1. Biallelic variants in PCDHGC4 cause a novel neurodevelopmental syndrome with progressive microcephaly, seizures, and joint anomalies
- Author
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M. Tanguy, A. Hamblin, Ehsan Ghayoor Karimiani, Javeria Raza Alvi, Gökhan Yigit, D. Kasperaviciute, Shima Imannezhad, C.R. Boustred, Brigitte Chabrol, Ehtisham Ul Haq Makhdoom, Cécile Mignon-Ravix, Vasiliki Karageorgou, Maria Iqbal, Farah Ashrafzadeh, Sheraz Jamal Khan, Michael Field, Henry Houlden, Adam Jackson, David A. Dyment, J. Pullinger, Yasra Sarwar, S.E.A. Leigh, Jamshaid Mahmood Baig, Zafar Ali, S.C. Smith, A. Stuckey, Muhammad Sajid Hussain, Fatima Rahman, N. Murugaesu, J.C. Ambrose, M. Mueller, K. Sawant, A. Sieghart, E. Walsh, Alistair T. Pagnamenta, Shahid Mahmood Baig, R. Jackson, E.R.A. Thomas, M.B. Pereira, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, K. Witkowska, Augusto Rendon, P. Arumugam, F. Boardman-Pretty, Angelika A. Noegel, Siddharth Banka, Uzma Abdullah, Tim Hubbard, T. Rahim, F.J. Lopez, Dalal K. Bubshait, Louise J. Jones, A. Giess, M.J. Welland, Susanne Motameny, Mehran Beiraghi Toosi, E. Williams, Barbara Vona, Arianna Tucci, K. Savage, Florence Molinari, Florence Riccardi, Mark J. Caulfield, I.U. Leong, M. Kayikci, Muhammad Jameel, Christian Beetz, A. Kousathanas, A. Siddiq, T. Fowler, Yun Li, Jozef Hertecant, M. Bleda, F. Maleady-Crowe, Birgit Budde, Sofia Douzgou, Wolfgang Höhne, C.A. Odhams, Laurent Villard, Janine Altmüller, S.R. Thompson, Lesley C. Adès, Christine Patch, Aboulfazl Rad, P. O’Donovan, A.C. Need, S. M. Wood, L. Lahnstein, L. Moutsianas, Büşranur Çavdarlı, Reza Maroofian, S. Henderson, Tobias Scherf de Almeida, D. Perez-Gil, Tipu Sultan, T. Rogers, Stephanie Efthymiou, Shazia Maqbool, G.C. Chan, A. Sosinsky, Jayne Antony, H. Brittain, R.H. Scott, Peter Nürnberg, Bernd Wollnik, Matthew Osmond, Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département de génétique médicale [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neurologie, maladies neuro-musculaires [Hôpital de la Timone - APHM], and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)
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0301 basic medicine ,In silico ,Cadherin Related Proteins ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,symbols.namesake ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurodevelopmental disorder ,Seizures ,Intellectual Disability ,Intellectual disability ,medicine ,Missense mutation ,Humans ,Genetics (clinical) ,Exome sequencing ,Genetics ,Progressive microcephaly ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,medicine.disease ,Cadherins ,Human genetics ,Pedigree ,030104 developmental biology ,Phenotype ,Neurodevelopmental Disorders ,Mendelian inheritance ,symbols ,Microcephaly ,Technology Platforms ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
PURPOSE: We aimed to define a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder, characterize its clinical features, and identify the underlying genetic cause for this condition.METHODS: We performed a detailed clinical characterization of 19 individuals from nine unrelated, consanguineous families with a neurodevelopmental disorder. We used genome/exome sequencing approaches, linkage and cosegregation analyses to identify disease-causing variants, and we performed three-dimensional molecular in silico analysis to predict causality of variants where applicable.RESULTS: In all affected individuals who presented with a neurodevelopmental syndrome with progressive microcephaly, seizures, and intellectual disability we identified biallelic disease-causing variants in Protocadherin-gamma-C4 (PCDHGC4). Five variants were predicted to induce premature protein truncation leading to a loss of PCDHGC4 function. The three detected missense variants were located in extracellular cadherin (EC) domains EC5 and EC6 of PCDHGC4, and in silico analysis of the affected residues showed that two of these substitutions were predicted to influence the Ca2+-binding affinity, which is essential for multimerization of the protein, whereas the third missense variant directly influenced the cis-dimerization interface of PCDHGC4.CONCLUSION: We show that biallelic variants in PCDHGC4 are causing a novel autosomal recessive neurodevelopmental disorder and link PCDHGC4 as a member of the clustered PCDH family to a Mendelian disorder in humans.
- Published
- 2021
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