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Urban digital autonomy refers to the autonomous innovation capability of cities in the field of digital technology, which directly determines whether cities can achieve high-quality development in the urban digital economy. Using Chinese prefecture-level data from 2009 to 2018, this paper takes the smart city policy as a quasi-natural experiment to analyze the impact of the smart city policy on digital autonomy of cities empirically. The research results show that the smart city policy has significantly improved the digital autonomy of cities, which is 28.25% higher than that of other cities. After a series of robustness tests, such as the placebo test and propensity score matching DID (PSM-DID) test and using different samples, this research conclusion still holds. Heterogeneity shows that the promotion effect of the smart city policy on digital autonomy of cities is greater in eastern regions, cities with higher rank and larger population size. The research of influence mechanism shows that the smart city policy can promote digital autonomy of cities through the effect of digital human capital and digital material capital. Finally, this paper puts forward policy suggestions from the perspectives of developing digital industries, promoting the construction of smart cities, increasing the cultivation of digital talents, and paying attention to fairness and efficiency, so as to promote the digital autonomy of cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon neutrality is the only way for green low-carbon development. Technological progress is an important starting point for improving energy efficiency. Through scientific and technological innovation, improving energy efficiency is a practical way to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization. Due to the limitation of data and index selection, there is no qualitative analysis of carbon neutrality in this paper. Compared with previous studies, the paper has the following contributions: Firstly, the energy efficiency score of China's provincial level is measured with the DEA method and it is found that the average energy efficiency score of the eastern region is the highest, followed by the western region, and finally the central region. The results also show that the energy efficiency is not in accordance with the economic growth. The regions with higher energy efficiency scores are not always economically developed because of huge energy consumption supporting the economic development. Secondly, the Tobit method is used to study the impact of the reverse technology spillover effect of OFDI on China's energy efficiency. The results show that the spillover effect has a significant positive effect on the improvement of China's energy efficiency, and has a positive impact on the eastern and western regions, but has no significant impact on the western region. Finally, we put forward some policy recommendations to increase energy efficiency to approach carbon neutrality and thus promote green economic development. This paper enriches the content of energy economy, the research method is innovative, and the conclusion is more scientific. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As they represent an important form of agricultural operation, the sustainable development of family farms is not only an objective necessity for promoting comprehensive rural revitalization in China, but also an imperative strategy for accelerating the construction of agricultural power in China. Based on the survey data of 357 family grain farms in China, this paper uses a structural equation model to empirically analyze the relationship between market-oriented perceptions, organizational resilience, and the sustainable development of family grain farms. The results show that market-oriented perceptions have a significant positive impact on the sustainable development of family grain farms; additionally, organizational resilience plays a mediating role in the impact of market-orientation perceptions on the sustainable development of family grain farms. Based on this, the paper proposes a two-fold approach to the sustainable development of family farms: improving the level of market-orientation perceptions of family farmers and enhancing the organizational resilience of family grain farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While new infrastructure, as a technological extension of traditional infrastructure, has important digital economy attributes, mismatched investment in new infrastructure can still be environmentally damaging. To this end, this paper explores the potential impact of the matching relationship between the new infrastructure investment (NII) and the upgrading of industrial structure (UIS) on environmental pollution from the perspective of coupling and coordination between the two. Through a series of quantitative empirical and robustness tests on China's relevant data from 2011 to 2019, this paper concludes that the coupling coordination level (NUC) of NII and UIS has an inhibitory effect on major environmental pollutants; in terms of mediating effect, NUC can reduce the emission of major environmental pollutants by improving energy consumption structure (ECS) and green innovation level (GII); in terms of nonlinear change characteristics, there is a threshold effect of NUC on the emission of industrial sewage and industrial dust; in terms of spatial properties, NII, NUC, PM2.5 and industrial sewage have positive spatial spillover effects. This study provides theoretical and empirical evidence that can support the government's decision to implement differentiated new infrastructure investment decisions based on environmental protection, and it also provides a certain level of reference for developing countries to make more environmentally friendly new infrastructure investment decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the perspective of flight technology and flight safety, the unsaturated clayey foundation soil of a high plateau airport in the mountainous area of southwest China is taken as the research object, and the calculation method of the composite modulus of CFG pile composite foundation with the soil between the piles as the unsaturated soil is established according to the relevant characteristics of unsaturated soil, and the calculation method of the composite foundation's settlement is carried out on the basis of this method. At the same time, Plaxis finite element analysis software is used to model the actual project and numerically analyze the settlement characteristics of the composite foundation. Finally, the calculation results of the two methods are compared and studied with the actual settlement monitoring values on site. The study shows that: 1) the theoretical analysis method is able to consider the effects of pile length, pile modulus, and matrix suction in unsaturated soil of rigid piles on the composite modulus, which is more in line with the reality than the conventional composite modulus method that does not consider the unsaturated nature of the soil between the piles; 2) the resultant values computed by the theoretical and numerical analysis methods recommended in this paper are both smaller than those measured at the site but the difference is within the range of 10%, so that in the actual plateau of the High Plains airports can choose the two analysis methods recommended in this paper to conduct related research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing studies have shown that environmental tax reform (ETR) in China has a significant effect on green innovation (GI), but there is no in-depth study on the heterogeneous effects of different types of green innovation. Using the data of listed companies in China's high-pollution manufacturing industry from 2012 to 2020, this paper adopts the difference in differences (DID) method to study the differentiation effect of ETR's signal effect and resource crowding-out effect on different green innovation. The empirical results indicate that ETR may significantly improve green product innovation through signaling effect, while reducing green process innovation through resource crowding-out effect. Further moderating effect studies show that enterprises with high institutional corporation social responsibility (ICSR) strengthens the positive effect of ETR on green product innovation. However, enterprises with high technical corporation social responsibility (TCSR) enhances the negative impact of ETR on green process innovation. This paper offers valuable implications for government green governance and enterprises' green transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The behaviors of local governments can affect the enforcement of environmental regulations. Environmental regulation can influence the behaviour of energy-intensive enterprises. This paper examines the relationship between local government competition, environmental regulation and the investment efficiency of high energy consuming firms using a basic panel regression and moderating effects model based on data from 2011-2020 for high energy consuming firms in China. The paper found that local government competition and environmental regulation can promote increased investment efficiency in energy-intensive firms in the short term. However, environmental regulation is not beneficial to investment efficiency in the long run. Local government competition plays a positive moderating role in the impact of environmental regulation on the investment efficiency of high energy consuming firms. There is a threshold effect on the role of local government competition. When the level of government competition exceeds 2.097, it has a negative impact on the investment efficiency. We further test for heterogeneity and we find that this promotion effect is also more obvious in areas with high environmental taxes and low marketability. Finally, we provide constructive suggestions for the development of government and the improvement of the investment efficiency of high energyconsuming firms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disposal of landfill leachate is a critical environmental challenge due to its high pollution content. Effective treatment technologies are essential to mitigate the adverse impacts on groundwater and surrounding ecosystems. This paper employs bibliometric analysis and utilizes CiteSpace software to conduct a visual analysis of the knowledge graph of 959 research articles on "Disposal of Landfill Leachate" from the Web of Science core database for the period 1996-2022. The results indicate that the publication quantity has undergone three stages: the sprouting stage, the stable development stage, and the rapid development stage. In terms of international collaboration, China and the USA play an absolute core role. The journals Waste Management, Journal of Hazardous Materials, and Water Research are ranked among the top 3 publications in the field of landfill leachate treatment. The keyword co-occurrence clustering analysis revealed 7 clusters, including groundwater quality, heavy metals, hydrogeophysics, municipal solid, hydraulic conductivity, geochemical barriers and waste disposal, representing the primary research topics. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the research progress and development trends in the field of disposal of landfill leachate. It contributes to a better understanding of the key research areas and offers potential prospects for future investigations to researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researches on the Porter hypothesis have paid more attention to the effect of the external constraint force of environmental regulation on green total factor productivity (GTFP), while ignoring the effect of internal force of market competition on GTFP. Using the panel data of Chinese manufacturing industries, this paper measures China's GTFP with the global frontier MML index which is based on the EBM model. The paper then studies the effect of environmental regulation and market competition on GTFP. The combined effect of environmental regulation and market competition on enhancing GTFP is further investigated. The results are as follows: 1) The GTFP of the manufacturing industry has progressed during the study period and the progress of green technology plays a crucial role in promoting GTFP improvement. 2) The environmental regulation and market competition both have an obvious nonlinear effect of U-type on GTFP. Relying solely on the external constraint force of environmental regulation or the internal force of market competition does not promote the improvement of GTFP quickly. 3) As for the combined effect, improving market competition is beneficial to the positive effect of environmental regulation on GTFP. Market competition and environmental regulation show a significant combined positive effect, accelerating the arrival of environmental regulation inflection point. Thus the rapid improvement of GTFP requires the combined effect to be effectively exerted. However, only when the level of environmental regulation is strong or the level of market competition is high can a combined positive effect appear. The conclusion provides China with a meaningful reference for better implementing the policy of environmental regulation and market-oriented reforms to promote green economic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the influencing factors of sustainable development of family grain farms in China. According to related investigation, there is a real problem of lack of social responsibility of grain family farms in China, which restricts their sustainable development. Therefore, based on a sample of 301 family grain farms in China, this paper used multi-classification ordered logit model and mediation effect model to investigate the relationship between perceptions of social responsibility, resource integration ability, and sustainable development of family grain farms. Various studies show that stronger perceptions of social responsibility related to more sustainable development; greater resource integration ability related to more sustainable development; and resource integration ability mediated the relationships between perceptions of social responsibility and sustainable development. Conclusions suggest that improving perceptions of social responsibility, increasing support for improving resource integration ability and giving full play to the mediating role of resource integration ability is needed to bolster the sustainable development of family grain farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of rapid global economic transformation, the influence of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) has penetrated all fields of production and life. It is significant to study how it affects the regional carbon emission intensity for regional sustainable development. Based on the data from 30 provinces from 2004 to 2017, this paper takes a complete account of spatial heterogeneity and the dynamic impact of economic policy uncertainty on carbon emission intensity using a spatial econometric model. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) For more than ten years, there have been significant differences and instabilities in economic policy uncertainty and carbon emission intensity in different regions of China. (2) China's local carbon emission intensity shows an objective spatial aggregation effect, which is significant, spatially auto-correlated and clustered. (3) Based on the national level, economic policy uncertainty will significantly increase the regional carbon emission intensity. Additionally, economic policy uncertainty has a significant positive spatial spillover effect, which may increase carbon emission intensity in neighboring provinces. (4) Based on the provincial level, the impact of economic policy uncertainty on carbon emission intensity in various regions is significantly positive, with the most significant impact on the western region. Based on the above conclusions, the paper proposes policy suggestions to stabilize the regional carbon emission intensity in all directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the framework of the "double carbon" strategy in China, green finance has emerged as a crucial factor in restructuring the economic landscape. This paper explores the impact of green finance on labor allocation between polluting and green industries and reveals that enterprises for which green credit is available tend to employ a greater number of workers, particularly those with higher skill levels. Mechanism analysis suggests this phenomenon can be attributed to an increase in new capital and capital-skill complementarity. Heterogeneity analysis further demonstrates that green credit plays a more pronounced role in optimizing the composition of skilled personnel in green private enterprises. The findings of this paper shed light on the relationship between capital and labor at the enterprise level and provide a foundation for formulating monetary policies that guide the low-carbon transformation of polluting enterprises, in order to reach the objective of "stabilizing enterprises and ensuring employment". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, a new pattern of world economic development is taking shape, and different development models featuring a green, low-carbon, and recycling economy have become the goals pursued by all countries. China is in a critical period of economic transformation. Establishing a sound financial system for green, low-carbon, and recycling economic development is an essential initiative for China to realize the dual-carbon goal, build a modern financial system for sustainable development, and promote the construction of a community of human destiny. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to dynamically monitor the development of China's green, low-carbon, and recycling economy and explore regional development differences to realize coordinated and sustainable regional development. This paper measures the level of green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development in 30 provinces and cities in China by constructing a dynamic evaluation system for green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development and utilizing a dual incentive model. The empirical results show that since 2014, the level of green, low-carbon, and recycling economy development in China's provinces and cities has been on an upward trend. Still, the level of action needs to be balanced. Therefore, it is imperative to create an institutional environment conducive to advancing green and low-carbon technologies, promoting structural adjustment and energy efficiency, and reducing regional differences in green, lowcarbon, and recycling development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To promote high-quality economic development, China continues to strengthen its network infrastructure, but it is unclear how this affects the regional ecosystem. To clarify the impact direction, based on the weekly data of river pollution in China from 2004 to 2018, this paper regards the Broadband China (BC) strategy as a quasi-natural experiment and uses a difference-in-difference (DID) model for empirical analysis. The study found that network infrastructure construction significantly exacerbates river pollution. After a series of robustness tests, such as the placebo test and propensity score matching DID (PSM-DID), this research conclusion still holds. The impact of network infrastructure construction on river pollution is more visible in economically developed regions as well as cities with a higher level of digital economy development. The mechanism analysis confirms that during the sample period, network infrastructure construction led to secondary industry agglomeration but did not have a significant impact on innovation ability or environmental regulation, thus leading to the continuous intensification of river pollution. This paper not only provides empirical evidence for the study of the environmental effects of network infrastructure construction but also provides suggestions on how to better weigh the relationship between economic development and the environment in the digital economy [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green technology innovation plays an important role in achieving high-quality economic development in China. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to study the effect of the Energy-consuming Right Trading Policy (ERTP) on green technology innovation. Based on the panel data of 279 cities in China from 2006 to 2020, this paper analyzes the effect of the ERTR on urban green technology innovation capacity (GTIC) by using the difference-in-differences (DID) model. The study shows that the ERTR can significantly improve urban GTIC and validates the “Weak Porter Hypothesis”. After a series of robustness tests, this conclusion still holds. Furthermore, the mechanism analysis shows that the ERTP can promote urban GTIC through industrial structure upgrading. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis indicates that the ERTR can significantly improve the GTIC of eastern cities and non-resource cities. This paper fills the gap of related studies and provides an important reference for improving the ERTP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive farming behavior is a key strategy for farmers to cope with climate change. This paper aims to explore the potential impacts of climate change information sources on farmers’ adaptive farming behavior. This paper clarifies the internal mechanism of three typical information sources, namely government departments, scientific research institutions and neighborhood communication, affecting farmers' adaptive farming behavior. Based on the sample data of 1200 farmers in the main wheat producing areas of Shaanxi Province, the theoretical conjecture is empirically tested. The results showed that the climate change information from government departments and scientific research institutions has a significant positive impact on farmers' adaptive farming behavior, but in the case of considering the three sources of information at the same time, the information source of scientific research institutions has the strongest positive impact on farmers' adaptive farming behavior. After farmers have access to climate change information exchanged by government departments, scientific research institutions and neighbors, their differences in climate change adaptive farming behavior mainly depend on their climate change cognition rather than subject trust factors. Formally organized climate change information represented by government departments and scientific research institutions has a more significant positive impact on farmers' adaptive farming behavior, but this impact depends largely on whether the information obtained by farmers can improve their climate change awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the global environmental crisis evolves, China’s traditional industries have serious problems of high energy consumption, high emission and low energy efficiency. Developing green industries has become an important direction of China’s industrial transformation and upgrading. This paper selects scientific innovation industry as a typical representative of green industry and studies its financing environment assessment. In order to solve the financing dilemma faced by the science and technology innovation industry, this paper puts forward the evaluation method of the financing environment of science and technology innovation industry based on Bayesian network from the Angle of industry particularity. In this paper, Netica software is used to construct a Bayesian network model of the financing environment of the science and technology innovation industry, and the financing environment of the science and technology innovation industry in 2016-2020 is inferred according to the annual probability distribution. Then, the sensitivity analysis is carried out, and the hierarchical policy simulation is used to simulate the conditional probability of the initial node and the intermediate node respectively, so as to determine the impact of each node on the financing environment, and finally obtain the optimization path. The research results can be of great value for improving the financing environment of scientific innovation industry and promoting the development of green industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid economic development has caused a continuous increase in carbon emissions, which has led to a series of problems such as environmental pollution and climate change, resulting in a decline in economic, ecological and social welfare. The increase in human well-being generated by each unit of carbon emissions can be expressed in terms of well-being performance of carbon emissions. Based on provincial panel data from 2005 to 2020 in China, this paper provides an in-depth exploration of the impact of the rationalization and upgrading of industrial structure on the well-being performance of carbon emissions by constructing a fixed-effect model. The conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) The rationalization of industrial structure at this stage has not yet had an impact on well-being performance of carbon emissions, and upgrading can significantly contribute to the improvement of well-being performance of carbon emissions. (2) the impact of industrial structure upgrading on well-being performance of carbon emissions is heterogeneous. Advancedization only significantly contributes to the well-being performance of carbon emissions of eastern regions, regions with low natural resource endowments, regions with high external dependence and regions with high environmental awareness. The conclusion of the paper provides an important reference for other countries to optimize the industrial structure to improve well-being performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increased nitrogen fertilizer use has greatly boosted the agricultural production in China, however, imposed considerable environmental issues. Reducing nitrogen use in agriculture is inevitable for China to achieve the sustainable development goals. This paper established a partial equilibrium model to evaluate the reducing effects on nitrogen use under scenarios of nitrogen optimized utilization and nitrogen use efficiency improvement among seven crops and seven regions in China. Simulations revealed that: (1) nitrogen optimized utilization helps to reduce 7.73% agricultural nitrogen use in China, soybean turns to be the only exceptional crop that nitrogen use would be doubled; (2) nitrogen use could be continuously decreasing with the nitrogen use efficiency improvement, the reducing rates are 8.28% to 27.91% under 10% to 40% improvement scenarios; (3) among the crops, soybean and peanut have far greater reducing rates than other crops, maize is simulated as the least sensitive crop; (4) East, North and Central China, contribute over 60% of nitrogen use in China, while in Northeast China, nitrogen use performs the least sensitivity to the modelling scenarios. Therefore, this paper suggests that policies and incentives on nitrogen optimized utilization and nitrogen use efficiency improvement are necessary, and heterogeneities in both crops and regions indicate that flexible adjustment strategies of cropping structures in different regions should be taken into consideration towards less agricultural nitrogen use in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the economy and the introduction of environmental policies, increasingly serious environmental problems are getting more and more attention. Studying how to motivate enterprises to actively fulfil their environmental responsibilities and establish the concept of green development is the key to achieving sustainable development. This paper selects a sample of large steel enterprises of the China Iron and Steel Industry Association from 2008 to 2017, and explores the effect of environmental responsibility of industrial enterprises on corporate economic performance and the transmission mechanism based on the perspective of the mediating effect of green reputation. The results show that corporate environmental responsibility (CER) has a significant positive effect on corporate performance. Green reputation has a significant mediating effect in the impact of corporate environmental responsibility on economic performance. In addition, the differences in the mediating effects of green reputation between corporate environmental responsibility and economic performance are explored in depth from the perspectives of regional heterogeneity and ownership heterogeneity. Finally, based on the findings, the paper suggests that corporate policy makers should balance environmental and economic benefits in their management, and promote the establishment of management systems and production methods that use environmental protection as a value leader and growth driver. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the Chinese government promoting the “Double Carbon” policy and high-economic development, environmental regulation and economic efficiency research has become a hot topic. However, existing research focuses on industrial economic efficiency, ignoring logistics industry, which has high emissions and energy consumption. Based on provincial panel data from China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2009 to 2020, this paper uses a super-SBM, which includes undesirable outputs and is combined with the Global Malmquist-Luenberger (GML) index, to measure and analyze the regional logistics efficiency. Panel regression and threshold regression models are used to test the impact of formal and informal environmental regulations on logistics efficiency, rather than the common single perspective. The results indicate that: (1) Environmental regulation has a significant impact on the overall logistics efficiency of the Yangtze River Economic Belt during the study period, and there is a problem of regional development incongruity. The maximum difference in logistics efficiency between provinces is 0.5637. (2) The impact mechanism of formal and informal environmental regulations differs, and each percentage of informal environmental regulation has a promotion effect on logistics efficiency that is 0.0827% higher than that of formal environmental regulation. (3) Formal environmental regulation has a single threshold effect on logistics efficiency, whereas informal environmental regulation has a double threshold effect, demonstrating that overregulation can have the opposite effect. Based on different regulatory tools, this paper makes pertinent recommendations to promote the coordinated development of the logistics industry’s economic and environmental benefits in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Village planning has assigned a single fixed boundary to the village to protect the external spatial form type of the village from destruction. To meet its development needs, the village needs to change the fixed boundary. How to delineate a boundary that does not destroy the external spatial form type of the village but also meets the development needs of the village has become an urgent problem to be solved. This paper proposes a strategy to delineate flexible boundaries for villages. This strategy accomplishes the delineation of flexible boundaries without destroying the spatial form type of the village by adjusting the control parameters to meet the needs of village development for boundaries. Firstly, the strategy calculates the value of the optimal village boundary corresponding to the control parameter, then constructs the mathematical and theoretical relationship between the village’s external spatial form type and the optimal boundary corresponding to the parameter, and finally determines the range of spatial form type corresponding to the control parameter and selects 20 traditional villages in China as empirical evidence. The results show that: the length of control parameters corresponding to the external spatial form types of villages shows the law of segmental distribution; the higher the degree of banding of the external spatial form of villages, the greater the length of control parameters; the range of control parameters for clustered boundary delineation of the village, and the banding tendency of the clustered and banding spatial form types is 15-30, 30-50, and 50-130. The results can provide theoretical references for the planning and design of villages, as well as provide decision-making help for the village participants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coupling coordination of digital economy and green high-quality development of industries is an important way for sustainable and high-quality economic development. This paper constructs an evaluation index system for the digital economy and industrial green high-quality development, and conducts empirical analysis using the coupling coordination model, the spatial autocorrelation model, and the Tobit model. The data from provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt spanning from 2008 to 2021 has been analyzed. Results show that both subsystems exhibit a good and rising coupling coordination, and the regional coupling coordination demonstrates a trend of higher values in the east and lower in the west. Moreover, there is interaction between provinces and cities, albeit with a weakening correlation after 2011. Additionally, spatial clustering is evident between regions with high and low coupling coordination. The coupling coordination degree of each region is impacted by important factors, such as economic development level, financial level, opening up, fiscal expenditure, and urbanization. Therefore, the study recommends policies aimed at boosting the coupling coordination level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Key policy proposals contain promoting the integration and innovation of digital technology and green low-carbon technology, strengthening regional cooperation through the transfer of industries, and adopting differentiated development strategies tailored to regional advantages and the varied impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the STIRPAT model was developed to study the role of financial development in urban low-carbon economic transformation. The statistical analysis used data from 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2009 to 2019. The results show that: (1) there is a positive U-shaped nonlinear relationship between financial development and urban low-carbon economic transformation. (2) Financial development not only directly affects the transformation of the low-carbon economy, but also indirectly affects it through three transmission channels: environmental regulation, industrial structure, and urbanization. (3) The financial development itself and the level of urbanization have a threshold effect on the transformation of the low-carbon economy. Under the threshold effect of environmental regulation and industrial structure, the role of financial development in the transformation of low-carbon economies presents a process of 'first decrease and then increase'. Therefore, improving the intensity of environmental regulation, implementing differentiated financial and industrial development policies, and controlling the urbanization process are effective measures to promote the transformation of low-carbon economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rise of China’s economy and the expansion of China’s foreign trade scale, the carbon emissions generated by China’s trade are attracting extensive attention from political and academic circles. In the context of global ‘decarbonization’, this paper focuses on the new trade model of digital trade and uses China's provincial panel data from 2013 to 2021 to deeply explore the effect of digital trade development on carbon emissions and its transmission mechanism. We find that digital trade development can reduce regional carbon emissions through structural and technological effects; specifically, industrial structure upgrading, consumption upgrading, and green technology innovation play a crucial intermediary role in this process. Subsequent investigation reveals a nonlinear, diminishing trend in the marginal impact of digital trade on emission reduction. Furthermore, once digital trade surpasses the threshold of environmental regulation its marginal effect on emission reduction becomes more pronounced. Additionally, employing a spatial econometric model has revealed that the advancement of digital trade can also contribute to reducing carbon emissions in neighboring regions. Heterogeneity analysis results demonstrate that the eastern region exhibits the most significant emission reduction effect in relation to digital trade, followed by the western and central regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the web crawler method to obtain information on the distribution of commercial bank branches in China and uses the multidimensional fixed-effects model to explore the impact of commercial bank expansion on firm pollution emissions and its mechanism. The findings reveal that commercial bank expansion significantly reduces firms’ pollution emissions and that there is an optimal geographical radius for this suppression effect. The number of commercial bank branches within 20 km of the firm has the biggest inhibiting influence on the firm’s pollution emission, which diminishes as geographical distance increases. This dampening effect remains robust after testing using the instrumental variable method and the Difference-In-Differences method. Examination of heterogeneity demonstrates that the influence of commercial bank expansion on firm pollution emission depends on the degree of regional low-carbon policies and laws, the level of pollution in the industry, and capital intensity of the industry, as well as the firm’s size and ownership. The mechanism test proves that commercial bank expansion reduces firm pollution emissions by promoting technological progress and increasing their investment in pollution reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous deepening of electricity marketization reform and the large-scale integration of clean energy into the system, the problem of transmission congestion in the power system is frequent, and research on congestion management methods has become a major focus. Therefore, this paper studies the optimization strategy of transmission congestion management in the power spot market. Firstly, the existing congestion management mechanisms were sorted out from two aspects: dynamic management mechanisms, and market steady-state mechanisms. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of various mechanisms were summarized. Then, optimization strategies for congestion management were proposed from three aspects: cost optimization, surplus diversion, and risk optimization. Firstly, based on the ATC reduction method and rescheduling method, a congestion cost optimization strategy is proposed. Secondly, a congestion cost pool and multidimensional allocation indicators, are established and a congestion surplus diversion strategy is proposed. Thirdly, a two-level market for transmission rights trading has been constructed to optimize congestion risk. Finally, a case study was conducted in a certain province in eastern and western China, and the results showed that: 1) Considering the rescheduling method and ATC reduction method to optimize congestion costs can reduce congestion costs by 8.22% and 18.83%, compared to only considering the scheduling method and using ATC reduction method. 2) Establishing a congestion cost pool and multi-dimensional allocation indicators to channel congestion surplus can form price guidance signals. 3) Constructing a two-level market for transmission rights trading can increase the efficiency of system operators by 62.75%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

R&D investment leap is the behavior of an organization to significantly increase or decrease R&D investment in a specific period. Existing literature on R&D investment leap does not pay enough attention to the antecedents. This paper analyzes and tests the knowledge base antecedents of R&D investment leap based on the Punctuated Equilibrium payoff and risk perspective, using a panel data of Chinese listed companies from 2009-2018 as a sample. The results show that technical knowledge base has an opposite effect on R&D investment leap in different directions. Technical diversity and technical complexity have significant positive effects on upward R&D investment leap from exploitation to exploration, technical diversity has significant negative effects on downward R&D investment leap from exploration to exploitation, but technical complexity does not have significant negative effects on downward R&D investment leap. Moreover, environment shock moderate their relationship. When environment shock is advantage, organizations with stronger technical knowledge base are more likely to carry out upward R&D investment; otherwise, organizations with stronger technical knowledge base will slow down the downward R&D investment leap. The results help to enrich and deepen the theoretical study of R&D investment volatility, and have implications for R&D investment decisions in the VUCA environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is currently proposing to build the world's biggest national park system, but the country's existing natural conservation is easily affected by population growth and economic pressures. The Huangshan National Park construction area holds great ecological significance and is one of 49 national parks to be established in China. It locates in the Yangtze River Delta region, where the conflict between people and land is intense. Based on this, this paper quantifies the species richness, ecosystem services, and landscape diversity values, counts the index of human activity intensity, calculates the protection advantage and irreplaceability values of each planning unit, and completes the boundary delineation of the Huangshan National Park construction area through the analysis of marginal benefits. Finally, this study delineates the boundary of Huangshan National Park with a 37% protection ratio, which is primarily located in the central and southern regions of the research area, covering an area of approximately 9498.41 km2. This study develops a scientific boundary delineation solution for the Huangshan National Park construction area, which provides a reference for the spatial management and control of Huangshan National Park and a theoretical foundation for the boundary delineation of Chinese potential national parks in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the impact of digital economy, population, affluence, technology, and other factors on carbon emissions, with panel data for 13 cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration from 2011-2019. To overcome the negative influences of multicollinearity among independent variables under acceptable bias, we extended the traditional STIRPAT model and adopted the Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) algorithm. Results show that the digital economy has a directly dampening effect on carbon emissions, and the effect will diminish as the digital economy develops. Besides, under different development levels, differences are significant in terms of the impact of population, affluence, technology, urbanization rate and industrial structure on carbon emissions. Academically, we applied the PLSR method to the study of the relationship between digital economy and carbon emissions for the first time, which enhanced the credibility of the research conclusions. In addition, analysis based on samples from China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration also provides more empirical evidence for related research. Practically, we recommend such policies as developing digital cities, promoting low-carbon concepts, and accelerating industrial transformation for the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region to achieve the "dual-carbon" goals and high-quality economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A relatively high share of small-scale farmers in China is living in a precarious environment that limits their productivity. Moreover, small-scale farmers are among the most vulnerable population characterized by the lack of capital, therefore, they face difficulties in coping with the negative effects of climate risk. A good financial system is among the numerous solutions to help farmers to be more resilient to external risks. However, the traditional financial system often excludes the most vulnerable population. Therefore, this study attempts to understand the relationship between climate risk, digital inclusive finance, and the income of the farmers. Specifically, we want to verify if digital inclusive finance mitigates the impact of climate risk, thus increasing the income of farmers. For that, we used panel data from 288 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2020. We found that climate risk decreases the income of farmers, and the magnitude of the effect of climate risk is higher for middle and low-income farmers, for cities with a relatively low level of agricultural insurance, and in the northern region. Thus, climate risk increases the income gap between farmers and between urban and rural areas. Moreover, we found that digital inclusive finance, the coverage breadth, usage depth, and digitalization level of digital finance mitigate the adverse effect of climate risk on the income of farmers. This paper provides new perspectives for policymakers to mitigate the effect of climate risk on the income of farmers, improve the ability of farmers to adapt to climate change and reduce the income gap between farmers and between urban-rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fragile ecosystems that are affected by erosion from high pollution environmental loads pose a serious threat to human health and well-being. The evaluation of regional environmental loads has become a major issue for eco-environmental conservation and management. As a key region in central China, Hubei Province relies on ecosystems and the environment, which offer an important foundation for sustainable development and continuous improvements in social productivity. For this study, seven influencing factors were selected, and a correlation degree model was applied to assess Hubei Province's environmental loads during the period from 1995-2019. The results show that the overall environmental loads exhibit a fluctuating decreasing trend in response to economic growth and development actions. Moreover, as eco-environmental pollution problems have been addressed and improved over time, the ecosystem operating status has been gradually optimized. Finally, the paper concludes with a proposal of specific measures designed to mitigate Hubei Province's ecological loading from the perspectives of industrial structure, public awareness and technological innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the depletion of shallow mineral resources, deep shaft mining has become an inevitable trend, but there is a lack of systematic review on the hazards of deep shaft mining ecological environment on miners' occupational health. The aim of this paper is to study the impact and main hazards of deep shaft mining ecological environment on miners' occupational health, summarize the existing research results and reveal their limitations, and put forward the latest targeted improvement technologies. The conclusions show that the environmental characteristics of deep mine dust, noise, and high temperature seriously jeopardize occupational health. Pneumoconiosis has become one of the biggest threats, with nearly 14,000 new cases per year since 2009; harmful noise exposure is widespread in deep mines, directly jeopardizing occupational health, with a detection rate of 29.96% of hearing impairment among China's 480,200,000 miners; and the average ground temperatures at the current mining depths of -1,000 m and -2,000 m are 41.84℃ and 69.62℃, respectively, which are very likely to trigger a variety of heat-related diseases in miners. Miners with a variety of heat-related illnesses. The hazards of these environmental features are seriously underestimated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By utilizing the center of gravity-standard deviation ellipse, kernel density estimation, and GeoDetector, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution pattern of China's agricultural green TFP and the dynamic evolution law of its distribution in different regions based on the provincial-level related input-output data of China's agriculture from 2001 to 2020. It also investigates the factors that affect its spatial differentiation. We find that (1) China's agricultural green TFP, which has a long-term upward trend and an average annual growth rate of 3.21% between 2001 and 2020, is mostly fueled by technological advancements in the field of agriculture. (2) Agricultural green TFP tends to move eastnorthward, and its spatial distribution is gradually expanding, showing a northeast-southwest pattern. (3) Agricultural green TFP in the country as a whole and the three major food regions has increased over the study period, with absolute differences within the country gradually narrowing, and cities with higher agricultural green TFP within the regions approaching the average, and the polarization phenomenon easing. (4) The main determinants of the spatial divergence of green TFP in agriculture are the replanting index, agricultural output per capita, and the degree of financial support for agriculture. The strength of the interactions between the various factors is significantly greater than the explanatory power of any one factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many factors determine the quality of the growth and development of cotton. To compare their influences on the quality of the growth and development of cotton, nine different irrigation modes, including flood irrigation, drip irrigation under a film, and subsurface irrigation under a film, are considered at other lower limits as the influential factors and are regarded as the optimal indices in this paper. A synthetic assessment model is established according to relevant experimental results based on the AHP-TOPSIS theory, and the accelerated genetic projection pursuit algorithm to analyze and compare the different schemes, and the experimental results are compared with the theoretical results. The results show that subsurface irrigation under a film with a lower irrigation index limit of 70-75% of the field water capacity is the best scheme for the growth and development of cotton; with this scheme, the cotton production can be increased. The conclusions provide a specific theoretical basis for selecting future irrigation modes in arid areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses the panel data of 245 cities in China from 2005 to 2020 to build an ambient air pollution index to measure ambient air quality. Taking China's national smart city pilot as a quasiexperiment, the impact of smart city construction on urban ambient air quality and its impact path is tested by using the multi-period double difference method. The research results show that the construction of smart cities has significantly improved the urban ambient air quality, and with the improvement of the level of smart city construction, the degree of improvement in urban ambient air quality shows a positive fluctuation trend. The mechanism test results show that the construction of smart cities improves urban ambient air quality by enhancing the level of technological innovation and marketization in the city. Heterogeneity testing shows that the ambient air quality improvement effects of smart city construction vary depending on the size of the city's population and the geographical location of the city. Furthermore, the moderating effect test shows that financial autonomy and industrial structure upgrading have a positive moderating effect on the improvement of ambient air quality in smart cities, while local government environmental regulation intensity has a reverse moderating effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water, energy, and food (WEF) are vital strategic resources for human survival and development, which are interacting positively or negatively. While WEF sustainability has received significant attention and extensive research has examined its interactions, there are a few studies exploring the trade-offs arising from advancing the sustainable development process. This paper aims to study the internal interrelation and external impact on WEF sustainability from the perspective of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We first quantified the WEF sustainability at the provincial level in China from 2003 to 2020, then used panel vector autoregression (PVAR) to identify the interactions within the WEF system and examined how related SDGs actions (SDG 8, 12, 13) affected it. The findings revealed spatial disparities in sustainable processes across provinces. Internally, prioritizing water-sustainable actions fostered overall synergistic development, while trade-offs emerged between food and energy systems. Externally, SDG 8, 12, and 13 acceleration actions mainly contributed to WEF sustainability, but maintaining GDP growth and reducing CO2 emissions both presented challenges to sustainability. This study not only enriches the understanding of WEF sustainability from the SDGs perspective, but also provides valuable insights into how sustainable development actions can affect the WEF system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of green control technologies in agriculture is an important approach to ensure the quality and safety of agricultural products, address agricultural pollution from its source, and promote increased productivity and income in agriculture, thereby driving high-quality agricultural development. This paper is based on production and operation data from 2,155 tea farmers in 16 major tea-producing provinces in China. Using an endogenous transformation model from the perspective of the value chain, it empirically analyzes the impact of adopting green control technologies on tea farmers' income and draws three conclusions. First, the adoption of green control technologies significantly promotes income growth for tea farmers. Second, the awareness of tea farmers regarding pesticide residue limits and the exchange of pest control techniques among tea farmers significantly enhance the adoption of green control technologies. Third, the income effects of adopting green control technologies differ across different stages of the value chain, with the income growth in the cultivation stage being lower than that in the processing and marketing stages. Finally, based on the analysis and relevant research by scholars, four targeted suggestions are proposed: (1) Increase efforts to promote the adoption of green control technologies and enhance farmers' willingness to adopt them. (2) Promote education and training on green control technologies for tea farmers. (3) Ensure fair distribution of benefits along the agricultural value chain. (4) Strengthen the promotion of green control technologies at the market and consumer end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the data of 2015 China Household Finance Survey (CHFS), this paper applies the intermediary effect model to identify the intermediate transmission mechanism in which farmland transfers affect agricultural production efficiency. The results show that the output value of households that have transferred farmland is increased by about 27% more than those that have not. In addition, the transfer of farmland has a more significant impact on the agricultural production efficiency of young and middle --aged families. The transfer of farmland from grain production areas has an increased tendency to household output value. The mechanism analysis shows that the transfer of farmland affects agricultural production efficiency in the following two ways. On the one hand, the transfer of farmland can help realize the effective replacement of labor by machinery, increase the mechanization degree of agricultural production, and realize the scale effect of farmland. On the other hand, based on the maximization of their own interests, farmers prefer to plant cash crops and improve agricultural production efficiency through the selection effect. By comparing the above two effects, we found that the planting selection behavior of compacting grain and expanding economic growth is more prominent. Therefore, this article proposes to promote the development of the farmland transfer market and make use of scale advantage. Meanwhile, the self-selection behavior of transferred farmers in planting crops should be valued and young people with advanced concepts to engage in agricultural production activities should be introduced, which inject "fresh blood" into agricultural modernization. However, we should also keep the red line of farmland and alert the phenomenon of "non-agricultural" and "non-grain" in the transfer of farmland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reducing food waste is an important initiative to ensure food security and mitigate climate change. Previous studies have largely ignored the influence of reference points on food waste behavior and the role of human-to-human relational interactions, failing to capture their role in guiding residents' food waste behavior (RFWBs). To address this gap, this study proposes a model that examines the role of reference dependence, normative internalization, and symbolic expectations in RFWBs, while introducing network embeddedness as a moderating variable. Using data collected from 981 respondents online, ordinary least squares were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that reference dependence and normative internalization had a positive effect on reducing RFWBs with regression coefficients of 0.178 and 0.293 respectively, while symbolic expectations also had a positive effect on RFWBs with a regression coefficient of 0.227. Additionally, Network embeddedness played a significant moderating role in reference dependence, normative internalization, and symbolic expectations with RFWBs. This paper is theoretically innovative and the relevant findings fill the current research gap in the field of food waste, providing guidance and reference for government departments to formulate policies and promote residents to implement food waste reduction behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental information disclosure (EID) is an important measure to promote multiple subjects' collaborative management of pollution emissions. In this paper, we first measure the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of 282 cities in China from 2006 to 2020, and clarify the theoretical mechanisms and transmission channels of EID affecting CO2. Subsequently, the Time-varying difference-in-differences (DID) and the mediation effect model are used to assess the impact of EID on CO2 and its transmission mechanism, respectively. The study shows that although EID is a voluntary environmental regulation, the policy significantly reduces CO2, and this reduction effect has regional and low-carbon policy intensity heterogeneity. The study also shows that green technology innovation and energy intensity mediate the carbon reduction effect of EID. This study has important reference significance for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving the quality of economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ports play an important role in transportation networks, but the ecological efficiency of many ports cannot reach an effective level. To improve the ecological efficiency of ports, we need to analyze the current ecological efficiency of ports and propose policy recommendations based on the results. In this paper, we first employed the super-efficiency SBM model to calculate the ecological efficiency of the four major ports in the Yangtze River Delta port group from 2011 to 2021. The results showed that the average comprehensive ecological efficiency of the four major ports was 0.647, which did not reach the effective level. The overall ecological efficiency curve was U-shaped. Then we used the Tobit model to analyze the key factors affecting the port's ecological efficiency. We found that the economic development of port cities could promote the improvement of port ecological efficiency. The application level of emerging technologies also had a positive impact, but the impact was weak. However, expanding the scale of the port would reduce its ecological efficiency. At last, we provided some policy recommendations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with the rapid development of digital economy and the urgency of green development, more studies focus on the relationship between digital economy and green development. However, the existing research focuses on the impact of digital economy on green total factor productivity, ignoring digital technology, which is a key technology for improving efficiency to achieve green development. Exploring the impact of digital technologies on green total factor productivity helps to understand the impact of digital economic development on green development from an internal perspective of the digital economy. This paper uses an SBM-GML index to measure regional green total factor productivity based on provincial level data and innovatively constructs digital technology indicators based on micro-level ICT patent data in China. Fixed-effects model is used to study the impact of digital technology on green total factor productivity and moderating model is used to examine the moderating effect of capital accumulation. The results indicate that: (1) At the national level, digital technology is conducive to the improvement of green total factor productivity, and the result passes the robustness test. From a dynamic long-term impact perspective, the effect of digital technology development on green total factor productivity is showing an increasing trend. (2) Digital technology's effect on green total factor productivity is heterogenous. The results of the subregional heterogeneity analysis indicate that the effect is greater in the coastal regions and southern regions. The results of the heterogeneity analysis of the external environment indicate that the effect is greater in regions with smaller economies, regions with lower external economic dependence, and regions with lower government fiscal intervention. (3) Capital accumulation has moderating effect in the process of digital technology affecting green total factor productivity which will inhibit the improvement of digital technology development on green total factor productivity. Based on the conclusions, to better utilize the role of digital technology in promoting green development, it is necessary for the government to build a digital technology exchange platform, promote the balanced development of digital technology, and expand domestic demand to reduce the dependence on capital accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China is currently at a critical stage in transitioning from a large petrochemical country to a powerful one. To clarify the relationship between the development of the petrochemical industry and local ecological economy and explore the scientific development path for the industry, this paper analyzes the influence of petrochemical industry agglomeration on local ecological efficiency. By using panel data from 30 provincial units between 2012 and 2021, the study also investigates the mediating effect of green technology innovation on this relationship. Results show that the agglomeration of China's petrochemical industry positively affects local ecological efficiency. However, given some issues such as separation of production and innovation activities within the industry, a negative correlation exists between the agglomeration level of the petrochemical industry in China and the level of green technology innovation. Consequently, the agglomeration of China's petrochemical industry cannot enhance ecological efficiency through the mediating effect of green technology innovation level. The substantial resource consumption by green technology innovation has not translated into effective ecological economic benefits, which has increased the burden on ecological functions and resulted in a negative effect on ecological efficiency. The research conclusions and proposed measures hold significant implications for the scientific planning of the development of China's petrochemical industry, as well as for promoting regional economic growth and ecological construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Informal environmental regulation, represented by public participation, has an increasingly significant role in environmental governance. This paper utilizes panel data of 285 cities in China from 2003 to 2017. It examines the difference-in-differences (DID) and instrumental variable method (IV) to investigate the causal effect of public participation represented by Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations(ENGOs) on regional carbon emissions. The empirical results show that public participation reduces regional carbon emissions, which still holds after a series of endogeneity and robustness tests. This paper proves an inverted U-shaped nonlinear relationship between the intensity of public participation and regional carbon emissions. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates that regional green technology innovation and strengthening formal environmental regulations are the primary mechanisms for public involvement in promoting regional carbon emission reduction. Finally, this paper discusses the heterogeneity governance effect among cities and finds that the governance effect of the sample is more pronounced in eastern cities, non-resource-based cities, large cities, and provincial capitals. The results reveal the importance of public participation in regional carbon emission reduction and provide an empirical basis for promoting informal environmental regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing a green economy is the focus of China's industrial restructuring, and the digital music industry contributes to the transformation and upgrading of the green economy. This paper focuses on the core problem of the high quality development efficiency of digital music industry and constructs the super-efficiency DEA model of non-parametric estimation and Malmquist index model of dynamic comparison respectively. The paper empirically analyzes the high quality development efficiency of digital music industry by using 2695 observation data of listed companies from 2011 to 2021. The results show that: (1) The high quality development efficiency of digital music industry is relatively high, but there are great differences within the industry. The overall efficiency interval is 0.363,2.251. (2) The high-quality growth effect of the digital music industry is significant, increasing year by year. Malmquist index is 1.2218, maintaining an average annual positive growth of 22.18%. (3) It is necessary for digital music industry to increase investment in technological innovation and promote high-quality and sustainable growth of the industry. 57.14% of enterprises are inefficient in technological progress. (4) Both internal and external factors have significant influence on the high quality development level of digital music. Both Logit model and OLS regression model pass the robustness test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore an effective way to evaluate the comprehensive performance of high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry based on low-carbon constraints, this paper, based on the analysis of research background, drew on the latest domestic and international research results and experience, and fully considered the actual situation of high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry based on low-carbon constraints. Among the five criteria-layer evaluation index of economic development, energy consumption, technological innovation, environmental pressure and environmental pollution governance, 30 representative operating-layer evaluation indicators were selected, and a fuzzy matter-element extension evaluation model for the comprehensive performance evaluation of China's provincial high-quality development based on low-carbon constraints was constructed. By using the relevant statistical data in China Statistical Yearbook, China Energy Statistical Yearbook and China Environmental Status Bulletin, this paper conducted an evaluation study on the comprehensive performance of high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry based on low-carbon constraints in 31 provinces, verified the effectiveness of the fuzzy matterelement extension evaluation model, and provided an effective quantitative analysis method for the comprehensive performance evaluation of high-quality development of China's manufacturing industry based on low-carbon constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The realization of the "double-carbon" goal will contribute to the high-quality and sustainable development of China's economy and society, while the improvement of carbon emission efficiency in Chinese provinces will lay a solid foundation for the realization of the "double-carbon" goal. In this paper, 30 Chinese provinces are selected as research cases. MatLab software is applied to build the slacks-based measure Malmquist-Luenberger (SBM-ML) model to measure carbon efficiency. By the analysis of their carbon efficiency with the fuzzy qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) method, this paper aims to find new ways to improve carbon emission efficiency. Among the data of all the provinces and municipalities, there are only four are greater than 1, revealing much room for improvement in Chinese carbon emission efficiency. The carbon emission efficiency of each province and municipality is synergistically influenced by five elements: environmental regulation, urbanization rate, marketization level, consumer price index, and government environmental expenditure. Different configurations of the five elements constitute four feasible ways to improve carbon emission efficiency. The total consistency level of 0.822277 indicates that the four paths are sufficient conditions for achieving high carbon emission efficiency. The conclusions of this paper are not only helpful in accurately grasping the carbon emission efficiency in Chinese provinces but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving the carbon emission efficiency in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the energy consumption data of the logistics industry in 30 provinces and cities in China, this paper uses the carbon emission accounting method of IPCC to estimate the total carbon emissions of the logistics industry in China from 2010 to 2019, and introduces the carbon emission Theil index. The Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) model is used to measure the regional differences in carbon emissions of China's logistics industry and decompose the influencing factors. The research results show that the total carbon emissions of China's logistics industry have increased significantly, and the total carbon emissions and growth rates of the eastern region are significantly higher than those of the central and western regions. On the whole, the inter-provincial differences in carbon emissions of China's logistics industry have not changed substantially and have shown a downward trend. Intra-regional differences are the main reason for the overall difference in carbon emissions in China's logistics industry, and inter-regional differences have little impact on the overall difference. Among the three major regions, the eastern region has the largest inter-provincial carbon emissions difference, followed closely by the central region, with the western region having the smallest difference. Furthermore, the difference in carbon emissions between the eastern, central, and western regions is expanding, the results of the LMDI model show that the economic development effect is the most important positive effect of the logistics industry's carbon emissions in terms of the national average. The population scale effect is second, and the energy intensity effect is the main negative effect, followed by the energy structure effect. In terms of regional differences, the energy intensity effect is the most obvious in the eastern region, and the population scale effect has a relatively greater impact on the western region. The effect of economic development on the eastern and western regions is higher than in the central region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the main way of international capital flow and an important carrier of international technology spillover, have inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) and outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) improved the green development quality of the logistics industry? Based on the panel data of 27 provinces in China from 2006 to 2015, this paper uses the panel model to empirically test the impact of two-way FDI on the green development quality of the logistics industry. This paper mainly draws the following research conclusions: (1) Two-way FDI had significantly improved the green development quality of the logistics industry, and the promotion effect of IFDI was stronger than that of OFDI, indicating that two-way FDI is a key approach of enhancing the quality of the green development. (2) The impact of two-way FDI on the green development quality has spatial-temporal heterogeneity. Specifically, only in the eastern region, IFDI and OFDI have played a significant role in promoting the green development of the logistics industry at the same time; the role of IFDI in improving the green development quality of the logistics industry has weakened over time, while OFDI has strengthened. (3) The effect of two-way FDI on the green development quality of the logistics industry was affected by the environmental regulation intensity. With the improvement of environmental regulations intensity, the impact of IFDI on the green development quality of the logistics industry presents an "inverted U" trend that first rises and then decreases. The impact of OFDI on the green development quality of the logistics industry presents a gradually increasing characteristic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]