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Background: Self‐employment represents a new work opportunity for new nursing graduates; however, little is known about nursing students' Intention to meet this new demand from the labour market. Aims: To develop a theory‐driven questionnaire to assess students' Intentions for self‐employment and psychometrically test this scale. Method: A cross‐sectional study was conducted investigating 344 nursing students in their final year in an Italian university. The content, face, construct, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability were evaluated. We also tested the theory of planned behaviour. Results: The Planned Self‐Employment Scale demonstrated satisfactory validity and good reliability. A moderate Intention to be self‐employed emerged among nurses (3.6 ± 1.5 out of 7). This level of Intention was predicted by the Attitudes and Perceived Behaviour Control dimensions. Conclusion: The Planned Self‐Employment Scale exhibited good validity and reliability and can thus be used with nursing students. Implications for Nursing Management: Educators need to design a curriculum to improve students' decision‐making and autonomy. At the central level, there is a need to produce guidelines that offer guidance to both nurses and patients, as well as the system as a whole with regard to this new form of nursing service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To describe and synthesise previous research on factors conditioning the spontaneous reporting of adverse drug reactions among nurses. Background Spontaneous reports of adverse drug reactions by health-care providers, are a main instrument for the continuous evaluation of the risk-benefit ratio of every drug. Under-reporting of adverse drug reactions by all health-care providers, in particular by nurses, is a major limitation to this system. Evaluation An integrated review of the literature was conducted using MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus databases and Google Scholar. After evaluation for appropriateness related to inclusion/exclusion criteria, 16 studies were included in the final analysis and synthesis. Key Issues Two factors emerged from the study: (1) intrinsic factors related to nurses' knowledge and attitudes; (2) extrinsic factors related to nurses' interaction with health-care organisations and to the relationship between nurses and physicians. Nurses' attitudes that hinder reporting include ignorance, insecurity, fear and lethargy. Conclusions Nurses are not fully aware of their role in adverse drug reaction reporting. Nurses must acquire greater knowledge to implement specific skills into their daily clinical practice. Implications for Nursing Management To improve nurses' reporting of adverse drug reactions, it is necessary to develop management approaches that modify both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically test a questionnaire assessing patients' perception of protective isolation following haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The conceptual framework for developing the questionnaire was a three‐dimensional model that emerged from a metasynthesis: isolation‐related suffering, relationship with oneself and relationship with others. Item selection was performed through a focus group, comparison with the findings of two phenomenological studies, and content validity with 22 experts. Cognitive interviews with five patients were used to verify face validity. A validation study was conducted in 10 Italian centres, all members of the Italian Group of stem cell transplant (GITMO). Patients completed the questionnaires between 7 and 9 days post‐transplant. Dimensionality was tested through exploratory factor analysis (EFA). A total of 17 items yielded a content validity index (CVI) of 0.88. Participants included 186 adult patients receiving autologous (48%) or allogeneic (52%) HSCT in protective isolation. The EFA yielded a three‐factor solution, explaining 55% of the variance. The scale showed adequate psychometric properties, with the exception of three items, which were eliminated. Future studies should test the psychometric properties of the questionnaire through confirmatory factor analysis and verify its transcultural validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]