Mid-range periods of $\approx$1 and $\approx$2 years are more wide spread among the studied processes, but exhibit a very distinct behaviour with the first one being present only in the northern hemisphere and the second one only in the southern hemisphere. These periodic behaviours likely results from the complexity of the underlying physical processes, prominently the emergence of magnetic flux., Comment: 33 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables

Published
2018

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