Martine Simonelig, Phu Hai Nguyen, Sophie Halliez, Vincent Béringue, Cécile Voisset, Rima Naït-Saïdi, Gaëlle Friocourt, Jamila Dhiab, Frédéric Bihel, Marc Keruzoré, Agathe Bertho, Aline Bamia, Marc Blondel, Flavie Soubigou, Maha Sinane, Capucine Trollet, Génétique, génomique fonctionnelle et biotechnologies (UMR 1078) (GGB), EFS-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO), Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en Myologie – U974 SU-INSERM, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique (LIT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), This work was supported by Institut de France – Fondation NRJ (CV), MESR (AB, PHN), Inserm (CV and CT), UBO (CV), CNRS and University of Montpellier (MSg), AFM-Téléthon eOPMD project 17110 (CT and MSg), Sorbonne Université and Association Institut de Myologie (CT), DIM MALINF, INRAE and Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Equipe FRM DEQ20150331689) (VB and SH), Association Défi Organisation (CV). RNS held a PhD grant from AFM-Téléthon., BIHEL, Frédéric, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Brestois Santé Agro Matière (IBSAM), Université de Brest (UBO)-Université de Brest (UBO)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Centre de Recherche en Myologie
Prion diseases are caused by the propagation of PrP(Sc), the pathological conformation of the PrP(C) prion protein. The molecular mechanisms underlying PrP(Sc) propagation are still unsolved and no therapeutic solution is currently available. We thus sought to identify new anti-prion molecules and found that flunarizine inhibited PrP(Sc) propagation in cell culture and significantly prolonged survival of prion-infected mice. Using an in silico therapeutic repositioning approach based on similarities with flunarizine chemical structure, we tested azelastine, duloxetine, ebastine, loperamide and metixene and showed that they all have an anti-prion activity. Like flunarizine, these marketed drugs reduced PrP(Sc) propagation in cell culture and in mouse cerebellum organotypic slice culture, and inhibited the protein folding activity of the ribosome (PFAR). Strikingly, some of these drugs were also able to alleviate phenotypes due to PABPN1 nuclear aggregation in cell and Drosophila models of oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD). These data emphasize the therapeutic potential of anti-PFAR drugs for neurodegenerative and neuromuscular proteinopathies. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13311-020-00992-6.