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Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is an independent and self-organizing wireless Ad Hoc Network. VANET is the subclass of Mobile Ad-Hoc Network with the eminent property that nodes are the vehicle with high mobility property. VANET is an emerging area in the future of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) which helps in event driven traffic safety, collision warning through an exchange of messages through the wireless network. Nodes are expected to communicate by means of direct short-range communication (DSRC). This paper emphasizes on the review of various geocast and cluster-based multicast routing protocols for the secure and stable communication has been presented. The multicast routing approach in VANET reduces power consumption, transmission overhead in the smart cites. A single source can send messages to numerous specified nodes. Furthermore, the paper reviews the performance of all protocols using realistic networks and various routing techniques.

This paper aims at presenting a configuration for a multi-functional spherical aerial vehicle designed for search and rescue purposes which has the advantages of hover, level flight and amazing mobility. This is an advanced version of a Single-Copter and is called the Thrust Vectoring Aerial Craft (TVAC). The Spherical frame allows the vehicle to encounter an object without the risk of damaging the propeller and on board components and can land virtually anywhere without the need for critical pilot training The swash plate enabled thrust vectoring provides extra maneuverability and responsiveness to the craft in extreme environments. This first prototype consists of a single propeller, a 2-axis swash-plate and four control surfaces enclosed in a light-weight spherical frame. The craft is stabilized using a KK multicopter gyro based controller with four servo outputs and one motor output. A successful attitude control and stability is demonstrated with the swash-plate mechanism providing greater efficiency than its Single-Copter counterpart. Various experimental results after flight tests regarding the center of gravity and appropriate projected areas of various control vanes are also emphasized.

This paper presents a novel test setup for characterizing intermodulation distortion in advanced devices and circuits. The setup uses a network analyzer to measure power levels of the fundamental and IM3 products for a two-tone input. It is shown that if the power calibration is correctly performed, the intermodulation distortion terms from a power sweep give the correct value of the input-referred third-order intercept point (IIP3). MOSFETs in a commercially-available 0.13 µm SiGe BiCMOS technology were measured across bias to validate the measurement approach. The results were subsequently validated using harmonic balance simulations based on design-kit compact models.