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6 results on '"Jean-Louis Divoux"'

1. Chronic abdominal vagus stimulation increased brain metabolic connectivity, reduced striatal dopamine transporter and increased mid‑brain serotonin transporter in obese miniature pigs

Author

Christine Henry, Charles-Henri Malbert, Mickael Genissel, Jean-Louis Divoux, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité expérimentale de testage de porcs, Axonic, Sorin Groupe, and Unité Expérimentale de Testage de Porcs

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, obesity, modèle animal, Swine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PET imaging, Hippocampus, lcsh:Medicine, Stimulation, Striatum, Weight Gain, 0302 clinical medicine, Mesencephalon, Serotonin transporter, 2. Zero hunger, Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, SPECT imaging, biology, General Medicine, chirurgie bariatrique, animal models, Vagal stimulation, obésité, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Swine, Miniature, medicine.symptom, Connectivity analysis, medicine.drug, Bariatric surgery, SERT, DAT, Animal model, medicine.medical_specialty, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, nerf vague, Dopamine, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Internal medicine, medicine, vagus nerve, Animals, Resting energy expenditure, miniporc, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins, business.industry, Research, lcsh:R, Neostriatum, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, Glucose, nervous system, tomographie a émission monophotonique, Positron-Emission Tomography, biology.protein, Serotonin, business, Weight gain
Abstract

Background/objective Changes in brain metabolism has been investigated thoroughly during unilateral cervical chronic vagal stimulation in epileptic or depressive patients. Bilateral stimulation of the abdominal vagus (aVNS) has received less attention despite the reduction in body weight and an altered feeding behavior in obese animals that could be clinically relevant in obese individuals. Our study aims to examine the changes in brain glucose metabolism (CMRglu) induced by aVNS in obese adult miniature pigs. Dopamine (DAT) and serotonin transporters (SERT) were also quantified to further understand the molecular origins of the alterations in brain metabolism. Subjects/methods Pairs of stimulating electrodes were implanted during laparoscopy on both abdominal vagal trunks in 20 obese adult’s miniature pigs. Half of the animals were permanently stimulated while the remaining were sham stimulated. Two months after the onset of stimulation, dynamic 18FDG PET and 123I-ioflupane SPECT were performed. Food intake, resting energy expenditure and fat deposition were also assessed longitudinally. Results Food intake was halved and resting energy expenditure was increased by 60% in aVNS group compared to sham. The gain in body weight was also 38% less in aVNS group compared to sham. Brain metabolic connectivity increased between numerous structures including striatum, mid-brain, amygdala and hippocampus. On the contrary, increased CMRglu were restricted to the thalamus, the periaqueducal grey and the amygdala. DAT binding potential was decreased by about one third in the striatum while SERT was about doubled in the midbrain. Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that aVNS reduced weight gain as a consequence of diminished daily food intake and increased resting energy expenditure. These changes were associated with enhanced connectivity between several brain areas. A lower striatal DAT together with a doubled mid-brain SERT were likely causative for these changes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12967-019-1831-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2019

2. Effects of chronic abdominal vagal stimulation of small-diameter neurons on brain metabolism and food intake

Author

Chloé Picq, David Guiraud, Eric Bobillier, Charles-Henri Malbert, Jean-Louis Divoux, Christine Henry, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), MXM-AXONIC, Control of Artificial Movement and Intuitive Neuroprosthesis (CAMIN), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), LivaNova France SAS, Projet PSPC INTENSE, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Food intake, Vagal stimulation, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Swine, Biophysics, PET imaging, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Stimulation, lcsh:RC321-571, [SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic, 03 medical and health sciences, Eating, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Medicine, Ingestion, Animals, Animal model, Evoked Potentials, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, 2. Zero hunger, Neurons, Bariatric surgery, business.industry, General Neuroscience, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Vagus Nerve, Metabolism, Pet imaging, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, pulson, Vagus nerve, Endocrinology, Anesthesia, Positron-Emission Tomography, Female, Neurology (clinical), Brainstem, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Brain Stem
Abstract

Supplementary data related to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brs.2017.04.126; International audience; Background :Abdominal bilateral vagal stimulation reduces food intake in animals. However, the classical square wave, mA range current generator is poorly effective to evoke action potentials on A∂ and C neurons that represent the majority of vagal neurons at the abdominal level.Objective/Hypothesis :(i) To ascertain the capability of very high-frequency stimulation schemes (pulsons) to trigger action potentials in abdominal vagal neurons in anaesthetized pigs. (ii) To compare these stimulation schemes with classical ones using PET imaging of brain metabolism and food intake behaviour in conscious pigs.Methods :The current thresholds for pulsons (S2 & S3) and millisecond pulses (S1) required to trigger action potentials were calculated in 5 anaesthetized pigs using single fibre recording. Similar stimulation protocols were compared chronically to sham stimulation in 24 pigs. After two weeks of chronic stimulation, food intake and brain metabolism were investigated. The electrical characteristics and histology of the vagus nerve were also studied.Results :S3 stimulation required a lower amount of charges to trigger an action potential. Chronically applied S2 & S3 activated the dorsal vagal complex and increased the metabolism of its afferent cortical structures. They also reduced energy intake together with a reduced ingestion of high fat and high sugar diets. All these effects were not observed for the S1 group. The vagal histology for the S1, S2 and S3 groups was not different from that of the sham.Conclusions :These findings demonstrate that pulsons applied bilaterally on the abdominal vagus reduced food intake as a consequence of the activation of the brainstem and higher-order brain areas.

Published
2017

3. Obesity-associated alterations in glucose metabolism are reversed by chronic bilateral stimulation of the abdominal vagus nerve

Author

Michael Horowitz, Charles-Henri Malbert, Christine Henry, Jean-Louis Divoux, Chloé Picq, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Axonic, LivaNova France SAS, Discipline of medicine, University of Adelaide, and Adelaide Royal Hospital (ARH)

Subjects
Blood Glucose, obesity, Swine, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Glucose uptake, medicine.medical_treatment, imagerie cerebrale, Stimulation, human health, 0302 clinical medicine, Abdomen, General Neuroscience, Brain, santé humaine, Glucose clamp technique, 3. Good health, Peripheral, obésité, Liver, Swine, Miniature, Vagus nerve stimulation, medicine.medical_specialty, insulin, diabète de type 2, Vagus Nerve Stimulation, Biophysics, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Carbohydrate metabolism, lcsh:RC321-571, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, nerf vague, Internal medicine, Internal Medicine, medicine, vagus nerve, Animals, métabolisme du glucose, Muscle, Skeletal, lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, insuline, miniporc, business.industry, Insulin, Body Weight, medicine.disease, maladie métabolique, Obesity, type ii diabetes, Vagus nerve, Clamp, Endocrinology, Glucose, Positron-Emission Tomography, Glucose Clamp Technique, Neurology (clinical), Insulin Resistance, business, Energy Metabolism, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

This article contains Supplementary Data online at http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.2337/db16-0847/-/DC1.; Acute vagal stimulation modifies glucose and insulin metabolism, but the effect of chronic bilateral vagal stimulation is not known. Our aim was to quantify the changes in whole body and organ-specific insulin sensitivities, 12 weeks after permanent, bilateral, vagal stimulation performed at the abdominal level in adult mini-pigs. In 15 adult mini-pigs, stimulating electrodes were placed around the dorsal and ventral vagi using laparoscopy and connected to a dual channel stimulator placed subcutaneously. Animals were divided into three groups based on stimulation and body weight i.e. lean non-stimulated, obese non-stimulated and obese-stimulated. Twelve weeks after surgery, glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity were measured using PET during an isoglycemic clamp. Mean whole body insulin sensitivity was lower by 34% (P

Published
2017

4. New sectorized implantable microelectrode fabrication, packaging and ageing for neural sensing and stimulation

Author

F. Sauter-Starace, Christine Henry, David Guiraud, Jean-Louis Divoux, C. Pudda, B. Icard, F. Baleras, M. Cochet, Charles-Henri Malbert, Sandrine Maubert, M. Rovetta, C. Chabrol, J. Oziat, F. Bottausci, Département Microtechnologies pour la Biologie et la Santé (DTBS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Clinatec - Centre de recherche biomédicale Edmond J.Safra (SCLIN), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Artificial movement and gait restoration (DEMAR), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), AXONIC - OBELIA dept, MXM-Laboratoires de Techologies Médicales, US 1395 ANI-SCAN [INRA], Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Sorin Group [Clamart], Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)

Subjects
Microelectrode, chemistry.chemical_compound, Fabrication, Materials science, Reliability (semiconductor), Silicone, Specific test, chemistry, Parylene, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Electrode, Thin film, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

Événement(s) lié(s) : - (NER); International audience; This paper describes the fabrication and the packaging of a flexible parylene-based multi-contact electrode embedded in a silicone-based cuff. This type of electrode is well suited for peripheral nerve recording and offers improved spatial selectivity. We conducted mechanical and electrical tests for assessing the reliability by using an accelerated lifetime protocol. Test structures made with platinum sandwiched with parylene C were designed. The accelerated lifetime soaking tests in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution at 67 degrees C showed a longer life time (approximatively 4.5 years) with a dehydration bake introduction in the process flow and a parylene thickness increase. A specific test bench was developed for the mechanical cycling and for evaluating the mechanical robustness of the thin film devices.

Published
2015

5. Selective ENG recordings using a multi-contact cuff electrode

Author

Pawel Maciejasz, Sandrine Maubert, A. Bourgerette, N. Bourquin, S. Gharbi, C. Rubeck, Jean-Louis Divoux, Christine Henry, Stéphane Bonnet, Vincent Agache, F. Sauter-Starace, O. Fuchs, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département Microtechnologies pour la Biologie et la Santé (DTBS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Artificial movement and gait restoration (DEMAR), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), AXONIC - OBELIA dept, MXM-Laboratoires de Techologies Médicales, Sorin Group [Clamart], PIA-PSPC 'INTENSE' Project, Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)

Subjects
[SPI.OTHER]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Other, Materials science, 0206 medical engineering, Cuff electrode, 02 engineering and technology, Neurophysiology, 020601 biomedical engineering, 03 medical and health sciences, Microelectrode, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Parylene, chemistry, Peripheral nerve, Cuff, Electrode, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Microfabrication, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes the design, microfabrication, characterization and experimental validation of a 6-contact cuff electrode embedded in a parylene-based flexible support. This type of electrode is well suited for both peripheral nerve recording and stimulation and offers improved spatial selectivity as compared to conventional ring electrodes. Both measured and modeled impedance spectra are detailed. An experimental validation is performed on an earthworm with both multi-contact cuff (MCC) electrode recording and ring stimulation electrodes. Single fiber action potentials, elicited by the electrical stimulation, are well discriminated on the 6 contacts. Spontaneous activity is also recorded with burst of spikes.

Published
2013

6. Development of an implantable transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrode (TIME) system for relieving phantom limb pain

Author

Silvestro Micera, Paolo Maria Rossini, Ken Yoshida, David Guiraud, Winnie Jensen, Thomas Stieglitz, Xavier Navarro, Jean-Louis Divoux, Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction (SMI), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Scuela Santa Anna (SSSA), Scuola Universitaria Superiore Sant'Anna [Pisa] (SSSUP), Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Department of Microsystems Engineering [Freiburg] (IMTEK), University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Artificial movement and gait restoration (DEMAR), Laboratoire d'Informatique de Robotique et de Microélectronique de Montpellier (LIRMM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), AXONIC - OBELIA dept, MXM-Laboratoires de Techologies Médicales, Biomedical Robotics and Biomicrosystems Lab - UCBM, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma / University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome ( UCBM), Indiana University - Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indiana University System, European Project: 224012,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2007-2,TIME(2008), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Inria Sophia Antipolis - Méditerranée (CRISAM)

Subjects
multichannel microstimulation, medicine.medical_treatment, Finite Element Analysis, Phantom limb, Pain, human machine interface, phantoms, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Phantom limb pain, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Neuromuscular stimulation, Amputees, user interfaces, Animals, Humans, Pain Management, Medicine, Microstimulation, Effective treatment, Peripheral Nerves, prosthetics, [SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/Microelectronics, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, business.industry, Time system, medicine.disease, equipment and supplies, nerve stump, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Rats, neuromuscular stimulation, body regions, implantable transverse intrafascicular multichannel electrode system, phantom limb pain, Phantom Limb, Amputation, biomedical electrodes, Human–machine interface, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomedical engineering
Abstract

International audience; Phantom limb pain frequently follows amputation. Currently there is no fully effective treatment available. Our aim is to develop an innovative Human Machine Interface (HMI) where we apply multi-channel microstimulation to the nerve stump of an amputee subject to manipulate the phantom limb sensations and explore the possibility of using microstimulation as a treatment for phantom limb pain.

Published
2010

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