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We design and investigate the optical properties of a novel hollow-core antiresonant fiber with nested elliptical cladding elements. This new structure shows low confinement loss even with a relatively small core. The lowest confinement loss of this structure is more than two orders of magnitude smaller than its circular-element counterparts. When the size of the cladding elements is properly designed, higher order core modes resonantly couple with the cladding modes effectively, resulting in an extremely high higher order-mode extinction ratio ( $>$ $10^4$). This good single mode performance can be achieved for a wide range of cladding element parameters, which would increase the fabrication tolerance. The new fiber also shows low bending loss for a wide range of bend radii. Moreover, dispersion properties of the new structure are also investigated under both unfilled and filled conditions. Numerical results show that antiresonant structures with the same core diameter and strut thickness have similar dispersion curves. The zero dispersion wavelength within the fundamental antiresonant transmission band can be tuned over tens of nanometers by increasing the pressure up to 50 bar when the fiber is filled with argon. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We report a multicore photonic crystal fiber (PCF) amplification system delivering about 110-W laser pulses with a duration of sub-100 fs. This amplifier is seeded by a large mode area (LMA) PCF mode-locked oscillator with a repetition rate of 100 MHz. By a one-stage nonlinear amplification, the pulse energy is scaled up to 1.1 \mu\textJ. In addition, the amplified pulses can be compressed to as short as 83 fs, corresponding to a peak power of 13 MW. For the multicore fiber used in this letter, the 110-W output average power has already made the mode distribution unstable. The results show that the potential output power of a multicore LMA fiber is mainly limited by the mode instability compared with the accumulated nonlinearity. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Microwave generation based on the nonlinear dynamics of a microsquare laser subject to optical injection is proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The nonlinear dynamics are illustrated and analyzed based on the lasing spectra under the optical injection with different detuning frequencies. The microwave signal related to the oscillation of carrier density is directly measured from the electrode of the microsquare laser. The generated microwave power versus the microwave frequency is in agreement with small signal modulation response curve. The results provide a possible approach to the on-chip integrated photonic microwave source. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]