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The Pixel detector is a crucial part of the ATLAS detector and all the performance of the tracking system is based on its features. The tracking performance of the ATLAS detector relies critically on its 4-layer Pixel detector, that has undergone significant hardware and readout upgrades to meet the challenges imposed by the higher collision energy, pileup and luminosity that are being delivered by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), with record breaking instantaneous luminosities of 2 X 10 34 cm-2 s-1 recently exceeded. The key status and the performance metrics of the ATLAS Pixel Detector are summarized, and the operational experience and requirements to ensure optimum data quality and data taking efficiency will be described, with special emphasis to radiation damage experience.

The Telegraph Union, founded in 1865, was the first supranational organization to link different countries with the aim of regulating a public service. Its objectives were: technological standardization, a set of regulations and the adoption of uniform international tariffs. The paper aims to establish how the Telegraph Union influenced the technical standardization process of the international network in the second half of the XIX century.

Wireless telegraphy, born in late 19th century, was regulated at international level very soon in two conferences both held in Berlin in 1903 and 1906. These conferences were organized by Germany in order to break up the British Marconi Company's monopoly. Germany, France and U.S.A. opposed this trust, while U.K. and Italy defended it for different reasons. This paper aims to identify the political, economic, technical, and social reasons that led, or in some cases forced, Italy to protect Marconi's interests at international level. This defensive strategy put the country at the center either of the international debate on wireless, or of the Marconi Company's global strategy.