1. Loss and dysregulation of Th17 cells during HIV infection.
- Author
-
Bixler SL and Mattapallil JJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Death immunology, Cytokines genetics, Cytokines immunology, Gene Expression Regulation, HIV Infections microbiology, HIV Infections pathology, HIV Infections virology, Host-Pathogen Interactions, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa microbiology, Intestinal Mucosa pathology, Intestinal Mucosa virology, Signal Transduction, Th17 Cells pathology, Th17 Cells virology, Toll-Like Receptors genetics, Toll-Like Receptors immunology, Bacterial Translocation immunology, HIV immunology, HIV Infections immunology, Intestinal Mucosa immunology, Th17 Cells immunology
- Abstract
Bacterial translocation across the damaged mucosal epithelium has emerged as a major paradigm for chronic immune activation observed during HIV infection. T helper 17 (Th17) cells are a unique lineage of T helper cells that are enriched in mucosal tissues and are thought to play a central role in protecting the integrity of the mucosal barrier and maintaining immune homeostasis at mucosal sites. Th17 cells are lost very early during the course of HIV infection, and their loss has been shown to correlate with bacterial translocation. Interestingly, Th17 cells are unable to completely recover from the early destruction even after successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). Here, we review some of the potential mechanisms for the loss and dysregulation of Th17 cells during HIV infection.
- Published
- 2013
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