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In the era of staggering speed in development of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), we have reviewed the dermatologists' tools at hand for their utility (and potential risks) in patients affected by COVID‐19. This review aims to shed light on the antiviral and proviral potential of drugs routinely used in dermatology to modulate COVID‐19. The literature search included peer‐reviewed articles published in the English language (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) from January 1990 to March 2020 and by reference lists of respective articles. Somewhat to our surprise, we have found that several of our drugs widely used in dermatology have antiviral potential. On the other hand, we also frequently use immunosuppressive drugs in our dermatologic patients that potentially pose them at increased risk for COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Angiosarcomas (ASs) are aggressive tumors of vascular endothelial origin, occurring sporadically or in association with prior radiotherapy or chronic lymphedema. With only 1–5% of all sarcomas, the incidence seems low, but for the affected patient due to the extremely poor prognosis and the limited treatment options, the fate is often inevitable. Radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or "target therapy" have been used in the management of AS, but represent individual case decisions without lasting evidence. Over the past few years, breast‐conserving surgery followed by radiation therapy, known as breast‐conserving therapy (BCT), is being employed as a standard treatment for early‐stage breast cancer, but there has been an increase in reports of AS following BCT. We report two cases of AS following BCT and one case of primary AS involving the lower limb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by painful recurrent inflammatory nodules, leading to the formation of abscesses and scarring. In this article, we aim to review the psychiatric comorbidities in HS patients. It is estimated that one in four adults with HS suffers from depression and one out of five patients HS patients has anxiety. Bipolar disorders, psychoses, schizophrenia, and suicide are more common in HS patients than healthy individuals. Given the high rates of psychiatric comorbidities in HS patients, a psychosocial evaluation at an early visit could be a great tool for monitoring patients experiencing emotional burden. Referrals to psychiatric specialists, psychologists, and behavioral counselors are a part of a multidisciplinary approach recommended for the management of HS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dear Editor, Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a malignant tumor of the skin, which effects elder individuals. Carcinoma erysipeloides (CE) is an uncommon form of metastasis in which malignant cells spread to skin via superficial dermal lymphatic vessels. MCC is regarded as the most lethal cutaneous cancer and the incidence and mortality of this highly metastatic tumor is increasing (Czech-Sioli et al. [2]). [Extracted from the article]

Comment on "Cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19: A case report and a new finding from Egypt" We read with interest the case report by Farouk and Sadek published recently in I Dermatologic Therapy i .1 The authors reported an Egyptian health care professional with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), presented with a progressive pruritic, polymorphic eruption: erythematous, morbilliform, and urticarial. Recently, Jimenez-Cauhe et al4 studied 21 patients with COVID-19 for possible enanthem to distinguish viral-related rash from confusing drug reactions. [Extracted from the article]

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, in late 2019 and soon attained the status of a pandemic in early 2020. This pandemic has altered every aspect of patient care, comprising both indoor and outdoor patients. Many patients with skin cancer are already immunosuppressed, thus increasing their susceptibility to various infections including COVID-19. [Extracted from the article]

Dermatology and specialty rotations: COVID-19 may reemphasize the importance of internal medicine Since the first case was identified in Wuhan, China in November 2019, the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) has spread worldwide and affected almost all parts of the globe with unprecedented epidemiological, psychosocial, political, financial, and educational repercussions.1-3 In dire times like this, other specialists including dermatologists have stepped up and volunteered their services to help ease the burden and share the medical workload. In brief, internal medicine rotations should be made mandatory for dermatologists as this foundation may of use not only for our professional routine but also for exceptional healthcare crisis such as COVID-19. [Extracted from the article]

Since the emergence of the new coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) pandemic, there has been a concern for the patients with chronic autoimmune diseases including dermatological conditions over the potential exacerbation of these underlying conditions after infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV2). We performed a systematic review to evaluate presentations, postinfection change in the manifestation, diagnosis, and management of flare‐ups of underlying dermatologic disease in patients with COVID‐19. A total of 17 articles were recovered reporting on flare‐ups of dermatological disease including pemphigus vulgaris, psoriasis, subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus, acrodermatitis continua of Hallopeau, systemic sclerosis sine scleroderma, and Sézary syndrome (SS). Out of these, psoriasis and alopecia areata were the most common conditions. However, most cases of psoriasis could have been attributed to either antimalarial agents that were initially used for the treatment of COVID‐19 or discontinuation of treatment following SARS‐CoV2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital triangular alopecia (CTA) is a benign noncicatricial localized pattern of hair loss with unknown etiology. Although referred to as "congenital," CTA may develop in adulthood. It is believed that many cases of CTA are never diagnosed or are misdiagnosed; causing the incidence to be underestimated. The present study evaluates a case of 20‐year‐old woman presenting with a single circular to oval area of hair‐loss in the mid‐frontal region of her scalp. To date, about 170 cases of CTA have been reported and we present the first case in which the alopecic patch is located in the mid‐frontal region of the scalp. We present this case not only to challenge the preconceived notion that all CTAs are frontotemporal, but also to inform other practitioners about this rare condition and prevent redundant medical treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to evaluate efficacy of add on methotrexate in chronic urticaria. "PubMed" and "Google Scholar" were systematically searched to identify randomized clinical trials with methotrexate in patients with chronic urticaria not responding to second generation antihistamines. Odds ratios and 95% confidence interval were calculated for estimation of efficacy. Heterogeneity among studies was tested using Tau squared (τ2) and I2. Two RCTs (n = 104) were included. For primary outcome that is, complete remission at 18 weeks in Leducq et al study and patients achieving more than two third reduction in wheal score that is, one of the primary outcomes in Sharma et al study there was no significant difference in methotrexate vs placebo (OR [95%CI] 1.64[0.34, 7.90]). There was no significant difference for complete remission at 18 weeks in Leducq et al study and patients achieving more than two third reduction in the pruritus score (one of the primary outcomes in Sharma et al study) (OR [95%CI] 1.03 [0.24, 4.38]) too. In both studies, methotrexate was well tolerated. There was no significant benefit of add on methotrexate to antihistamine in the treatment of difficult to treat urticaria. Inclusion of only two randomized controlled trials is the limitation of this meta‐analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID‐19 pandemic has a strong negative impact on human society worldwide. Patients with immune‐mediated disease may be prone to an increased risk of infection and/or more severe course. We review the available data for patients with psoriatic arthritis (PSA) and systemic treatments. Current treatment options are summarized. Based upon the experience with COVID‐19, the following problems are addressed: (a) Can systemic treatment reduce comorbidities of PsA that are also comorbidities for COVID‐19? Does systemic medical treatment pose an increased risk of infection with SARS‐CoV‐2? Does systemic drug therapy have an impact on the risk of pulmonary fibrosis—a factor with strong negative impact on COVID‐19 outcome? Small molecules, inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor alfa, interleukin, and JAK inhibitors are considered. The data are inhomogeneous for the multiple drugs used in PsA. Although the risk for severe upper airway tract infections during clinical controlled trials was mostly in the range of placebo, these data have been obtained before the COVID‐19 pandemic and should be interpreted with caution. Some biologics demonstrated an antifibrotic activity in vitro and in animal disease models. None of the biologics is indicated during an active infection with fever. In nonsymptomatic PsA patients, systemic drug therapy can be continued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isotretinoin is a safe and useful medication for acne management. Adverse effects are mostly related to cutaneous and mucous membranes. We present a case of a 24‐year‐old female patient who was on treatment with isotretinoin for acne vulgaris Grade 4. After 6 months of treatment, the patient presented with localized patch of hair loss. Beginning of alopecia areata in patients with acne vulgaris could be regarded as a side effect of retinoids due to anti‐acne therapy. The exact mechanism by which retinoids cause hair loss is not known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benvitimod is a topical drug that has recently been approved for mild to moderate psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. The drug has just completed phase 3 trials for psoriasis, which calls for a systematic update of current evidence on the efficacy and safety of this drug. We searched MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Science Direct, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar for all available randomized controlled trials concerning the topic. We included six randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of benvitimod 1.0% with a total of 1925 patients. Our meta‐analysis demonstrated that more patients in the benvitimod group achieved physician global assessment score of 0 or 1 (RR 6.53, 95% CI 4.39–9.71), psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) 75 (RR 4.34, 95% CI 2.96–6.36), PASI 90 (RR 8.83, 95% CI 5.22–14.95) and body surface area reduction (MD −3.85, 95% CI −4.83, −2.88) than placebo at week 12. Patient‐reported outcomes were also analyzed, yielding a significant benefit in the benvitimod group for peak pruritus numerical rating scale (PP‐NRS) score (MD −1.20, 95% CI −1.98, −0.42), ≥4‐point decrease in PP‐NRS score (RR 1.58, 95% CI, 1.24–2.03) and dermatology life quality index score (MD −2.54, 95% CI −4.00, −1.07). There was a significantly higher incidence of adverse events in the benvitimod group compared to placebo (RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.73–2.27), while the risk was found to be non‐significant for serious adverse events. Benvitimod is an effective treatment of psoriasis as compared to a placebo. However, more large‐scale, high‐quality trials are needed to comment on the safety of this drug. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seborrheic keratosis (SK) is a common, benign tumor that can occur on everybody site and can be conservatively managed. Cosmetic concerns, especially when a lesion involves the facial area, are the most common reason for excision. SK shows male gender preponderance and increasing age is an independent association with the condition. Even though more prevalent in the elderly, it has also been reported in younger age groups like adolescents and young adults. Precise pathogenesis is still obscure, but ultra‐violet exposure represents a predisposing factor to SK by altering the biochemical concentration and expression of factors like Glutamine deaminases, endothelin, and stem cell factor. Moreover, the accumulation of amyloid‐associated protein has also been postulated. Involvement of genitalia has been associated with human papillomavirus infection. Recently, Merkel cell polyomavirus nucleic acid was also detected in SK. Several oncogenic mutations involving FGFR‐3 and FOXN1 have been identified. SKs are usually classified clinically and histologically. Dermatoscopy is a noninvasive alternative diagnostic technique widely used in differentiating SK from other benign and malignant tumors. In terms of treatment, topical agents, shave dissection, cryosurgery, electrodesiccation, laser application and curettage under local anesthesia are safe methods for eradication of SKs, mostly for cosmetic purposes. Though generally safe, the latter techniques may occasionally cause post‐procedure depigmentation, scarring, and recurrence. Nanosecond‐pulsed electric field technology is a promising new technique with fewer side‐effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We read with great interest a "letter to the Editor" published in the journal of I Dermatologic Therapy i by Gaspari et al,1 who speculated that certain percentage of the asymptomatic population could spread severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) through sexual contact (vaginal, anogenital and orogenital), and anal swab for all coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and those with negative nasopharyngeal swab may be considered. Despite nasopharyngeal testing negativization, COVID-19 patients can persistently result positive on rectal swabs.3 MSM at risk of HIV infection may also continue to engage in risky health behaviors, including ignoring stay-at-home orders, getting in condomless physical contact with possible COVID-19 partners, or have poor access to necessary sexual health clinics, HIV prevention services, and sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing during the current COVID-19 pandemic situation.8 MSM patients younger than 50 years might be at higher risk of COVID-19. COVID-19 patients presented with PR, or known STD, should be enquired about their sexual behavior/preference, and should undergo more than a nasopharyngeal swab before considering negativity of infection. [Extracted from the article]

We have read with great interest the review article published by Magnano et al which was recently published in I Dermatologic Therapy Journal i .1 We found it interesting to expand the discussion in this regard that may be practically helpful for the dermatologists in the era of COVID19 pandemic. It is an area of debate whether it is advisable or not to stop biologic agents in the treatment of psoriasis during COVID-19 pandemic. Novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and biologic therapy in psoriasis: infection risk and patient counseling in uncertain times. [Extracted from the article]

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and is usually related to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other immunocompromised conditions.[1] Herein, we aimed to present a case of OHL and make an emphasis on treatment options. It is classified as a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) category B clinical marker of HIV infection and affects up to 25% of HIV-positive patients.[2] Importantly, OHL can be an early indicator of HIV-infection as it may manifest at CD4 T cell counts less than 500/mm SP 3 sp . 2010; 1 (1): 10 - 13. 3 de Jong A, Palefsky JM, Stites DP, Nakagawa M. Human immunodeficiency virus-positive individuals with oral hairy leukoplakia are able to mount cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses to Epstein-Barr virus. [Extracted from the article]

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) with its precursor miniaturization of anagen phase (MA) and telogen effluvium (TE) represent nonscarring hair loss diseases which causes moderate to severe aesthetic and psychologic discomfort in affected people. Several therapeutic approaches have been tested through the latest decades, with different degree of success. In this study we aim to analyze the efficacy and outcome of an innovative therapeutic protocol, named TRICHOBIOLIGHT, a combination of active principles conveyed by mesotherapy directly on the scalp with a subsequent photobiostimulation session with LED light (630 nm). About 107 patients (49 women, 58 men, mean age 45‐year‐old) with clinical and trichoscopic diagnosis of MA, AGA, and TE have been enrolled at Skin Center of L'Aquila, Avezzano and Pescara (Italy) and subsequently treated with the TRICHOBIOLIGHT protocol. 4 patients dropped out at the beginning of the study: 2 patients because of an histological diagnosis of scarring alopecia and lichen scleroatrophicus, and 2 patients dropped out because of adverse reaction to the treatment. Excellent to good outcome have been reached in the 82.5% of patients (85/103), 9 patients (8.7%) reached a sufficient result while 7 patients (6.8%) partially respond to the treatment. Two patients (2%) did not respond at all. TRICHOBIOLIGHT is a promising protocol, working through the combined action of the active principles and the photobiostimulation, that lead to a strengthening and thickening of the residual hair, giving an optical thickening effect that provides high quality aesthetic results and, consequently, appreciable psychological results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermoscopy of mucosal surface termed "mucoscopy" is an upcoming offshoot of dermatological imaging. However, the literature on mucoscopy is limited to individual cases and small case series. An organized review or systematic analysis of mucoscopy is lacking. The aim of this review was to summarize the published literature on mucoscopic features of benign conditions affecting the oral mucosa and semi‐mucosa. Additionally, the results of mucoscopic features of diseases, which have not been described before have been presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV), an autoimmune blistering disease is treated with immunosuppressive medications. As the immunosuppressive effect of rituximab, the first‐line therapy of PV, lasts more than 6 months, many concerns have raised due to the ongoing novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) pandemic. With this background, our objective was to review the currently available literature as well as important websites for the evidence related to rituximab, PV and COVID‐19, adverse effects associated with drugs, and relevant guidelines. "PubMed" and "Google Scholar" database were systematically searched for retrieving all articles related to anti‐CD20 therapy in pemphigus vulgaris and COVID‐19 published up to 14 July 2020. A total of seven clinical studies are performed with anti‐CD20 therapy in COVID‐19, three of which are performed on pemphigus patients, and have shown concerns employing rituximab in patients with COVID‐19. Evidence for treating PV patients with rituximab in COVID‐19 pandemic is limited. Until sufficient evidence or guideline for pemphigus and COVID‐19 treatment is available, we advocate caution commencing rituximab in patients with pemphigus, due to the reported adverse outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID 19) was first detected in December 2019 in China. It has become a pandemic. With concern about therapies that may decrease immunity and enhance the severity of an individual's COVID‐19 infection, leading to a possibly fatal outcome, use of immunosuppressants has become an important concern. This work focuses on management of various skin diseases individuals lacking immunity to COVID‐19 but requiring a systemic immunosuppressant, keeping in view the challenge of the COVID 19 pandemic and that our knowledge of this virus and its effects on the immune system are incomplete including knowledge as to an individual's immunity after COVID‐19 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a common skin disease that is treated both with dermatologists and family physicians (FPs) with different strategies. To assess the antibiotics that are frequently preferred in AV treatment, and the differences between the FPs and dermatologists in treatment were investigated. The physicians were informed about the study, and sent over the internet a multiple‐choice questionnaire that consists of 29 questions in total. Afterwards, the answers provided were compared. 201 dermatologists and 147 FPs participated in the study. Dermatologists were found to have preferred topical erythromycin, nadifloxacin, clindamycin, and tetracycline, and systematically doxycycline and azithromycin in adult patients, whereas the FPs were found to have preferred mupirocin, fusidic acid (FA), and oxytetracycline, and systematically tetracycline. Dermatologists were found to have recommended topical clindamycin and erythromycin in pregnant/breastfeeding AV patients, whereas the FPs were found to have recommended FA. Dermatologists were found to have continued the antibiotics for 8 to 12 weeks, whereas the FPs were found to have continued for 1 to 4 weeks. The dermatologists preferred systemic antibiotics in cases with back involvement, moderate to severe AV, and that the FPs preferred them in severe AV. The dermatologists considered that the use of antibiotics alone or long‐term were important factors causing antibiotic resistance. There were significant differences between the approaches of dermatologists and FPs to AV treatment. FPs were found to have insufficient information about prevention of antibiotic resistance. Therefore, we think that the continuous training of FPs on dermatology will be beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Skin picking disorder (excoriation disorder) is a common psychodermatological disorder characterized by irresistible urges to pick skin on dominant hand accessible parts of the body. There is no specific recommended treatment available. Various pharmacological agents particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and glutamatergic agents have been tried with variable success. Habit reversal therapy has been commonly employed in the treatment and has some evidence‐based success. This review focuses on the interdisciplinary team approach consisting of a liaison with psychiatry, in the management of this disorder. The specific roles of dermatologist and psychiatrist are discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is an infectious disease, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)‐CoV‐2, that broke out in December 2019. In just 4 months it has spread to almost every country in the world and up to April 18, 2020, the virus has infected more than two million people. Itch is the most common symptom in dermatology and a frequent one of systemic diseases. The association of itch and viral diseases has been widely documented; however, the actual prevalence of itch in the patients suffering from new the SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is still unknown. In this paper, we present a review of the available literature on the topic of itch in the affected population. Moreover, we have also analyzed different aspects of itch associated with COVID‐19 pandemic, not directly related to the viral infection. Those included use of chemicals, hand sanitizers, common use of personal protective equipment and psychosocial stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The short-term effect of levocetirizine on quality of life, stress, and depression in itchy psoriasis patients However, very little is known about the effect of antihistamines in psoriasis patients with itch. This study aimed to assess the effect of levocetirizine on dermatology-related quality of life, global level of functioning, stress, depression, and anxiety in psoriasis patients. [Extracted from the article]

Itch is the most bothersome symptom in psoriasis, often leading to impaired quality of life. Treatment of psoriasis‐induced itch is frequently unsatisfactory as the various therapies employed have a delayed onset of effect. Histamine‐1 receptor (H1) antihistamines are not recommended in treatment guidelines as histamine is not considered a key mediator in psoriasis. However, patients using H1 antihistamines frequently report benefits in questionnaire‐based studies. To address these contradictions, we examined the short‐term effects of levocetirizine, a nonsedating H1 antihistamine, on psoriasis‐related itch and itch‐related quality of life. In this pilot study, patients with psoriasis‐related itch received levocetirizine 5–10 mg daily as a concomitant treatment for 5 days. Change of itch intensity as measured by hourly itch ratings and the change of itch‐related quality of life were measured at different time points. A total of 29 of 30 patients (96%) reported a decline in itch within 5 days. Mean itch reduction was 23% after Day 1 (p =.005), 40% after Day 3 (p <.001), and 41% after Day 5 (p <.001). Furthermore, itch‐related quality of life also significantly improved after 5 days (p <.001). Only 2 of 30 patients (6.7%) reported mild sleepiness. Levocetirizine 5–10 mg daily as an add‐on therapy seems to be an effective treatment to improve itch and itch‐related quality of life within only a few days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis, a T‐cell mediated chronic dermatosis, has a complex etiopathogenesis. There has been extensive research into the aberrant immune response, which leads to the formation of clinical lesions, and the need for developing better and safer drugs has been unrelenting. The past two decades of research has opened up new areas of the immune pathway that can be targeted in order to control the disease. Therefore, we have seen the emergence of biologics which either target T‐cell receptors or inhibit Tumor Necrosis Factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) or inhibit interleukins (IL) like IL‐12, IL‐17, IL‐17 receptor, and more recently IL‐23. Drugs specifically targeting the p19 subunit of IL‐23 have shown promising results in the management of chronic plaque psoriasis. This has given way to the development of a new class of biologics, that is, the IL‐23p19 inhibitors that have a better safety profile as compared to its predecessors. In this review, we shall scrutinize the role of IL‐23 and Th17 cell signaling in the evolution of the psoriatic lesions and summarize the clinical experience with IL‐23p19 inhibitors especially mirikizumab in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma constitutes one of the most sinister and troublesome malignancies encountered by humanity. Generally, the diagnosis of advanced melanoma connotes a grave prognosis, prompting a sense of looming threat of death, however, the early‐stage detected disease responds well to robust treatment resulting in reasonable survivorship. Scalp melanomas are even more troublesome, because they typically exhibit more aggressive biologic behavior and are often diagnosed at a late stage. This review tries to comprehensively highlight the various diagnostic, therapeutic, and outcome aspects of scalp melanomas. The literature research includes peer‐reviewed articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) till May 2020 and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Acute herpes zoster lesions in most cases are self‐limited except in older and immunocompromised patients, wherein the pain can cause significant suffering. Postherpetic neuralgia is a painful situation for patients that can compromise the quality of life. Here, we report a 30‐year‐old healthy young man who developed treatment‐resistant postherpetic neuralgia after herpes zoster (fourth/fifth thoracic segment) without any underlying immunocompromised state. He also developed some cystic lesions, which were removed by aspiration and surgery. The skin lesions improved 2 weeks after the surgery and postherpetic neuralgia was completely cured after 5 months, however cystic lesions recurred multiple times and were excised completely during each visit. Postherpetic neuralgia has a significant impact on the health‐care cost borne by the society and affected individual, hence, it is essential to select appropriate treatment to manage the pain of postherpetic neuralgia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by the parasitic mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. It is a common skin disease worldwide that occurs not only in the underprivileged sections of society but also in developed countries. In 2009, World Health Organization (WHO) recognized scabies as "neglected tropical disease (NTD)" or NTD thus emphasizing the need for community awareness and proper treatment strategies. This review attempts to summarize the varied clinical presentation of the disease and describes the advances in diagnosis and management including the ongoing search for novel agents to overcome the problems associated with conventional treatments. The literature research includes peer‐reviewed articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) till February 2020 and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has limited traditional consultation and minimized health care access. Teledermatology (TD) has come to the rescue in this situation by extending consultation for nonessential conditions to the comfort of patient's homes. This limits the risk of exposure of both doctors and patients to the coronavirus (SARS‐CoV‐2). And while there is a reported increase in teleconsultations during the ongoing pandemic, there are some demerits that avert the shift to virtualized health care. The authors conducted an online survey to further understand the hesitancy, limitations, merits, and the demographic of dermatologists who were conducive to TD and these data were analyzed and presented in this article. While TD might never replace physical consultation, it definitely serves an adjunctive role in the post‐COVID era, provided adequate regulatory measures are in place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dehydrated human amnion/chorion membrane allograft (dHACM) derived from placenta is increasingly used for skin and soft tissue repair in several medical specialties. Promising effects of dHACM were also reported in chronic venous and diabetic leg ulcers. However, dHACM is cost‐intensive and its effect on chronic leg ulcers of other etiologies and pain reduction is unknown. Clinical predictors of a favorable response to dHACM during the early treatment period could help to limit unnecessary costs. In our case series with six patients suffering from chronic lower leg ulcers of various etiology, the effect of dHACM once per week on reduction of pain and wound size during a 5‐week period was examined. dHACM resulted in effective pain reduction and improved wound healing in three patients with chronic leg ulcers due to calciphylaxis, chronic venous disease and reactive angioendotheliomatosis. Pain reduction after 1 to 2 applications of dHACM predicted a favorable healing response. Hence, our observation indicates that assessment of pain 3 weeks after initiation of dHACM may be a clinical predictor to justify dis‐/continuation of dHACM and thereby may help to limit costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) mainly affects the anterior hairline and eyebrows and its etiology and associated factors remain obscure. The aim of this study was to evaluate the allergic contact dermatitis with patch test in patients with FFA. In this prospective study, 20 patients with FFA and 24 age and sex‐matched healthy individuals were evaluated with patch testing. Diagnosis was made histologically, clinically and based on dermoscopic findings. Demographic data, age of onset, disease duration and FFA severity index are evaluated in all patients. Positive patch test reaction to one or more allergen was observed in 65% of patients while it was 37.5% in control group (P =.003). There was a significant difference between age (P =.006) and positive patch test results. No statistical significant difference was observed in the results of patch testing and disease duration (P =.519), menopausal status (P =.085), and FFA severity index (P =.573). Our findings suggest an association between FFA and allergic contact dermatitis. The utility of patch testing in FFA patients can explore the role of allergic etiology and may have an enormous impact on the diagnostic potential and quality of life of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To date, the geographical distribution and global trends of search activities on psoriasis and atopic eczema on Google and YouTube are widely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify geographic and temporal trends in YouTube and Google search activities for psoriasis and atopic eczema. We used specific filter settings on Google Trends to indicate the global search activity for ("Psoriasis") and ("Atopic Eczema") on Google and YouTube between January 1st, 2008 and August 7th, 2019. The four resulting data sets were analyzed and compared with respect to geographic distribution and temporal trends. Apart from a few "blind spots" (eg, Chad, Uzbekistan) the term "Psoriasis" was queried geographically fairly evenly distributed. The opposite was true for "Atopic Eczema", which was predominantly queried from a few "hot spots" (eg, United States, Commonwealth of Nations and Sweden). Since 2008, the search activity on YouTube for "Psoriasis" has tripled, while that for "Atopic Eczema" has decreased. On Google, by contrast, search activity has risen for both "Psoriasis" and "Atopic Eczema." Google Trends can be a useful tool to track people's/patients' interests and search search behavior over time, enabling, for instance, regionally tailored information and prevention campaigns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Itch is the commonest skin‐related symptom and can be influenced by visual cues as exemplified by the phenomenon of "contagious itch." Colors are visual cues able to modify somatosensory inputs. We explored the relationship of colors and itch and the impact of color viewing on itch intensity. In this cross‐sectional study, patients suffering from itch with a mean intensity of ≥2 on a Numerical Rating Scale during the last 7 days were evaluated. The study consisted of a questionnaire‐based part using The Manchester Color Wheel and the ItchyQoL, followed by an interventional part. All 72 itch patients were able to match their itchy sensation with a color: In 68 patients (94.4%) this "pruritic" basic color was red. Likewise, all patients were able to define a subjective "antipruritic" color: The leading basic color choice was blue (31/72, 43.0%) followed by green (21/72, 29.1%), yellow (7/72,9.7%) and others. The impairment of the itch‐related quality of life (as measured by the ItchyQoL) correlated with the brightness and saturation of the pruritic and antipruritic colors. Ten patients were visually exposed to their subjective antipruritic and pruritic color during 10 minutes resulting in a significant decrease and increase of itch intensity compared to baseline (5.1 ± 1.52 vs. 2.8 ± 1.47 [0‐10 Numerical Rating Scale, NRS], p=0.0004 and 4.9 ± 1.66 vs. 6.8± 2.09 NRS, p=0.0009). These results indicate that itch can be modified by color viewing and colors matter when treating itch patients. However, further investigations are required to elucidate the therapeutic potential of colors in itch patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]