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The study aimed to develop a clinical decision support system for stroke critical-care rehabilitation in medical intensive care units (ICUs) to address the challenges of complex patient conditions, diverse rehabilitation needs, and subjectivity in physician prescriptions. This study proposed a dual-knowledge-driven intelligent rehabilitation decision support system (RDSS) for personalized intensive-care rehabilitation of severe-stroke patients. The system uses proposed collaborative reasoning that integrates semantic reasoning and knowledge graph-based reasoning to recommend rehabilitation plan, other relevant treatment options, potential complications and comorbidities, and risk factors to consider based on the patient’s clinical context information. In order to validate whether this system can enhance doctors’ capability in formulating rehabilitation prescriptions, a comparative evaluation study and a retrospective study were conducted respectively. The results of the comparative study showed that the overlap rate (73.3%) between the RDSS and the gold standard was higher than the average overlap rate (59.4%) between most (96.6%) rehabilitation professionals and the gold standard. In the retrospective study, 92 patients from two hospitals were enrolled, the overlap rate between the rehabilitation plans provided by the RDSS and those provided by the gold standard was over 50% for all cases, with nearly one-fifth achieving a 100% match. Moreover, 46.7% of rehabilitation plans had an overlap rate of 80% or higher, and the overall average overlap rate reached 78.10%. These findings suggest that the proposed RDSS demonstrated strong performance in recommending rehabilitation plans and providing risk reminders, indicating its potential feasibility for use in clinical practice.

The Yellow River basin (YRB) is a major ecological functional area in China, and its ecological safety development and change have extremely significant impacts on the natural environment and human society. However, existing studies on the YRB lack spatiotemporal characteristics analysis and prediction of ecological safety with vegetation as the core. Therefore, this study proposes to construct an ecological safety index (ESI) of the YRB based on the comprehensive multidimensional ecological safety evaluation system “vigor-pressure-state-response,” using the normalized difference vegetation index, vegetation carbon sink indicator parameters, temperature, precipitation, the digital elevation model, population density, and the per capita gross domestic product from 2000 to 2020. The spatiotemporal characteristics of the ESI were then analyzed for the YRB, and a long-term and short-term memory network model was constructed to predict the ESI trend of the YRB over the next 10 years. According to the results, from 2000 to 2020, the ESI of the YRB showed a fluctuating upward trend, and the annual average of the ESI changed abruptly in 2015 due to drastic changes in hazardous areas. The ESI in most areas of the YRB showed a significant upward trend, the stability of ESI changes was weak in some areas, and the overall spatial distribution showed significant positive spatial agglomeration characteristics. Further, the response of ESI to landscape complexity in different reaches of the YRB varied. Most of the middle reaches were positively correlated with landscape complexity, while most of the upper and lower reaches were not significantly or negatively correlated. Notably, over the next 10 years, YRB's ESI growth will slow down, with areas with degradation increasing, areas with significant growth decreasing, and areas currently showing stability improvement.

The yellow river basin (YRB) plays a crucial role in maintaining national ecological security, and controlling desertification is a critical factor in strengthening the foundation for the high-quality development of the basin. However, there are fewer studies on the spatiotemporal patterns of desertification change in different regions of the YRB, and the mechanisms affecting desertification change are not yet clear. The objective of this article was to construct a desertification difference index (DDI) to characterize the degree of desertification in the YRB based on surface Albedo and normalized difference vegetation index. We analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of desertification in different regions of the YRB. We used geographical detector and correlation analyses to screen out the main drivers affecting desertification change. We found that the DDI increased significantly at a rate of 0.5 × 10−3/a from 2001 to 2021, indicating a slowing down trend of desertification in the YRB. The spatial concentration of desertification was a high degree of agglomeration and significant spatial autocorrelation. Precipitation (PRE) and surface radiation were the primary factors influencing desertification in the YRB. The most important factor influencing desertification in the upstream of the YRB and midstream of the YRB areas was PRE. However, human footprint has exacerbated desertification in the downstream of the YRB. This article aims to reveal the driving mechanisms behind desertification in the YRB. The objective is to provide a reference for combating desertification and improving the ecological environment in the region.

During the operation of the urban subway, there will be stray current leaking into the ground, which may invade the neutral point of the transformer along the subway line, causing the working magnetization curve of the transformer core to shift, thereby causing the direct-current (DC) bias effect of the transformer. Since there are unknown parameters in the equivalent circuit model of the stray current of the subway, in order to simplify the process of the influence of the subway operation on the neutral current, based on the analysis of the formation mechanism of stray current, a real subway line has been selected and a monitoring platform in the nearby high-voltage (HV) substation has been built to record the neutral current. Meanwhile, through the on-site recording of the entry and exit time of subway trains at four consecutive stations, the running trajectories of the subway trains can be reversed. According to the trajectory of the subway train, the recorded neutral current was re-divided into time periods, and the synergistic analysis of the neutral current and the train trajectory in the corresponding time period was carried out. The neutral current measurement results for 4 consecutive days indicate that the influence of the subway train on the neutral current of the substation is mainly the influence of the unbalanced load, and the degree of the unbalance mainly comes from the distance and the acceleration and braking of the subway train. The trajectory of the subway train is related to the amplitude of the neutral current. The closer the subway train is to the substation, the greater the impact on the neutral current.

Insulated tubular busbar is a new type of current-carrying equipment with excellent performance. However, the research on this equipment is insufficient because of the short application and the lack of technical digestion, which has resulted in many accidents. In this paper, the full-scale model of epoxy-impregnated-paper insulated tubular busbar with bubble defects was designed and produced, its electrical breakdown process was investigated by withstand voltage test. In the experiment, the failure mode of breakdown caused by gas expansion was found for the first time. The research showed that the electrical-mechanical breakdown process could be divided into two stages: gas increase stage and breakdown threshold stage. The research also obtained the characteristics and the change criterions of the two stages. The gas in the bubble defects generated from epoxy decomposition which caused by partial discharge. When the gas pressure exceeds the critical fracture toughness of the bubble defects wall, the unstable crack extension occurs, therefore, improving the ability about resistance to partial discharge of epoxy resin or improving the fracture toughness of epoxy resin by modifying would enhance the breakdown performance of insulated tubular busbar. The result also has reference significance for other epoxy-impregnated-paper insulated electrical equipment.

This paper presents an agent-based modeling framework for affordance-based driving behaviors during the exit maneuver of driver agents in human-integrated transportation problems. We start our discussion from one novel modeling framework based on the concept of affordance called the affordancebased finite state automata (AFSA) model, which incorporates the human perception of resource availability and action capability. Then, the agent-based simulation illustrates the validity of the AFSA framework for the highway-lane-driver system. Next, the comparative study between real driving data and agent-based simulation outputs is provided using the transition diagram. Finally, we perform a statistical analysis and a correlation study to analyze affordance-based driving behavior of driver agents. The simulation results show that the AFSA model well represents the perception-based human actions and drivers' characteristics, which are essential for the design viewpoint of control framework of human driver modeling. This paper is also expected to benefit a designed control for autonomous/self-driving car in the future.

Features a study on the surface waves in homogeneous absorbing layers. Basic characteristics of surface waves; Diagrams of guided waves; Absence of standing damped guided waves in homogeneous absorbing layers.