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Design, development and simulation results of an interdigitated metal-fingers capacitors in 0.18µm RF-CMOS technology that are exploiting both lateral and vertical metal-metal capacitances are presented. Two RF-CMOS capacitors are designed specifically for applications in a 2.45GHz power splitter circuit. Five metal RF-CMOS layers are used to design two capacitors of 1.39pF and 2.2pF, consisting of 101 and 105 metal fingers respectively. The real impedance obtained at the input is Z 1 = 35.04Ω and Z 2 = 39.73Ω, while the insertion loss is S 21 = 2.47dB. Return loss S 11 and S 22 are simulated as 4.042dB and 4.047dB respectively. Phase measurements of 110.9° and 101.2° are obtained for the input and output ports, indicating that the phase shift is not degraded too much due to the capacitor.

The recent popularity of RFID tags has generated research for accompanying miniature, low-power reader circuits. This work illustrates the design of RF complementary metal- oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process compatible spiral inductors. Several simulators such as AWR Microwave Officereg, SONNETreg, and finite element program CST were used to provide its S21 and S31 transmission characteristics, approximate and finalized design layout values respectively. This design utilized Silterra 0.18 mum RF-CMOS technology process parameters. Simulation results indicate that inductors core diameters must be adequately large (more than 100 mum) to ensure high quality factor characteristics and its conductor spacing should be minimal to obtain larger per unit area inductive value. The proposed design methodology optimizes the conductor width of inductors to allow alignment of the peak quality factor with the circuit's operating frequency, thereby enhancing the input/output matching characteristics and S-parameter extraction in the GHz region.

FECG (Fetal ECG) signal contains potentially precise information that could assist clinicians in making more appropriate and timely decisions during pregnancy and labour. The extraction and detection of the FECG signal from composite abdominal signals with powerful and advance methodologies is becoming a very important requirement in fetal monitoring. The purpose of this paper is to model the developed algorithms on FECG signal extraction using VHDL (Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) for FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) implementation from the abdominal ECG signal using Neural Network approach is to provide efficient and effective ways of separating FECG signal and its nature. The designed model has been synthesized and fitted into Altera's Stratix II EP2S15F484C3 using the Quartus II version 7.2 Web Edition. The method appears to be exceedingly robust, correctly isolate the FECG signal from abdominal ECG.

Spread spectrum communication techniques have been widely accepted in mobile and wireless communications. They have very beneficial and tempting features, like Antijam, security, and multiple accesses. It is the purpose of this paper to describe the features of spread spectrum systems. The emphasis will be on the direct sequence spread spectrum (DS-SS) scheme, pseudo noise signals (PN), modulators and demodulators, hardware implementation and illustrate some of the DS-SS system features.

Radio frequency identification (RFID) is the latest technology for automatic identification which allows the transmission of a unique serial number wirelessly. The main purpose of this paper is to review and discuss RFID reader and its industrial application based on the manufacturing product. The components and features are still under research and being integrated in existing systems to create a marketable and potential new system. This paper further focused on the review of future implementation methodologies and a performance comparison along with their applications. The advances, approaches and improvements in the design will be examined. This review serves as a comparative studies and reference, beneficial for RFID reader researchers, for future implementation of the technology. This review paper opens a corridor for researchers to perform future comparative studies between different architecture and model as a reference point for developing more powerful, flexible and efficient applications.

As the technology of automatic identification using radio frequency called RFID which is expected to be the alternative of the next generation barcode improves, concerns to the privacy infringement grow harder. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the development of communication systems for the localization and the identification of objects. This paper concerns the development of power splitter design for power control module in RFID reader circuit. In this work, a noble transformer type Wilkinson unequal power splitter was developed using Mentor Graphic. In order to extract the best RF performance from the power splitter, it was optimally designed using a newly proposed method. The power splitter supported highly improved RF characteristics in industrial scientific and medical (ISM) band gigahertz regions. It exhibited a bandwidth that extended from 2.5 GHz to 3 GHz, return loss 19.6 dB and isolation values 5.4 dB.