1. Ten Years of 2D Longitudinal Strain for Early Myocardial Dysfunction Detection: A Clinical Overview
- Author
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Lilia Oreto, Rodolfo Citro, Luca Longobardo, Maria Chiara Todaro, Scipione Carerj, Roberta Manganaro, Concetta Zito, Maurizio Galderisi, Maurizio Cusmà-Piccione, Egidio Imbalzano, Maria Ludovica Carerj, Bijoy K. Khandheria, Gianluca Di Bella, Zito, Concetta, Longobardo, Luca, Citro, Rodolfo, Galderisi, Maurizio, Oreto, Lilia, Carerj, Maria Ludovica, Manganaro, Roberta, Cusmà-Piccione, Maurizio, Todaro, Maria Chiara, DI Bella, Gianluca, Imbalzano, Egidio, Khandheria, Bijoy K., and Carerj, Scipione
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Longitudinal strain ,Immunology and Microbiology (all) ,lcsh:Medicine ,Clinical settings ,Review Article ,Systolic function ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Longitudinal function ,Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (all) ,Ejection fraction ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Stroke Volume ,General Medicine ,Stroke volume ,Gold standard (test) ,Myocardial Contraction ,Echocardiography ,Cardiology ,business - Abstract
In recent years, the role of left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) as the gold standard parameter for the evaluation of systolic function has been questioned, and many efforts have been concentrated in the clinical validation of new noninvasive tools for the study of myocardial contractility. Improvement in the accuracy of speckle-tracking echocardiography has resulted in a large amount of research showing the ability of two-dimensional strain to overcome EF limitations in the majority of primary and secondary heart diseases. Currently, global longitudinal strain (GLS) is considered the most accurate and sensitive parameter for the assessment of early left ventricular dysfunction. This review summarizes the advantages that this measurement can provide in several clinical settings. Moreover, the important cautions that should be considered in making the choice to use GLS also are addressed. Finally, a special focus on bull’s-eye polar maps for the assessment of regional changes of longitudinal function and the usefulness of these maps in the differential diagnosis of several diseases is provided.
- Published
- 2018