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Background: With the growth and aging of population, the incidence of prostate cancer will increase year by year, which is bound to bring greater economic burden to the society. There has been greater interest in the anticancer effects of statin in recent years. It is controversial whether statin use is associated with the risk of prostate cancer (PCa). Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis and systematic review to explore the effects of statin use and their duration and cumulative dose on the overall incidence of PCa., Method: The study was conducted according to the latest guidelines for PRISMA 2020. We searched PubMed and other databases for studies about the association of statin use with the risk of incident prostate cancer between January 1, 1990, and April 11, 2022. Two independent researchers extracted data and evaluated the quality of the studies. R x64 4.1.2 and random-effects model were used for data statistics. Relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) effective values with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were used to assess the main results., Results: The results of 6 RCT and 26 cohort studies showed that statins did not significantly associate with the incidence of PCa (RR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.82-1.08). The similar results were obtained from 9 case-control studies (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.99-1.07). However, statins were associated with a lower risk of Pca (RR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.28-0.70) when the cumulative defined daily dose (cDDD) was high. Using statins for more than five years could be associated with a reduced incidence of Pca (RR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.23-0.97). There was a significant heterogeneity in these studies (RCT and cohort study: I 2  = 98%, P  < 0.01; case-control study: I 2  = 72%, P  < 0.01)., Conclusion: We concluded that statins had a neutral association with the overall risk of PCa. High cDDD and long duration were associated with a lower risk of PCa., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Meng-Yao Xu et al.)

Objective: Although the prognostic effect of statins on patients with prostate cancer (PCa) has been frequently evaluated, a consistent result is still lacking. We aimed to evaluate the association between statin use and mortality among patients with PCa after definite therapies., Methods: A systematic search of PubMed and other databases for cohort studies about the effect of statins on patients with PCa was performed until April 2022. Meta-analysis was performed using R software version 4.1.2., Results: 24 cohort studies involving 369, 206 participants were finally included. We found statin use significantly reduced the risk of prostate cancer-specific mortality (PCSM) with a pooled hazard ratio (pHR) = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.69-0.84, 18 studies), especially for postdiagnostic statin users: pHR = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77-0.85) and patients who accepted androgen deprivation therapy (ADT): pHR = 0.69 (95% CI: 0.59-0.81). Statin use was also associated with a 24% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality (ACM): pHR = 0.76 (95% CI: 0.68-0.85, 17 studies), especially for postdiagnostic statin users: pHR = 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78-0.85) and patients treated with ADT: pHR = 0.72 (95% CI: 0.63-0.82) or radiotherapy (RT): pHR = 0.68 (95% CI: 0.50-0.93)., Conclusion: In conclusion, the use of statins could promote the prognosis of patients with PCa, especially for postdiagnostic users. For patients who received either ADT or radical prostatectomy (RP), statin use could decrease the PCSM. As for those who received either ADT or RT, statin use could decrease the ACM., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Ye An et al.)

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common malignancies of the urinary system with an unfavorable prognosis. More and more studies have suggested that lipid metabolism could influence the progression and treatment of tumors. However, there are few studies exploring the relationship between lipid metabolism and bladder cancer. This study aimed to explore the roles that lipid metabolism-related genes play in patients with bladder cancer., Methods: TCGA&#95;BLCA cohort and GSE13507 cohort were included in this study, and transcriptional and somatic mutation profiles of 309 lipid metabolism-related genes were analyzed to discover the critical lipid metabolism-related genes in the incurrence and progression of bladder cancer. Furthermore, the TCGA&#95;BLCA cohort was randomly divided into training set and validation set, and the GSE13507 cohort was served as an external independent validation set. We performed the LASSO regression and multivariate Cox regression in training set to develop a prognostic signature and further verified this signature in TCGA&#95;BLCA validation set and GSE13507 external validation set. Finally, we systematically investigated the association between this signature and tumor microenvironment, drug response, and potential functions and then verified the differential expression status of signature genes in the protein level by immunohistochemistry., Results: A novel 6-lipidmetabolism-related gene signature was identified and validated, and this risk score model could predict the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. In addition, the prognostic model was tightly related to immune cell infiltration and tumor mutation burden. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) showed that mTOR signaling pathway, G2M checkpoint, fatty acid metabolism, and hypoxia were enriched in patients in the high-risk score groups. Furthermore, 3 therapies specific for bladder cancer patients in different risk scores were identified., Conclusion: s. In conclusion, we investigated the lipid metabolism-related genes in bladder cancer through comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. A novel 6-gene signature associated with lipid metabolism for predicting the outcomes of patients with bladder cancer was conducted and validated. Furthermore, the risk score model could be utilized to indicate the choice of therapy in bladder cancer., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Yuan-Yuan Yang et al.)