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PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane, Embase, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Weipu, and Wanfang databases were searched to evaluate the effects of probiotics supplements on gastric cancer‐related inflammatory factors. Parallel randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of prebiotics supplement on gastric cancer patients were included in the review. Compared with routine nutrition, meta‐analysis shows that probiotics supplements reduce gastric cancer‐related inflammation levels by mostly increasing the levels of cluster of differentiation 4+ and greatly reducing the levels of interleukin‐6. Probiotics supplements can control the inflammatory response in cancer patients and may be a potential approach for controlling inflammatory levels in the patients. However, a larger population is needed for further study because of a certain degree of heterogeneity in this review. Practical applications: The effects of probiotics (Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Streptococcus species) on the gastric cancer‐related inflammation were investigated.Probiotics can reduce gastric cancer‐related inflammation levels more effectively by increasing the levels of cluster of differentiation 4+ and greatly reducing the levels of interleukin‐6.The study provides some theoretical basis for controlling cancer‐related inflammation responses in the patients using probiotics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma (RRMM) remains a clinical challenge. We compared the progression-free survival (PFS) of RRMM patients treated with lenalidomide and low dose dexamethasone plus elotuzumab or carfilzomib (ELD vs. CLD), using reconstructed individual patient data (IPD) based on two published trials reports. Methods. We extracted data of study-level characteristics from original trial reports. We evaluated the comparability between the two treatment groups in terms of baseline status. Digitization of PFS Kaplan-Meier curves, reconstruction of IPD data, and subsequent survival analysis were performed. Distribution of progression and death events over time was visualized as histograms and corresponding kernel density lines, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted. Hazard ratio (HR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Results. Significant difference in race and disease stage distribution was found (P < 0.0001). Higher proportion of white patients and patients with advanced disease in the carfilzomib group was identified. Survival analysis revealed better PFS in the carfilzomib group (elotuzumab group vs. carfilzomib group: HR = 1.36, 95% CI = [1.11-1.67]). Conclusion. The CLD regimen may result in better PFS as compared with the ELD regimen in RRMM patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. A possible association between the TACC3 rs798766 polymorphism and urinary bladder cancer risk has been indicated in published literature. We performed this meta-analysis as a synthesis of all relevant data to summarize currently available evidence and to provide estimation with increased precision. Methods. EMBASE, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Wanfang Data were searched. “rs798766” and “urinary bladder cancer” were used as the search terms. A total of 6 eligible studies were identified, in which 8194 cases and 50,165 controls were investigated. Meta-analysis was performed using extracted data. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity was also performed. Population attributable risk (PAR) was calculated. Results. We found a significant association between rs798766[T] and increased risk of bladder cancer, allelic[T] OR=1.27, 95%CI=1.20–1.33. Subgroup analysis by ethnicity revealed similar results, allelic[T] OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.17–1.32 in Caucasian subjects and allelic[T] OR=1.33, 95%CI=1.21–1.46 in Asian subjects. PAR based on pooled allelic ORs and the frequency of the risk allele in control subjects was 4.63% in the overall population and 3.92% in Asians and 4.36% in Caucasians. Conclusion. rs798766 is associated with increased risk of bladder cancer, and no ethnic difference was found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Previous studies have revealed that gene polymorphisms of inflammatory factors may influence the development or progression of periodontitis, a main cause of tooth loss in adults; however, due to limitations of individual studies, inconsistent findings were reported. Objective. To meta-analytically investigate the relationship between periodontitis and the Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and Interleukin-4 receptor (IL-4R) gene polymorphisms. Methods. Databases were searched for relevant case-control studies. After study selection based on the predefined selection criteria, methodological quality assessment and data extraction were conducted independently by two reviewers, before subsequent statistical analyses. Results. 37 studies involving 4,385 patients and 5,168 controls were included. All the studied IL-4 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with periodontitis, except the -33C/T (CT versus CC: OR = 0.50, 95% CI = 0.28–0.88) associated with reduced AgP susceptibility. Positive association was found between IL-4R Q551 polymorphism and periodontitis susceptibility in three genetic models (R versus Q: OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.14–2.22; QR versus QQ: OR = 1.84, 95% CI = 1.21–2.80; RR + QR versus QQ: OR = 1.82, 95% CI = 1.22–2.72). Conclusions. A positive association exists between the IL-4R Q551R polymorphism and occurrence of CP. The IL-4 -33 CT genotype is negatively associated with the occurrence of AgP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]