Maureen, Labbé, Christianne, Hoey, Jessica, Ray, Vincent, Potiron, Stéphane, Supiot, Stanley K, Liu, Delphine, Fradin, Mort cellulaire immunogénique appliquée aux traitements du mésothéliome (CRCINA - Département INCIT - Equipe 4), Centre de recherche de Cancérologie et d'Immunologie / Nantes - Angers (CRCINA), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Department of Medical Biophysics (MBP), University of Toronto, Sunnybrook Research Institute [Toronto] (SRI), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Apoptosis and tumor progression -ATP (CRCINA - Département ONCO - Equipe 9), Institut de cancérologie de l'Ouest - Nantes (ICO Nantes), CRLCC Paul Papin-CRLCC René Gauducheau, ExomiR project (Cancéropôle Grand Ouest), Ligue contre le Cancer, Projet EpiSAVMEN (Région), CH was supported by the Strategic Training in Transdisciplinary Radiation Science for the 21st Century (STARS21) training program funded by the Terry Fox Foundation, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, the Government of Ontario, and Lawrence, Ila, and William Gifford Scholarship in Radiation Oncology and Surgery. CH was also a recipient of the Queen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology (QEII-GSST) funded by Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, and the Government of Ontario. SKL is a Movember Rising Star award recipient proudly funded by the Movember Foundation (Grants # RS2014-03, #D2013- 24), with research funds also provided by the Telus Motorcycle Ride For Dad (Huronia Branch), and a Ministry of Research and Innovation Early Researcher Award. ML was supported by a regional grant (EpiSAVMEN), and by Ms. Suzanne Saulnier. ML and DF were recipient of Ligue contre le cancer grants from committee 22, 35, 44, 49 and 56. ML and DF were also recipient of Canceropôle Grand Ouest (ExomiR project)., Immunogenic Cell Death and Mesothelioma Therapy (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 4), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes-Angers (CRCINA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Angers (UA), Apoptosis and Tumor Progression (CRCINA-ÉQUIPE 9), Institut de Cancérologie de l'Ouest [Angers/Nantes] (UNICANCER/ICO), UNICANCER, Ligue contre le Cancer, comités 22, 35, 44, 49 et 56, Projet EpiSAVMEN (Région Pays de Loire), Strategic Training in Transdisciplinary Radiation Science for the 21st Century (STARS21) - Terry Fox FoundationLawrence, Ila, and William Gifford Scholarship in Radiation Oncology and SurgeryQueen Elizabeth II Graduate Scholarship in Science and Technology (QEII-GSST) Movember Foundation (Grants # RS2014-03, #D2013- 24)Telus Motorcycle Ride For Dad (Huronia Branch)Ministry of Research and Innovation Early Researcher Award., Bernardo, Elizabeth, and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)
International audience; As the most frequently diagnosed non-skin cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer-related death, understanding the molecular mechanisms that drive treatment resistance in prostate cancer poses a significant clinical need. Radiotherapy is one of the most widely used treatments for prostate cancer, along with surgery, hormone therapy, and chemotherapy. However, inherent radioresistance of tumor cells can reduce local control and ultimately lead to poor patient outcomes, such as recurrence, metastasis and death. The underlying mechanisms of radioresistance have not been fully elucidated, but it has been suggested that miRNAs play a critical role. miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in every signaling pathway of the cell, with one miRNA often having multiple targets. By fine-tuning gene expression, miRNAs are important players in modulating DNA damage response, cell death, tumor aggression and the tumor microenvironment, and can ultimately affect a tumor's response to radiotherapy. Furthermore, much interest has focused on miRNAs found in biofluids and their potential utility in various clinical applications. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNA deregulation after irradiation and the associated functional outcomes, with a focus on prostate cancer. In addition, we discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers to diagnose, predict response to treatment, and prognosticate patient outcomes.