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In cybersecurity practice, two methodological challenges exist, that is, how to improve validity and reliability of cybersecurity assessment as a weak hypothesis and how to assess and mitigate cybersecurity risks among the K‐12 school population as the weakest link. To address these two challenges, the present study aimed to verify the validity and reliability of one newly developed questionnaire, Cybersecurity Judgment Questionnaire for Middle and High School Students, using the Rasch modeling. A total of 398 middle and high school students from the GenCyber Camps participated in this study. The results of the Rasch model analysis show that (1) the Cybersecurity Judgment Questionnaire was unidimensional, measuring one single construct of cybersecurity judgment; (2) the questionnaire had acceptable item construct validity and person construct validity; (3) the item reliability and person reliability of the questionnaire were also acceptable, and (4) a few items might need revisions to increase item difficulty and reduce redundancy, if this would be confirmed by more replication studies with more representative samples. Suggestions for improvement and administration of the questions are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 10‐week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, glucose transport and metabolism of Chinese soft‐shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) exposure to graded levels of dietary starch (0.52%, 7.43%, 14.74%, 22.99% and 31.38%). The 360 turtles (initial body weight, 12.94 ± 0.50 g) with 12 replicates were randomly assigned to five experimental diets. The highest weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR) were observed in 7.43% group and the lowest in 31.38% group. The protein efficiency ratio, whole‐body lipid contents, hepatic glycogen contents and the 4‐hr postprandial plasma glucose levels were significantly increased with the increment of starch levels (p <.05). In contrast, the daily feed intake and feed conversion ration were significantly declined (p <.05). The mRNA levels of glucose transporter 2, glucokinase, pyruvate kinase, malic enzyme and acetyl‐CoA carboxylase alpha genes in the liver significantly increased as the increase in starch levels at 4‐hr and 24‐hr post feeding (p <.05). No significant differences were observed in the expression of gluconeogenesis genes at each time point (p >.05). These results suggested that dietary addition of starch up‐regulated hepatic glycolysis, glycogenesis and lipogenesis genes expression, but the deficient response of gluconeogenesis to dietary starch might be part of the causes limited the starch utilization. Based on the secondary polynomial regression of SGR, y = −0.0011x2 + 0.028x + 1.63 (R2 = 0.9292), the 12.73% inclusion level of dietary starch was recommended in juvenile turtles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]