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Background. Essential Skills in the Management of Surgical Cases (ESMSC) is an international, animal model-based course. It combines interactive lectures with basic ex vivo stations and more advanced wet lab modules, that is, in vivo dissections and Heart Transplant Surgery on a swine model.Materials and Methods. Forty-nine medical students (male,N=27, femaleN=22, and mean age = 23.7 years) from King’s College London (KCL) and Greek Medical Schools attended the course. Participants were assessed with Direct Observation of Procedural Skills (DOPS), as well as Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs). Pairedt-test associations were used to evaluate whether there was statistically significant improvement in their performance.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined applied surgical science and wet lab simulation course as a teaching model for surgical skills at the undergraduate level.Results. The mean MCQ score was improved by 2.33/32 (P<0.005). Surgical skills competences, as defined by DOPS scores, were improved in a statically significant manner (P<0.005for all pairedt-test correlations).Conclusions. ESMSC seems to be an effective teaching model, which improves the understanding of the surgical approach and the basic surgical skills. In vivo models could be used potentially as a step further in the Undergraduate Surgical Education.