1. Deciphering the Structure and Chemical Composition of Drug Nanocarriers: From Bulk Approaches to Individual Nanoparticle Characterization
- Author
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Ruxandra Gref, Maeva Chaupard, Marta de Frutos, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO)
- Subjects
Drug ,Materials science ,Nanoparticle Characterization ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Characterization methods ,General Materials Science ,cell interaction ,media_common ,General Chemistry ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,nanomedicine ,0104 chemical sciences ,3. Good health ,Characterization (materials science) ,drug nanocarrier ,spectromicroscopy ,Nanomedicine ,Nanocarriers ,0210 nano-technology ,single particle characterization - Abstract
International audience; Drug nanocarriers (NCs) with sizes usually below 200 nm are gaining increasing interest in the treatment of severe diseases such as cancer and infections. Characterization methods to investigate the morphology and physicochemical properties of multifunctional NCs are key in their optimization and in the study of their in vitro and in vivo fate. Whereas a variety of methods has been developed to characterize “bulk” NCs in suspension, the scope of this review is to describe the different approaches for the NC characterization on an individual basis, for which fewer techniques are available. The accent is put on methods devoid of labelling, which could lead to artefacts. For each characterization method, the principles and approaches to analyze the data are presented in an accessible manner. Aspects related to sample preparation to avoid artefacts are indicated, and emphasis is put on examples of applications. NC characterization on an individual basis allows gaining invaluable information in terms of quality control, on: i) NC localization and fate in biological samples; ii) NC morphology and crystallinity; iii) distribution of the NC components (drugs, shells), and iv) quantification of NCs’ chemical composition. The individual characterization approaches are expected to gain increasing interest in the near future.
- Published
- 2021
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