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There is no doubt that economic globalization creates a golden opportunity for the development of aviation economy in the world; meanwhile, the world economy has entered the aviation century of the 21st century from the navigation century of the 20th century. As a new type of regional economy, the aviation economy is attracting more and more attention from all sectors of society and becoming a significant field for many countries and regions in the world. As the city that has been strategically promoted as the first pilot zone for airport economy development in China (Liang, 2013), Zhengzhou is endowed with remarkable geographic advantage. Coupled with policy advantages from Chinese government, its development is crucial to the development of regional economy in the entire province; therefore, this research paper studied its advantages, disadvantages, opportunities, and threats for developing aviation economy and analyzed its possibility for developing a well-established aviation industry. Secondly, the current condition of airport logistics in Henan province was analyzed, especially the current situation and noticeable problems. Thirdly, the gray analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between aviation industry and economy development in Henan. Finally, the according development strategy and suggestions for developing aviation economy were put forward, such as innovating industrial development models, exploring new modes of financing, establishing a sound transportation system and airport supporting facilities, and improving the talent introduction program in airport industry. Overall, this paper researched the aviation economy in Henan province from the perspective of regional economy development, analyzed the current issues occurred in the aviation economy development process, and offered suggestions accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of society and the improvement of residents' living standards, sports competition events have attracted much attention as a large-scale event that is popular with the people. Based on the process of holding sports competitions, this paper obtains 14 evaluation indicators from four dimensions of policy, social environment, economy, and natural environment, uses the PSO-SVM algorithm for a comprehensive evaluation, and finally selects Henan Province as the empirical research object. Empirical research shows that the PSO-SVM algorithm has certain applicability in evaluating SCE and can provide a reference for the government and event organizers. The evaluation index system and evaluation model constructed in this paper have certain practical value, but the training data are insufficient and the model still needs to be further improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under the background of the new normal economy, ecotourism maintains a good momentum of development. Therefore, it can be foreseen that industrial integration is an inevitable trend in the development of contemporary industries, and the integration of cultural industries and tourism industries will bring good effects to regional economic development. In order to fully study the impact of ecotourism and its applied technologies on regional economy and culture, this paper proposes research on the application of virtual reality technology in the coordination and interaction of regional economy and culture in the sustainable development of ecotourism. The approach of this paper is to study VR technology in digital tourism and then to evaluate the sustainability of ecotourism and economic culture. The role of these methods is to study the interaction process between the tourism industry, regional economy, and cultural industry. It explores the law of action between the three so as to achieve the purpose of system optimization. Taking Henan Province, China, as an example, this paper discusses the application of virtual reality technology in ecotourism and studies the impact of ecotourism on economy and culture. The experimental results show that the average value of ecotourism-economic-cultural coordination degree in Henan Province is 0.399, and it is urgent to apply virtual reality technology in ecotourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of the present situation of "learning difficulty" in health statistics, this paper proposes a video visualization technology based on the convolutional neural network, which updates parameters by calculating the gradient of loss function to obtain accurate or nearly accurate loss function. Taking the students from 2014 to 2017 in a university in Henan as the research object, this paper analyzes the video visualization technology and its application effect on the teaching of college students' health statistics from the aspects of students' course awareness, learning behavior, communication between teachers and students, knowledge mastery, and course satisfaction. The results show that the external model load difference between each explicit variable and latent variable is statistically significant. Learning behavior and communication between teachers and students have a direct impact on the mastery of knowledge, and the degree of influence from high to low is as follows: learning behavior and communication between teachers and students. The teaching effect model of health statistics based on video visualization technology of the convolutional neural network has certain practicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Higher vocational education has developed rapidly and attracted wide attention. Teaching quality evaluation is an important part of teaching management in classroom teaching and is an important part of teaching management. Based on the theory of teaching quality, 16 evaluation indicators are identified from the four aspects of teaching attitude, teaching content, teaching process, and teaching results and an HVE quality evaluation index system is constructed. The evaluation model is established by BP neural network algorithm. Finally, five higher vocational colleges in Henan Province are selected for empirical research. The results show that the evaluation model constructed in this paper has certain applicability and can provide a reference for HVE quality evaluation and improvement. Although the evaluation models herein have certain applicable values, further improvements are still needed in terms of indicator identification and correction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the MEPDG method, the operation process of MEPDG was analyzed and the MEPDG correction method applied to the remaining life prediction of airport pavement was obtained. According to the theory of structural reliability, the performance function of airport pavement was obtained based on the limit state equation represented by flexural stress. Considering the characteristics of airport cement concrete pavement design, the calculation formula of the number of allowable load actions was obtained based on reliability by NCHRP126 fatigue equation without considering the temperature stress when the flexural fatigue strength of pavement plate cement concrete was less than 1.25 times of the design strength. Based on the actual situation of local civil airport runways in Henan Province, the proposed MEPDG correction method was used to analyze the flexural stress of the actual operating airport runway pavement at 95% reliability level based on the mechanical numerical model of airport runway, and the number of allowable load actions of three aircraft models was obtained. Given the impact of pass-to-coverage ratio P/C, the cumulative damage factor CDF of the major aircraft models was calculated; the annual average growth rate of different aircraft models in the airport pavement evaluation stage was obtained based on the trend extension method. According to the predicted average annual cumulative damage, the remaining life of pavement was predicted. Compared with the actual conditions of the airport, the remaining life predicted in this paper was consistent with the actual life, which verifies the effect of the prediction of the remaining life of airport runway considering the impact of reliability and damage accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As new urbanization constantly develops, the county economy plays a vital role between country and city, and high economic resilience is necessary to support and safeguard for smooth functioning of the county development. The paper constructs the index system of county economic resilience in Henan Province from three dimensions: risk resistance ability, self-stability, and sustainable development ability, and to empirically analyze the economic resilience of 104 counties and cities in the province from 2013 to 2020 using the entropy weight-normal cloud model. The results show that Henan counties' economic resilience increases slowly over time and decreases spatially from the center to the surrounding region, with Zhengzhou as the main center and Luoyang and Sanmenxia as the subcenter; risk resistance ability and self-stabilization are more influential than the sustainable development ability; the key indicators affecting economic resilience are GDP per capita, retail sales of social consumer goods per capita, financial self-sufficiency rate, education expenditure per capita, and population mobility. Therefore, the counties in Henan should find the right positioning to improve economic resilience; central cities such as Zhengzhou and Luoyang should play their strong functions, while strengthening support for peripheral counties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, there is a huge gap between supply and demand of old-age services in rural areas of China. Developing rural mutual old-age services is of great significance to remedy the gap. Based on the survey data of 1200 rural residents in Hubei and Henan provinces, this paper adopts binary logistic regression model to analyze the influence of special trust and general trust on rural residents' willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. The results show that both special trust and general trust have an impact on rural residents' willingness to participate in mutual support for the elderly, but the effect of special trust on rural residents' willingness to participate in mutual support for the elderly is not significant. General trust has a significant promoting effect on rural residents' willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. Chinese rural residents' trust in village cadres has a significant promoting effect on their willingness to participate in mutual assistance for the aged. The trust of ordinary friends significantly inhibited their willingness to participate. The educational level, living style, and economic status of Chinese rural residents have a positive impact on their willingness to participate in mutual care for the aged. Age, marital status, health status, and intergenerational relationship are inversely correlated with willingness to participate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stroke is the first leading cause of mortality in China with annual 2 million deaths. According to the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, the annual in-hospital costs for the stroke patients in China reach ¥20.71 billion. Moreover, multivariate stepwise linear regression is a prevalent big data analysis tool employing the statistical significance to determine the explanatory variables. In light of this fact, this paper aims to analyze the pertinent influence factors of diagnosis related groups- (DRGs-) based stroke patients on the in-hospital costs in Jiaozuo city of Henan province, China, to provide the theoretical guidance for medical payment and medical resource allocation in Jiaozuo city of Henan province, China. All medical data records of 3,590 stroke patients were from the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan Polytechnic University between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2019, which is a Class A tertiary comprehensive hospital in Jiaozuo city. By using the classical statistical and multivariate linear regression analysis of big data related algorithms, this study is conducted to investigate the influence factors of the stroke patients on in-hospital costs, such as age, gender, length of stay (LoS), and outcomes. The essential findings of this paper are shown as follows: (1) age, LoS, and outcomes have significant effects on the in-hospital costs of stroke patients; (2) gender is not a statistically significant influence factor on the in-hospital costs of the stroke patients; (3) DRGs classification of the stroke patients manifests not only a reduced mean LoS but also a peculiar shape of the distribution of LoS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks are a complex system that members communicate, create new connections or destroy existing connections, and further deliver major impacts on each member's life. Given the spread of the Internet and increased academic pressure, sedentary and prescreen behaviors are very common among adolescents; meanwhile, sports behaviors are gradually decreasing. This situation has had an adverse effect on health. This paper used a questionnaire survey to investigate the influence of social networks on adolescent sports behavior, including the intermediary role of social efficacy and moderating effect of self-presentation. The questionnaire survey was conducted on 568 students from 6 high schools in Shaanxi, Henan, and Shandong Provinces. After this, factor analysis and weighted least squares method were used for the empirical test. Based on theoretical and empirical analysis, this paper found the following: (1) Social networks of adolescents have obvious positive predictive effects on their sports behavior. A single online social network and an offline social network, instrumental network, emotional network, and mixed network have obvious positive predictive effects on adolescent sports behaviors. However, under the influence of multiple types of social networks, an offline social network has a negative predictive effect, while a mixed network has effects that are not as obvious. (2) Social efficacy plays an intermediary role in the relationship between social network and adolescent sports behavior. (3) The moderating effect of self-presentation is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The accuracy of the drainage radius plays a vital role in the gas drainage effect, and the establishment of the drainage model and numerical calculation of the model has an essential value for the accurate determination of the drainage radius. Based on the elastoplastic constitutive model of mining coal and rock mass, effective stress equation, gas content equation, gas flow continuity, and control equation established by predecessors, the gas-solid coupling model of coal-rock deformation and pressure-relief gas flow in protective layer mining was established in this paper. The numerical simulation prototype was based on the mining engineering practice of a short-distance and underprotective steep seam mining in a mine in western Henan of China. COMSOL Multiphysics coupling software was used to numerically calculate the coupling model, and the influence radius of different mining pressure-relief area and different drainage time was obtained. The results show that under the same geological conditions and mining conditions, the impact range of drilling in the pressure-relief area of the protected layer is larger than that of the nonrelief area. As the working face of the protection layer advances, the pressure-relief area of the protected layer gradually increases, the influence range of the drainage borehole increases, the drainage borehole has undergone a process of initial stress-stress concentration-stress reduction-stress recovery successively, and the strike drainage radius is larger than the inclined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to carry out a quantitative analysis of the teaching effect of college English courses based on multivariate matrix evaluation model, this paper takes as research objects 87-year 2020-enrolled undergraduate students from a university in Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, central China. On the basis of summarizing and analyzing previous research works, this study expounded the research status and significance of quantitative analysis of the teaching effect of college English courses, elaborated the development background, current status, and future challenges of multivariate matrix evaluation model, introduced the data source and the subjects, contents, and means of teaching effect quantification in this research, analyzed the feedback and guiding function of the teaching effect quantification result of college English courses, discussed the motivation and diagnosis function of the teaching effect quantification result of college English courses, conducted analyses of factors affecting the teaching effect quantification of college English courses, constructed the quantitative dimension of teaching effect of college English courses based on the multivariate matrix evaluation model, and finally designed the quantification system of teaching effect of college English courses based on the multivariate matrix evaluation model. The research results show that the quantitative analysis process of the teaching effect of college English courses has the characteristics of complex structure and many hierarchies, and there are also mutual influences and functions between its subsystems. In order to ensure the rationality and effectiveness of comprehensive quantification, the index system construction of the multivariate matrix evaluation model follows scientific, systematic, and focused principles. The teaching effect quantification process combines four influencing factors of perspective, content, mode, and method with the quantification standard, and constructs a hierarchical quantification structure with target layer, restriction factor layer, and restriction sub-factor layer. The tools it uses usually include observations, interviews, self-evaluation, mutual evaluation, student files, reading notes, project presentations, etc. Teachers adjust teaching goals and plans in time by observing the quantification results of students at all levels, which will help improve students' enthusiasm for learning and give full play to students' autonomy and initiative in English courses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The service performance of reinforced concrete bridges degrades overtime under environmental and vehicle loads. Accurate bridge deterioration analysis can provide a more scientific suggestion for the formulation of road bridge maintenance, strengthening, and reconstruction plans to ensure the operational safety of road bridges. Combined with bridge inspection data from the bridge database in Henan Province, we propose a prognostic model which is based on the Cox regression model for the service performance of newly operated highway girder bridges based on survival analysis theory. The Cox regression model can not only simultaneously analyze the effects of numerous factors on bridge survival, but also handle the presence of censored data in bridge survival data, which does not require the data to meet a specific distribution type. It shows that the decay rate of the deck system, superstructure, and substructure decreases with time in service, which is consistent with the actual decay pattern of the bridge structure. To further verify the accuracy of the model, the authors built a multilayer perceptron neural network with one hidden layer and used the cross-entropy error as the loss function. It showed that the importance of the deck system, superstructure, and substructure to the decay of the bridge structure gradually decreased. The model proposed in this paper is highly applicable and reliable. Theoretically, bridge decay prediction at regional and network-wide levels can be achieved if sufficient comprehensive bridge inspection data can be collected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global warming caused by carbon emissions has become increasingly prominent. As the world's second-largest economy, China is under enormous pressure to cut down its carbon dioxide emissions. It is urgent to seek effective methods to forecast carbon emissions and put forward the pointed and effective measures to reduce emissions. In this paper, we first use the software Eviews to make an analysis of randomness on data of carbon emissions in the four representative provinces and city, Beijing, Henan, Guangdong, and Zhejiang, in terms of their carbon emissions data from 1997 to 2017. Then, according to their distinct characteristics, the methods of stationary processing of the difference, moving average, and substituting strong impact points, respectively, are adopted to perform the data preprocessing. Then, model identification, parameter estimation, and model test are carried out to establish the model of ARIMA(p , d, q) for the prediction of the carbon emissions of the four regions, respectively. Finally, the model is used to forecast the data and analyze their tendency for their carbon emissions in the next three years. The results can provide guidance for decision-makers to set reasonable carbon emission reduction targets and take appropriate energy conservation and emission reduction measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regional agricultural drought vulnerability (RADV) is a complex nonlinear problem caused by the interaction of multiple factors, and an objective and systematic method is proposed by this paper to identify its influencing factors, which plays an important role in preventing and regulating the risks of regional agricultural drought. Firstly, to provide a reference for the evaluation problem in selecting the number of factors, the influencing factors affecting RADV are revealed by using the method of phase space reconstruction (PSR). Secondly, to rank the importance of influencing factors, a grey trend relational analysis (TGRA) method is proposed, considering the dynamic development relationship between the RADV index and the influencing factors and integrating the absolute and relative variation of sequences in each corresponding period. Finally, to reduce the collinearity between the influencing factors, a grey trend relational clustering (TGRC) analysis method is proposed. According to the above steps, the process of identifying factors based on PSR-TGRC method is formed. Taking Henan Province as an example, 14 main influencing factors and their effects on RADV are identified from all 42 factors, and the identification results which are consistent with the actual drought relief work show the rationality and practicality of PSR-TGRC method and provide theoretical support for formulating strategies of regional agricultural disaster prevention and mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protective layer mining, as a dominating method for preventing coal and gas outburst, is generally adopted in highly gassy coal mines. In the absence of a suitable thickness coal seam to serve as the protective layer, the rock-coal composite protective layer was proposed in this paper. We conducted a series of simulations and engineering measurements to investigate the protective effect under the mining of the rock-coal composite protective layer of the Zhongtai coal mine located in the Hebi area of Henan, China. The numerical simulation analysis showed that, after the completion of protective layer mining, the minimum vertical stress of the No. 2-1 coal seam had been reduced to 3.46 MPa. The maximum vertical displacement of the No. 2-1 coal seam is 455.01 mm. The maximum expansion deformation of the No. 2-1 coal seam is 9.77‰; the effective pressure relief range is as long as 160 m. The similarity simulation experiment revealed that, after the completion of protective layer mining, the minimum vertical stress of the No. 2-1 coal seam is 4.0 MPa. The maximum vertical displacement of the No. 2-1 coal seam is 640 mm. The maximum expansion deformation of the No. 2-1 coal seam is 26.37‰; the effective protection range reaches 130 m. The engineering measurements demonstrated that the variation law of gas drainage parameters in the protected layer corresponds to the protected layer's vertical stress distribution law in numerical simulation and similarity simulation. With the exploitation of the composite protective layer, the protective layer's pressure begins to release. The average gas drainage concentration is 2-3 times of that before the composite protective layer mining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The level of financial literacy of rural residents will affect their financial decisions and the financial well-being behind the decisions. This paper uses mediating effect and moderating effect to test the influence path of rural residents' subjective and objective financial literacy on their financial decision-making with survey data from Henan and Anhui provinces in China. The results show that subjective and objective financial literacy have positive effects on financial market participation. Subjective and objective financial literacy have negative direct effects on insurance market participation. Subjective financial literacy plays an incomplete mediating effect in the impact of objective financial literacy on financial market and insurance market participation. Objective financial literacy is adjusted by subjective financial literacy on financial market participation and insurance market participation. At the same time, we introduce financial technology penetration as a threshold variable in the model and find that the financial literacy has stronger impact on financial decision-making if the financial technology penetration is above the threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social networks provide a convenient place for people to interact; members in social networks may create new connections or break existing connections, driving the evolution of complex network structure. Dynamics in social networks, such as opinion formation and spreading dynamics, may result in complex collective phenomena. This paper conducts a survey on 495 students from six schools in Shaanxi, Henan, and Zhejiang provinces and discusses the impact of self-presentation on adolescent network altruistic behaviors, the intermediary role of social ability cognition, and the moderating role of privacy awareness. The results show the following: (1) Self-presentation in social networks can positively predict adolescent network altruistic behaviors. The positive prediction effect of network sharing is the largest, and the positive prediction effect of network support is the least. (2) Social ability cognition plays an intermediary role between self-presentation and adolescent network altruistic behaviors. (3) The moderating effect of privacy awareness is not significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the effect of regional urban ecological planning and ecological restoration, aiming at the problem of low accuracy of ecological planning and poor matching with the current situation, taking Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province as an example, an urban ecological planning model based on information entropy and meteorological suitability evaluation algorithm is designed. The geographical environment of Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province is analyzed. Based on the current situation of regional ecological environment, the meteorological suitability evaluation algorithm is introduced to establish the urban ecological planning model. Comprehensively considering land planning factors and meteorological factors, calculate the information entropy of each influencing factor, determine the weight, and optimize the ecological planning model. The experimental results show that this method has achieved good results in the accuracy of ecological planning and the matching degree of the current situation in the urban ecological planning of Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the clarification of property rights for agricultural land has the potential to enhance agricultural production efficiency and support its sustainable growth, this goal may not always be met in reality. As a result, the emphasis of this study is on the elements that affect agricultural output. It also examines how the stability of land rights affects agricultural production efficiency and, most importantly, how the heterogeneity of farmers' perspectives affects this process. Through the empirical test using the data of farmers in Henan Province, the largest wheat area in China, the results show that: (1) The farmland confirmation policy significantly promotes the improvement of the pure technical efficiency of agricultural production, a series of robustness tests, and the treatment of endogenous problems, which also confirmed the robustness of the results. (2) In the allocation of factors, agricultural investment and credit acquisition have been proved to be important influencing mechanisms, while labor and land transfer have not played a mechanistic role. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the self-service of farmers choosing to purchase agricultural machinery is more efficient than purchasing outsourcing services; The agricultural production of farmer households without hired workers has a significant technical efficiency, but the impact on farmer households with hired workers is not significant; for farmer households with agricultural insurance purchase behavior, purchase willingness, and planting and breeding advantages, the farmland ownership confirmation policy can play a more important role in promoting the pure technical efficiency of agricultural production; The promotion effect of the farmland right confirmation policy on the pure technical efficiency of agricultural output is strongest when there is a smaller level of farmers operating on a part-time basis and when more farmers prioritize profit maximization as the production goal. Corresponding policy recommendations are made at the conclusion of the study in light of the conclusions mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rock burst accident occurred on coalface 13230 of the Gengcun Coal Mine in Henan Province. Through a field investigation, theoretical analysis, and microseismic monitoring, we studied how the rock burst, which was caused by overall seam floor slip and instability, occurring under an ultrathick conglomerate. Because the overlying ultrathick conglomerate in the mined-out zone close to coalface 13230 had been inadequately mined, the leading section of the coalface was under a high level of stress. Combined with the tectonic stresses from the F16 faultage and the soft floor structure, these factors caused the floor of this coalface to trigger the overall slip-type rock burst. In this paper, an estimation model of the ultimate bearing capacity of a seam floor under an ultrathick conglomerate and the advancing abutment pressure on the coalface is presented. This model is used to show that the ultimate bearing capacity of the seam floor on coalface 13230 is 26.3 MPa, and the abutment pressure is far more than the floor bearing capacity. We also present pressure relief and reinforced supporting measures, which can effectively prevent floor slip-type rock bursts from occurring. The results of this study provide a reference for the prevention and control of floor slip-type rock bursts in coal mining under an ultrathick conglomerate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The degree of damage to heritage structures in arid areas can be particularly serious due to long-term exposure to a harsh arid climate. In this paper, the characteristics of evaporation and cracking of soil taken from heritage structures with different NaCl concentrations are experimentally investigated by subjecting saturated soil samples taken from the Wang-Jing tower in Weihui City, Henan Province. Making soil sample of water content of 110% is used to test the rate of evaporation at a constant temperature and humidity, through which the changes in the evaporation rate, water content, fracture development, and fracture fractal dimension are obtained. The results show that, (1) with higher water content, NaCl can affect the evaporation process by increasing the matrix suction of the soil of the Wang-Jing tower and then affect the cracking process of soil. When 0%, 1%, 2%, and 4% NaCl are added, the residual water content of the samples is 3.15%, 4.23%, 4.82%, and 5.89%, respectively, which show an obvious trend of increasing water content; (2) the period with a stable fracture fractal dimension of the samples is shortened with an increase in NaCl concentration, and its maximum fractal dimension is reduced in turn; and (3) at a lower water content, NaCl crystallizes and precipitates in the pores of the soil, which provide a cementitious effect among the soil particles, thus inhibiting crack development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates chronic diseases in the older population in the Chinese province of Henan and analyzes the rehabilitation needs and the current supply of related services in different levels of medical and elderly care institutions. We explore the fundamental causes for the diversified needs and insufficient supply of chronic disease patients in professional medical services and daily care. Using big data and deep learning (DL) in the sports domain, we propose a novel and intelligent prediction system for chronic diseases. Our model explores effective sinking methods of high-quality medical resources, training and guidance practices, assistance and guidance measures, and the ability to improve the grassroots services so that more chronically ill populations can stay in the community family as long as possible. In such an environment, they can receive cheap, safe, and suitable services. It can also lead to further improvement in constructing the government's regional medical rehabilitation care service system and can formulate long-term care relevant compensation policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the issues of reservoir blockage and sharp decline in fluid output of production wells in the polymer injection zone of the Henan oilfield, physical modeling has been used to study the blockage mechanism and blockage locations of the polymer-flooded reservoir based on oil reservoir characteristics and blockage knowledge. The results show that all the constant pressures in the low, moderate, and high permeability cores subjected to polymer injection and subsequent waterflooding were higher than the constant pressure during primary waterflooding; hence, polymer retention and blockage phenomena were obvious in the cores; in the high permeability core, the pore surface adsorbed more polymer molecules though pore throat radii were still much greater than the size of the polymer molecule, suggesting that polymer blockage is mainly caused by adsorption and retention. For the low permeability core, the specific surface area of the inlet end was much larger than that in the high permeability core, leading to more serious capture of polymer molecules at the small pores, indicating that blockage under polymer injection is mainly caused by capture and retention; for the lower permeability (91.81 mD) core, as compared with the case prior to polymer injection, the polymer-injected core had fewer large pores and throats, the mean pore throat radius decreased from 42.2 μm to 39.9 μm, and the mean throat-to-pore coordination number decreased from 3.36 to 3.19; thus, polymer capture and retention led to core blockage; the leftward shift of the curve corresponding to the porosity component, high porosity peak weakening after polymer injection, moderate and low porosity peaks appearing after polymer injection, and enhancement of lower porosity peaks indicate that, after polymer injection and subsequent waterflooding, polymer adsorption and capture led to blockage of some large pores; the highest pressure gradient, i.e., 6.3 MPa/m, was achieved at the P2-P3 segment; thus, the worst blockage occurred at the P2-P3 stage, or 1/8-1/4 of the sandpack length. In this paper, Nanbaxian oil and gas field, China, was taken as an example to investigate the interpretation method of gas saturation in a complex pore structure. The "four properties" relationship of the formation reservoir in the Nanbaxian oil and gas field was studied in depth according to the conventional logging data and core analysis data. The neural network algorithm was used to reconstruct the resistivity curve of the water layer to eliminate the influence of lithology, shale content, and pore structure on the resistivity. The difference between the reconstructed curve and the measured resistivity curve was used to identify the gas and water, and the ratio of the two was used to calculate the gas saturation, and good results were achieved. It was found that the sedimentary types of the Nanbaxian oil and gas field cause the reservoir to be thin, numerous, and dispersed; the lateral correlation is difficult. In addition, the structural features lead to the reservoir types being various in the vertical direction, which makes the identification of reservoir fluid more difficult. The results revealed that the rock compaction, poor physical properties, complex pore structure, high resistivity of surrounding rocks, and low formation water salinity make the water layer with high resistivity and difficult to identify gas and water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing number of trucks has a negative impact pertinent to efficiency and safety concerns on the operation of mixed traffic flow along freeways, especially at freeway entrance and exit ramps. To address such issue, this study proposes a simulation-based method for truck-prohibit ramp placement along freeways. The method framework contains two parts: the first part is to generate a set of new truck restriction schemes using simulation experiments, and the second part is to evaluate the generated schemes and find out the current optimal location of truck-prohibit ramps based upon the AHP-TOPSIS method. Three patterns of evaluation indicators are utilized to estimate the performance of freeway service in terms of traffic efficiency, road safety, and accessibility. A case study of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao freeway within Henan Province, China, is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results could provide beneficial insights on the optimal location setting of truck-prohibit ramps to enhance the entire performance of mixed traffic flow along freeways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important comorbidity of ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and worsens the prognosis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between clinical data, test results, surgical findings, and AKI in STEMI patients and to develop a simple, practical model for predicting the risk of AKI. Method. Prognostic prediction research with clinical risk score development was conducted. The data used for model development was derived from the database of the Henan Province Cardiovascular Disease Clinical Data and Sample Resource Bank Engineering Research Center. The data used for external validation was derived from the China Chest Pain Center database. The study endpoint was defined as the occurrence of AKI. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent predictors of AKI. Logistic coefficients of each predictor were used for score weighting and transformation. The predictive performance of the newly derived risk scores was validated, respectively, by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) regression in the development population and the external validation population. Result. A total of 364 patients, 57 (15.6%) with AKI and 307 (84.4%) without AKI, were included for score derivation. The validation crowd includes 88 STEMI patients in different institutions. A total of 11 potential predictors were explored under the multivariable logistic regression model. The new risk score was based on five final predictors which were age > 72 years , ejection fraction of no more than 40%, baseline serum creatinine > 102.7 mmol / L , red blood cell distribution width > 13.15 , and culprit lesion located in the middistal segment. With only five predictor variables, the score predicted the risk of AKI with the effective discriminative ability (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC): 0.721, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.652-0.790). In the external validation, the newly developed score confirmed a similar discrimination as the crowd used for derivation (AuROC: 0.731, 95% CI: 0.624-0.838). Conclusion. The newly developed score was proved to have good predictive performance and could be practically applied for risk stratification of AKI in STEMI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose is to conform to the development of the times and study a new way of urban community network governance. First, the ways of governance, social governance, urban community governance, and urban community network governance are discussed. Next, the intelligent sensor function of Internet of things (IoT) technology is applied to realize the communication between IoT and urban community network governance. An urban community network governance system based on an intelligent sensor network is established. The system combines Kalman filtering to realize the dynamic monitoring of the mobile Application (APP) of the urban community residents and can update and process the collected information in real time. Finally, a survey is conducted on the satisfaction of residents of a community in Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, in 2019 on community network governance under the IoT. The efficiency and ability of urban community network governance under different network modes are compared and analyzed. The results show that the community has improved the needs of community residents through IoT network governance in multiple aspects, but the community service level of culture is not high. The community needs to strengthen the network publicity of community culture to improve the cultural level of the community. Meanwhile, in urban community governance, the comprehensive governance ability of the network governance model under network organization management is the highest, with an average of 50.93%. It shows that the established system is beneficial to the construction of urban community network governance. This exploration provides the direction for the IoT urban community network governance and constructs the urban community network governance system based on the intelligent sensor network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to better discuss the influence of pore structure characteristics of primary coal on coalbed methane adsorption, suburban coal and Zhaozhuang coal in Henan Province were systematically sampled. The analysis method of pore structure characteristics of primary coal is divided into shooting research and experimental analysis. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to analyze the formation reason of coal micropores, pore shape, pore connectivity, pore size, and filling effect on coalbed methane adsorption. Experimental analysis is mainly based on CO2 adsorption experiments to obtain specific surface, pore volume, and distribution of coal samples. The pore-specific surface area, pore volume, and adsorption-desorption curve of coal samples were obtained by ultralow-temperature N2 adsorption experiment. Finally, the influence of pore structure characteristics of primary tectonic coal on coalbed methane adsorption was discussed by fusion of phase study and experimental analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sustainable growth of grain outputs mainly relies on improving output per unit area through scientific and technological innovation. From the perspective of scientific and technological innovation, taking the grain production process as the research object, a systems model of scientific and technological innovation in grain production is constructed based on the relevant data of Henan Province from 2010 to 2019. Firstly, the internal mechanism of grain production scientific and technological innovation is explored, and the feedback loop of grain production scientific and technological innovation is then established. Secondly, system dynamics and grey system theory are combined to construct table functions and logistic functions to establish the grain production scientific and technological innovation system model. Through testing the model, the stability and feasibility of the model are demonstrated, and the simulation and prediction of the innovation system of grain production scientific and technological in Henan Province are carried out. Thirdly, in order to explore the impact of feasible policy schemes on grain production, seven policy plans are designed to simulate grain production policy scenarios from the perspective of scientific and technological innovation. The results show that: (1) The adjustment of individual policies, especially the adjustment of the protection policy of scientific and technological innovation in grain production or the subsidy policy of agricultural materials, has a weak influence on the improvement of grain output. The progress of agricultural technology is the main support for improving the comprehensive grain production capacity. (2) The future grain growth potential of Henan Province should focus on increasing the yield per unit area, and the protection of cultivated land resources should not be ignored. (3) The combination of policies has mutually reinforcing effect, which leads to an ideal system simulation effect. Finally, from the perspective of the composition of scientific and technological innovation system in Henan Province, this study puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of the strategy of "storing grain in technology" in Henan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative design is an important link in building construction at present, while the communication and cooperation among disciplines need further regulation. In order to maintain the cost-effectiveness and design quality of building engineering in the competitive environment and obtain higher economic benefits, the design team must ensure the collaborative design quality of building engineering. Based on the analysis of collaboration theory and collaboration mechanism, a collaborative design platform for caves in Henan province is constructed under the current cloud environment. In addition, the requirements and nonfunctional requirements of the platform are analyzed, and the overall structure with each part is designed specifically, hoping to improve the quality of collaborative design effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emergency management of coal mines requires enhanced synergy among departments, institutions, and enterprises, which means overall efficiency in management. In this study, a regional coal mine emergency (CME) management synergy system was established; the synergy theory was adopted to construct the order parameter index system of the regional CME management synergy subsystems. Moreover, the order degrees and synergistic degrees of the regional CME management synergy subsystems in Henan Province, China, in the period 2015-2019 were quantitatively measured and analyzed using the composite system synergy model. The results show that the order degrees of regional CME management synergy subsystems and the synergistic degree of the composite system increase overall during the inspection period. With the gradual formation of the regional CME management synergy mechanism, this period has witnessed a steady improvement in both the synergy value and the considerable synergistic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to quickly evaluate the quality of Tremella fuciformis, the volatile components of T. fuciformis from 4 provinces in China, including Hebei, Henan, Fujian, and Sichuan, were analyzed by electronic nose combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the key aroma compounds were determined by relative odor activity value (ROAV). The results showed that the electronic nose combined with the principal component analysis method could distinguish the samples from four regions with good discrimination. At least 117 volatile components were detected in T. fuciformis by GC-MS and a total of 58, 59, 62, and 55 volatile components were identified from Hebei, Henan, Fujian, and Sichuan, respectively, of which there were 18 common components. The volatile components in T. fuciformis were mainly hydrocarbons, followed by aldehydes, acids, and esters, while acetic acid and hexanal were relatively rich in T. fuciformis. Based on the ROAV, 8 key components affecting the aroma of T. fuciformis strongly were found. Among them, hexanal, nonanal, and pentanal were the common components of T. fuciformis, while butyrolactone, 1-octen-3-ol, and 2-carene were the unique key aroma components of T. fuciformis in Hebei Province. Besides, octanal and butyrolactone were the special key components absent in the Sichuan and Henan samples, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the inaccurate description of the failure level in the traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method, the research uses the fuzzy evidence reasoning theory to improve the traditional failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) method. Based on the subjective weight determined by the analytic hierarchy process and the objective weight determined by the gray correlation degree method, we get the combined weight of risk factors through the principle of minimum discrimination information. Combined with the technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS), an improved risk sequence number (IRPN) method was proposed to diagnose the key risk sources. In the case study on a canal section of the Central Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion in Henan, the key risk factors for the operation safety of the project are identified as rainstorm and flood, geological conditions, geological disasters, and design safety coefficient, and the corresponding prevention measures are put forward to provide help for the safe operation of the Central Route Project of South-to-North Water Diversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To explore the current situation and influencing factors of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) nursing clinic in Henan Province. A self-made questionnaire was made and entered into the questionnaire star. In August 2020, through "the snowball sampling method," the nursing branch of Henan Society of Traditional Chinese Medicine was used to calculate the sample size that would be further used for this study. Results. Of the 370 medical institutions in 17 district-level cities in our province, 47 have set up TCM nursing clinics, accounting for 12.70%. From the perspective of regional distribution, there are 14 TCM nursing clinics in Zhengzhou, 8 in Luoyang, 6 in Kaifeng, 4 in Shangqiu, 3 in Jiyuan, and 3 in Zhoukou. The number of TCM nursing clinics in Jiaozuo City, Xinxiang City, Anyang City, Hebi City, Puyang City, Zhumadian City, and Nanyang City is relatively small, and there are no TCM nursing clinics in Pingdingshan City, Sanmenxia City, and Xinyang City. Among the 47 medical institutions offering TCM nursing clinics, there are 38 TCM hospitals, 5 integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine hospitals, 3 Western medicine hospitals, and 1 ethnic medicine hospital. Among them, 31 medical institutions are tertiary care hospitals and 16 are secondary care hospitals. First-class and undetermined medical institutions do not set up TCM nursing clinics. (1) Management mode: among the 47 medical institutions, 26 medical institutions have separate nursing units, which are managed by the nursing department head nurse, and 13 medical institutions are managed by the director head nurse of the department. (2) Performance management: of the 47 medical institutions that set up TCM nursing clinics, 18 adopted independent accounting, 21 adopted secondary distribution of departmental performance, and 7 adopted average awards and other methods. (3) The process of seeing a doctor: there are three kinds of medical procedures: 124 medical institutions are treated by TCM nursing outpatients by hanging the consultation number of doctors in various departments. 210 medical institutions are treated by traditional Chinese medicine nursing outpatient nurses by hanging the consultation number of traditional Chinese medicine nursing outpatient doctors. Thirty-five medical institutions are retreated by hanging the number of nurses in the nursing clinic of TCM. (4) Allocation of human resources: in the survey of the total number of nurses in TCM nursing clinics in 74 medical institutions, the largest number of nurses was 46 in one of the TCM nursing clinics. In terms of personnel qualification requirements, 43 medical institutions put forward requirements for nurses' qualifications. Among them, 39 medical institutions have requirements for nurses' professional titles, 38 medical institutions have requirements for nurses working years, and 22 medical institutions have more specific requirements for nurses. For example, nurses are required to be the backbone of TCM nursing that includes specialist nurses, nurses who graduated from TCM colleges, and nurses who have obtained hospital assessment and certification. In terms of working years, 87.96% of medical institutions require nursing service of more than 5 years. The average number of TCM nursing technical projects offered by 47 medical institutions is about 10, a maximum of 34 and a minimum of 1. The commonly carried out TCM nursing techniques include scraping, auricular point pressing, cupping, moxibustion, and ear tip bloodletting, and among all of them, scraping technology is most important and 40 medical institutions offer this technology, followed by auricular point pressing technique, cupping, and moxibustion. Conclusion. The construction of TCM nursing clinics in Henan Province has initially formed a scale, and all kinds of medical institutions at all levels should further strengthen the construction of TCM nursing clinics in all other provinces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Xiong'er Group is mainly distributed in western Henan, southern Shanxi, and southeastern Shaanxi. As a set of low-grade metamorphic and low-deformation volcanic rocks formed in the transition period during the tectonic evolution of the North China Craton in the Precambrian, the tectonic and magmatic evolution information of this period are well recorded. The accurate isotopic dating of the Xiong'er Group has great significance to the study of the stratigraphic division and formation of volcanic rocks in the Xiong'er Group and the improved cognition of regional tectonic magmatism. In this study, through the SHRIMP (sensitive high-resolution ion microprobe) zircon uranium-lead (U-Pb) isotope dating of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group in the Xiong'er Mountain, the research results showed that the age data were separated into two intervals, the magmatic zircon ages from 1836 to 1711 Ma and the inherited zircon ages from 2415 ± 19 to 2193 ± 34 Ma. The isotopic age of magmatic zircon was considered to represent the formation age of the Jidanping Formation in the Xiong'er Mountain, and the isotopic ages of the inherited zircons were consistent with the formation ages of the Taihua Group supracrustal rocks in the lower Xiong'er Group. Combined with previous studies on isotope and rock geochemistry of volcanic rocks in the Xiong'er Group, it was believed that the formation ages of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group are between 1874 and 1618 Ma, among the ages of the Xushan Formation, Jidanping Formation, and Majiahe Formation, which were concentrated between 1874 and 1800 Ma, 1836 and 1711 Ma, and 1780 and 1618 Ma, respectively. The age of inherited zircon in the volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group indicated that the formation of the volcanic rocks of the Xiong'er Group had the addition of stratigraphic materials from the Taihua Group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Commutation failure (CF) is an inherent drawback of line-commutated converter high-voltage DC (LCC-HVDC) system. And CF prevention (CFPREV) control is widely applied in UHVDC lines to mitigate the subsequent CF. However, the formation of a multi-infeed UHVDC system induces power exchange and voltage interaction between AC buses during the transient process, making the behaviors and mitigation of CFs more complex. Consequently, exploring the impact of CFPREV control on adjacent stations and optimizing the CFPREV control to adapt to the interaction characteristics in a multi-infeed system is necessary. Considering the interaction characteristics, the impact of CFPREV control on the commutation process of inverters in a multi-infeed system is analyzed through formula derivation and simulation verification. It is found that although CFPREV control can effectively mitigate the CFs of the inverter near the fault, it will further increase the risk of concurrent CF (CCF) of remote inverters due to the interaction on the AC side. To solve this problem, a coordinated control scheme of CFPREV controls in a multi-infeed UHVDC system is proposed. The output of the CFPREV control of the inverter near the fault can be adjusted adaptively according to the commutation margins of remote inverters. And the probability of CCF caused by CFPREV control is consequently decreased. Case studies are conducted based on Henan provincial multi-infeed UHVDC system in China to verify the analysis result and the effectiveness of the coordinated control scheme of CFPREV controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reasonably evaluate and predict the loss of rainstorm and flood disaster, this study is based on the rainfall data and rainstorm and flood disaster data of 18 cities in Henan Province from 2010 to 2020, using GIS technology and weighted comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the risk of rainstorm and flood disaster factors in various regions. The four risk factors of hazard risk, hazard-pregnant environment sensitivity, hazard-bearing body vulnerability, and disaster resilience were analyzed in compartment analysis. At the same time, a new rainstorm and flood disaster prediction model was constructed in combination with the hybrid PSO-SVR algorithm. The research results show that there are many rivers in Henan Province, the terrain tends to be higher in the west and lower in the east, and most areas are low plains, making most cities in Henan Province at a moderate risk level. For the more developed cities such as Zhengzhou, Luoyang, and Nanyang, the hazard risk, sensitivity, vulnerability, and disaster resistance are high, and they are prone to heavy rains and floods. For the economically underdeveloped, the terrain is high or hills, such as Sanmenxia City; Xinyang City and other places have low hazard risk and are not prone to rainstorms and floods. By constructing a hybrid PSO-SVR model, selecting two representative cities of Zhengzhou and Luoyang, and predicting the daily rainfall, the number of disasters, and the direct economic loss, the calculated RMSE and MAPE values are both less than GA-SVR, the traditional SVR, and BPNN models, which have verified the superiority of the model proposed in this study and the practical value it brings. To further verify the prediction accuracy of the hybrid model, the average value of RMSE and MAPE of other 16 cities are calculated, and the result is still smaller than other three models, and the study can provide some decision-making references for the urban rainstorm and flood management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinforcement with grout as an environmentally friendly technology has played a key role in underground coal mining. The risk of the water inrush into coal mines can all be reduced by grouting. A model that integrates a geographic information system (GIS), distribution of quantity of grouting injected, and water inflow correlation method is proposed here to evaluate the effects of grouted reinforcement in coal mining. The temporal and spatial characteristics of the volume of grout injected and water yield of aquifers are analyzed by using the GIS, and the rate of filling of cement slurry and its distribution characteristics are determined. The effects of grouting on the aquifers which has been carried out to reduce their permeability are determined by comparing the spatial temporal variations in the volume of the grout injected, water yield, and rate of filling of the cement slurry. The method was applied in a case study in a coalmine in Henan province, China, in which the risk of the water inrush from karst aquifers has been reduced by grouting. There are three limestone aquifers, namely, L8, L10, and L11 which underlie an exploitable coal seam. The result indicates that most of the cement slurry is consumed when the water yield is 20 to 30 m3/h; and that there are minimal changes of the electrical properties of the rock stratum under coal seam when the water yield of L11 is low within the range of 40 m. The resistivity of the aquifers before and after grouting and their spatial characteristics are tested by using the transient electromagnetic method (TEM), and this shows that there are no areas with low resistivity. The electrical properties of the strata at a depth that ranges from 40–80 m with transverse homogeneity show that Aquifers L10 and L11 have been transformed into aquicludes. The reinforcement effect of aquifers with grout is good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rainfall is a complexity dynamics process. In this paper, our objective is to find the evidence of self-organized criticality (SOC) for rain datasets in China by employing the theory and method of SOC. For this reason, we analyzed the long-term rain records of five meteorological stations in Henan, a central province of China. Three concepts, that is, rain duration, drought duration, accumulated rain amount, are proposed to characterize these rain events processes. We investigate their dynamics property by using scale invariant and found that the long-term rain processes in central China indeed exhibit the feature of self-organized criticality. The proposed theory and method may be suitable to analyze other datasets from different climate zones in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drilling of large-diameter boreholes is regarded as an effective measure for rockburst prevention. By investigating the morphological characteristic and evolution of plastic zone in borehole surrounding rock, the pressure-relief mechanism of large-diameter borehole was ascertained, and the engineering application of large-diameter boreholes was assessed in the 13230 working face of Gengcun Coal Mine, Henan Province, China. The results showed that (1) the plastic zone in surrounding rock of borehole appear as circular, elliptical, and butterfly shapes, in which the maximum size of the butterfly wings of the plastic zone is several times larger than the borehole diameter; (2) under certain stress conditions, multiple large-diameter boreholes distributed in coal seam with rockburst risk lead to the generation and coalescence of large-range butterfly-shape plastic zone. They reduce the stress concentration and capacity for storing elastic energy of coal seam, thus reducing the rockburst risk of the coal seam; (3) large-diameter boreholes significantly decrease the stress concentration in front of the 13230 working face and improve the stress environment in the head entry, promoting the safe mining of the working face. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an extra-thick hard roof is a significant contributing factor to frequently induced sudden roof collapse accidents and coal bursts, this study investigates the relationship between extra-thick hard roof movement and mining-induced stress using physical experiments and numerical simulation methods based on mining activities in a longwall panel in the Yima mining area, Henan province, China. The results suggested that the movement and failure processes of the extra-thick roof could be divided into three main periods: the undisturbed, movement stabilization, and sudden collapse periods. The roof displacement remained essentially unchanged during the undisturbed period. During the movement stabilization period, the displacement gradually increased into the upper roof. However, the extra-thick main roof remained undisturbed until the immediate roof experienced its fourth periodic caving in the physical model. Consequently, the displacement expanded rapidly into the extra-thick main roof during the sudden collapse period and the strain energy was violently released when it accumulated in the extra-thick main roof. Additionally, the mining-induced stress was characterized by a sudden decrease in the gradual increase trend when the extra-thick roof instantly collapsed. The deformation and fracture of the extra-thick roof could cause a sudden decrease in the mining-induced stress and lead to continuous and unstable subsidence pressure exerted on the mining panel and roadway. This significantly contributes to the occurrence of coal bursts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essence of both rockburst and coal and gas outburst lies in fast energy release. In order to explore the energy action mechanism of coal and gas outburst induced by rockburst in rockburst and coal and gas outburst combined mines, the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) experimental device was firstly used to conduct uniaxial impact failure test of coal specimens prone to outburst under different strain rates, and their energy dissipation laws under impact loading were obtained. Next, under the engineering background of coal and gas dynamic phenomena induced by rockburst with different intensities in Xinyi Coal Mine and Pingdingshan Coal Group No. 12 Colliery in Henan Province and Dingji Coal Mine of Huainan Mining Group in Anhui Province, experimental study results were combined with numerical simulation analysis to discuss the energy mechanism of coal and gas outburst induced by rockburst. The study results show that the outburst can be divided into two different processes—critical outburst and outburst—according to the evolution law of outburst energy, and the critical energy conditions for coal and gas outburst are proposed. The minimum destructive energy range for the critical outburst of coal mass is obtained as (5–10) × 104 J/m3. Under some low gas, high stress, or strong disturbance conditions, applied loads can become the main energy sources causing critical failure and even crushing and throwing of coal mass. The coal mass will present an interval splitting structure under dynamic loading, which is obviously different from the failure mode of coal mass under static actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gas explosion, which is the main type of accidents reported in coal mines, comes with serious economic and safety consequences. The present work adopts the "glass heart" model for assessing the vulnerability of coal mines to gas explosions based on a constructed gas explosion vulnerability assessment index system. The proposed index system is applied to a coal mine in Henan Province, China, as an example. The original disturbance index is augmented by including the energy release index factor. The Delphi method is employed by six experts to score the index factors according to a scoring standard. Data analysis and processing yield a gas explosion vulnerability score of 0.431 for the example mine. Accordingly, the mine is classified as grade II, indicating that the mine is likely to result in casualties and/or property loss. A comparison of the assessment results with those obtained via an analysis of records pertaining to previous gas explosion accidents indicates that the proposed assessment of gas explosion vulnerability by means of the "glass heart" assessment model is realistic. The "glass heart" vulnerability assessment method offers a new perspective and methodology for assessing the vulnerability of coal mines to gas explosion and conducting coal mine risk classification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methane adsorption isotherm experiments on semianthracite (2.00-2.33% R o , max ) collected from the Xin'an coal mine, Henan Province, China, were conducted to investigate the effects of pore structure, coal quality, coal maceral, and coal rank on methane adsorption capacity with applications of univariate and multivariate analyses. Methane adsorption capacity varies significantly from 12.03 to 28.40 cm3/g. In univariate analysis, methane adsorption capacity has a strong positive correlation with pore specific surface area, weak positive correlations with pore volume and ash content, and weak negative correlations with moisture content and inertinite content. No correlation is observed between methane adsorption capacity and coal rank. In multivariate analysis, the mathematical model of methane adsorption capacity affected by the combined individual variables is established based on quantification theory I. There are similarities and differences between the two analyses. The similarities are that pore specific surface area has the greatest contribution to methane adsorption capacity, while coal rank has the least contribution. The differences are reflected in two aspects. Firstly, the other influencing factors contribute differently to methane adsorption capacity. Secondly, the positive or negative correlations of some influencing factors present the opposite. The mathematic model synthetically covers the combined effects of the influencing factors, which is more representative in evaluating methane adsorption capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large-scale proliferation of China's new type of agricultural entities has given rise to a higher demand for funds. Farmers have insufficient effective collateral, which makes it difficult for them to obtain sufficient loans. Chinese financial institutions have developed a biological asset mortgage loan business to cope with this situation. China has not considered biological mortgages but has been using real estate and asset mortgage models with strong realizability. This innovative financial business has achieved positive results since it was attempted, but it also faces many risks. It is very important to comprehensively and accurately consider the risk factors of biological asset mortgage loans. Based on 1249 production and operation data samples of new agricultural entities in Zhejiang, Henan, and Shandong provinces, this study constructs an XGBoost model for empirical analysis and compares it with logical regression, support vector machine, and random forest algorithms to obtain the optimal model and feature importance value. According to the characteristic importance value, a biological asset mortgage loan risk assessment system with 4 primary indicators and 20 secondary indicators is established, which can effectively identify the biological asset mortgage loan risk of new agricultural entities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The scientific and effective prediction of the water consumption of construction engineering is of great significance to the management of construction costs. To address the large water consumption and high uncertainty of water demand in project construction, a prediction model based on the back propagation (BP) neural network improved by particle swarm optimization (PSO) was proposed in the present work. To reduce the complexity of redundant input variables, this model determined the main influencing factors of water demand by grey relational analysis. The BP neural network optimized by PSO was used to obtain the predicted value of the output interval, which effectively solved the shortcomings of the BP neural network model, including its slow convergence speed and easy to fall into local optimum problems. In addition, the water consumption interval data of the Taiyangchen Project located in Xinyang, Henan Province, China, were simulated. According to the results of the case study, there were four main factors that affected the construction water consumption of the Taiyangchen Project, namely, the intraday amount of pouring concrete, the intraday weather, the number of workers, and the intraday amount of wood used. The predicted data were basically consistent with the actual data, the relative error was less than 5%, and the average error was only 2.66%. However, the errors of the BP neural network model, the BP neural network improved by genetic algorithm, and the pluralistic return were larger. Three conventional error analysis tools in machine learning (the coefficient of determination, the root mean squared error, and the mean absolute error) also highlight the feasibility and advancement of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing runway residual life prediction models need to be modified using the historical data of evaluated airports during evaluation and management for civil airports in China. If the data measured in the field and the historical data used for model calibration do not represent the actual historical performance of the evaluated airport, the predicted performance of the revised model might be poor. This study used measured pavement performance data for local civil airports in Henan Province from 2007 to 2017. The joint-estimation method was used to establish a functional residual life prediction model for local civil airport pavement with another dataset. A functional residual life prediction model for airport pavement was proposed in consideration of the influence of aircraft traffic and the thickness of the pavement surface layer. Taking into account the differences between samples in the two datasets, nonlinear regression with random-effect analysis and joint estimation were used to explain unobserved heterogeneity at the sample level and heteroscedasticity in the dataset. Based on the results of the established residual life prediction model, the marginal effect of the model parameters and the prediction performance of the entire model were analyzed with the measured data from the local airport pavement. Finally, the engineering applicability of the calibrated prediction model for pavement residual life was further evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Continuous rain disasters occur frequently, which seriously affect maize yield. However, the research on predicting continuous rain disasters is very limited. Taking the maize in Henan Province as an example, the Markov model is used to predict the occurrence of continuous rain in the middle growth and late growth stages (flowering and filling stages) of 13 cities in Henan Province. The results showed that the maize in Henan Province would suffer from continuous rain disaster in 2020 and 2021. Finally, combined with the prediction results, policy recommendations for maize growth in Henan Province are proposed to ensure stable and high yield of maize. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Longmendian Ag–Pb–Zn deposit is located in the southern margin of the North China Craton, and the mineralization occurs mainly in quartz veins, altered gneissic wallrocks, and minor fault breccias in the Taihua Group. Based on vein crosscutting relations, mineral assemblages, and paragenesis, the mineralization can be divided into three stages: (1) quartz–pyrite, (2) quartz–polymetallic sulfides, and (3) quartz–carbonate–polymetallic sulfides. Wallrock alteration can be divided into three zones, i.e., chlorite–sericite, quartz–carbonate–sericite, and silicate. Fluid inclusions in all Stage 1 to 3 quartz are dominated by vapor-liquid two-phase aqueous type (W-type). Petrographic and microthermometric analyses of the fluid inclusions indicate that the homogenization temperatures of Stages 1, 2, and 3 are 198–332°C, 132–260°C, and 97–166°C, with salinities of 4.0–13.3, 1.1–13.1, and 1.9–7.6 wt% NaCleqv, respectively. The vapor comprises primarily H2O, with some CO2, H2, CO, N2, and CH4. The liquid phase contains Ca2+, Na+, K+, SO42−, Cl−, and F−. The sulfides have δ 34 S = – 1.42 to +2.35‰ and 208 Pb / 204 Pb = 37.771 to 38.795, 207 Pb / 204 Pb = 15.388 to 15.686, and 206 Pb / 204 Pb = 17.660 to 18.101. The H–C–O–S–Pb isotope compositions indicate that the ore-forming materials may have been derived from the Taihua Group and the granitic magma. The fluid boiling and cooling and mixing with meteoric water may have been critical for the Ag–Pb–Zn ore precipitation. Geological and geochemical characteristics of the Longmendian deposit indicate that the deposit is best classified as medium- to low-temperature intermediate-sulfidation (LS/IS) epithermal-type, related to Cretaceous crustal-extension-related granitic magmatism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to reveal the occurrence mechanism of coal and gas outburst and optimize the measures to prevent the disaster, a coal mine in Henan Province was undertaken as the research background. Based on the geological and mining conditions of the coal mine, the gas geological analysis method is applied to determine the outburst occurrence and to classify the risk levels. A multifactor pattern recognition method is used to determine the risk probability of the dynamic disasters such as coal and gas outburst. The relationship between geological structure, rock mass stress, and mine dynamic hazards is determined using geo-dynamic division method and FLAC3D numerical simulation. The occurrence and manifestation characteristics of the dynamic hazards are determined. COMSOL Multiphysics software is used to evaluate the original prevention measures and to optimize the measures. The research results determine the main influencing factors and regional distribution law of coal and gas outburst, which is of great significance to the risk prediction and prevention of dynamic disasters such as coal and gas outburst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]