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Introduction: Enlarged Gingiva is one of the prime concerns for both dentists and patients causing esthetic and functional problems. The treatment is based on the understanding of cause and underlying pathologic changes, be it inflammatory, pharmacologically induced, associated with systemic diseases, neoplastic, iatrogenic or idiopathic. Objective: To provide minimally invasive periodontal therapy to patients presenting with gingival overgrowth of five different etiological backgrounds. Materials and Methods: Patients with gingival overgrowths reported to the Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, ITS-CDSR, Muradnagar, Ghaziabad. Based on the individual history, the patients were categorized under five sections. First was inflammatory due to local deposits, Second was drug induced (phenytoin and amlodipine), Third was iatrogenic in patient undergoing orthodontic treatment, Fourth idiopathic and Fifth Miscellaneous in which patient himself wanted gingival correction because of esthetic concerns. Different treatment strategies were advocated depending upon the history, clinical examination and medical consent. Results: All patients were successfully treated with full mouth scaling, root planing and surgical therapy. Full mouth gingivectomy and gingivoplasty was conducted one week apart, one quadrant each week with scalpel, electro cautery and LASER depending upon the patient's requirement. Conclusion: This case series emphasizes on the different types of gingival enlargement based on the etiology and highlights different treatment modalities advocated to manage such cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stress is a state of physiological or psychological strain caused by adverse stimuli, physical, mental or emotional, internal or external, that tend to disturb the functioning of to avoid an organism and which the organism naturally desires. Several corelational questionnaires have observed a positive relationship between psychological stress and periodontal diseases. This study aimed at studying the prevalence of periodontal disease and its relationship to stress in students in ITS dental college educational society campus in Ghaziabad. Materials and Method: The study included 104 subjects between the age of 18-30 years. The subjects were informed about the study goals and also requested to sign consents. The questionnaire included parts from generic stress questionnaire for students from Ministry of social security, National Solidarity and Reforms Institutions. The clinical examination included, Gingival Index (Bleeding on probing) and Probing Pocket Depth. Results: A significant relationship was found between gingival inflammation and psychological stress. Statistical tests of ANOVA (analysis of variance) and post Hoc bonferroni (Multiple comparison )were applied to compare and evaluate the results. However no significant difference was found between probing depth and psychological stress. Conclusion: Result from the present study indicates that psychological variables related to stress susceptibility and current level of stress do not contribute to significant difference in clinical parameters of probing depth. Moreover, the results indicate that only stressful situations and their subjective impact have a significant correlation with gingival inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral health continues to be a major health problem worldwide, chronic periodontitis being one of the most prevalent oral diseases. The pathologic hallmark of periodontitis is the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth involved. The first goal of periodontal therapy is the complete healing of inflammatory condition and next is the regeneration of all lost structures. One of the most important and currently unsolved problems in clinical periodontics is the covering of multiple adjacent recessions and predictable successful treatment of furcation defects. Currently, no single regenerative material can be considered the gold standard in the treatment of periodontal defects. Recently, importance has been given to the use of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) for predictably obtaining periodontal regeneration. PRF is an intimate assembly of cytokines, glycan chains, and structural glycoproteins, which are enmeshed within a slowly polymerized fibrin network; it has the potential to accelerate soft and hard tissue healing. The purpose of this article is to present the clinical results of a Grade II mandibular furcation defect and Millers Class I gingival recession treated with PRF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an intrapocket anesthetic gel in the reduction of pain on periodontal probing in a group of individuals with untreated periodontitis. Materials and Method : A randomized, double-masked, split mouth clinical trial was conducted in 30 patients with chronic periodontitis with probing depth greater than 5 mm. Selected patients were randomnly divided into 2 groups. Test group (15 patients) anaesthetic gel (2% lignocaine) was placed in the pockets for 30 sec and then probed. Control group (15 patients) was evaluated without gel placement. Each tooth was assessed at 6 sites and the clinical parameters included were probing depth, plaque index, pocket probing depth and clinical attachment level. Quantification of pain was done by using ungraded visual analogue scale with the left endpoint marked "no pain" and the right end point marked "worst imaginable pain". Result : There were no significant differences in the mean number of teeth probed in the test side of the mouth versus the placebo side, nor was there any significant difference in the amount of gel each tooth received in test sides of the mouth. There was also no significant difference in the amount of time it took to probe placebo or test sides. The results demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in patient's perception of pain for the side of the mouth having the gel compared to the side of the mouth without the gel, reported through VAS pain scoring. Conclusion: The anesthetic gel provides a statistically significant reduction in patients reporting of pain on periodontal probing in patients with untreated periodontitis. It suggests that the gel may be used for those patients who find the full-mouth periodontal probing experience particularly painful. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: There are some common similarities in the epidemiology and immunopathogenesis of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis(RA). But the associations between their respective disease activities are less well documented. Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among RA patients. Materials and Method: The study included 40 subjects with RA and 40 healthy controls matched by age and gender. Oral hygiene and Periodontal health was assessed using plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and probing depth (PD). The severity of Rheumatoid arthritis was determined by TJC (Tender joints count), SwJC (Swollen joints count), VAS for pain (visual analogue scale), EMS (early morning stiffness), ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate), RA factor and DAS28 (disease activity scores). Results: Values of PI and GI were significantly higher in subjects with RA compared to control subjects (1.71 versus 1.54, P < 0.05; 0.51 versus 0.37, P < 0.05).Significant differences were also found in Pocket probing depth, PD (1.88 mm versus 1.71mm; P < 0.05).These values remain more significant in older age groups. Conclusion: Patients with RA have an increased prevalence of periodontitis compared to other non-diseased individuals. Poor manual dexterity along with other parameters may be the potential mediators of this association. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]