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This paper introduces habit-forming preferences in a Barro-type endogenous growth model with productive public services. Government expenditure, which may be subject to congestion, is financed by distortionary income taxation. Different from the standard time-separable model, the presence of habits makes the economy feature transitional dynamics, which are solved in closed form. Setting the income tax so as to equate the elasticity of public services in production is shown to maximize both long-run growth and welfare as in the standard model. This second-best solution coincides with the first-best outcome only in the presence of proportional congestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach for data-driven design of fault diagnosis system. The proposed fault diagnosis scheme consists of an adaptive residual generator and a bank of isolation observers, whose parameters are directly identified from the process data without identification of complete process model. To deal with normal variations in the process, the parameters of residual generator are online updated by standard adaptive technique to achieve reliable fault detection performance. After a fault is successfully detected, the isolation scheme will be activated, in which each isolation observer serves as an indicator corresponding to occurrence of a particular type of fault in the process. The thresholds can be determined analytically or through estimating the probability density function of related variables. To illustrate the performance of proposed fault diagnosis approach, a laboratory-scale three-tank system is finally utilized. It shows that the proposed data-driven scheme is efficient to deal with applications, whose analytical process models are unavailable. Especially, for the large-scale plants, whose physical models are generally difficult to be established, the proposed approach may offer an effective alternative solution for process monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics of a viral infection model with nonautonomous lytic immune response is studied from the perspective of dying out of the disease. With the help of the theory of exponential dichotomy of linear systems, we give a new proof about the global asymptotic stability of the infection-free equilibrium for the case R0 = 1. The result improves and complements one of the results of Wang et al. (2006). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid impulsive pest control model with stage structure for pest and Holling II functional response is proposed and investigated, in which the effects of impulsive pesticide input in the environment and in the organism are considered. Sufficient conditions for global attractiveness of the pest-extinction periodic solution and permanence of the system are obtained, which show that there exists a globally asymptotically stable pest-extinction periodic solution when the number of natural enemies released is more than some critical value, whereas the system can be permanent when the number of natural enemies released is less than another critical value. Furthermore, numerical simulations are carried out to illustrate our theoretical results and facilitate their interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]