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Persistent fault analysis (PFA) was proposed at CHES 2018 as a novel fault analysis technique. It was shown to completely defeat standard redundancy based countermeasure against fault analysis. In this work, we investigate the security of masking schemes against PFA. We show that with only one fault injection, masking countermeasures can be broken at any masking order. The study is performed on publicly available implementations of masking.

From the perspective of the classic theme of the game theory--the prisoner’s dilemma, this essay aims to discuss the phenomenon and the significance of the prisoner’s dilemma, as well as the implication in the enterprise competitive intelligence and the win-win cooperation in the price war. Meanwhile, this essay will prove that the price war can be avoided and cooperation will create a win-win situation, according to an insight of the pricing behaviors of the counterparts using the theory of the prisoner’s dilemma.