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A console is an important platform for controlling indoor operations and displaying information. It is an important device for human-computer interactions. Whether an operator is comfortable using a console is an important issue of concern in industry. However, previous works have focused only on the joint angle and muscle fatigue of the console user, with few works focusing on the eye comfort of users. In this paper, we propose a console design method based on the physical comfort of the human eye to allow consoles to satisfy the needs of a user regarding the joint angle and muscle comfort and to reduce the physiological fatigue of a user's eyes, thereby improving the operator's cognitive efficiency and accuracy. In addition, a software and hardware collaboration platform is used to effectively improve the stability and accuracy of the proposed method. We also propose a method for evaluating the human eye comfort of console users based on a dual-channel objective visual quality analysis system. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to propose an evaluation metric for determining the comfort of the human eye afforded by a console, and experiments in the real world verify the effectiveness of this metric. Through this evaluation method, a console designed by using the console optimization method proposed herein is compared with a console designed according to the previous console design method. The results prove that our proposed method can effectively improve human eye comfort when using a console.

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted global economic seriously, and people tried to avoid face-to-face commerce interactions as much as possible. However, it provided a good opportunity for the development of cashless mobile payment. This research utilized big data analytics tools to analyze the online sentiment of the top three mobile payment platforms, including Line Pay, JKOPAY, and Alipay, which are currently the most popular mobile payment platforms in Taiwan. Besides, this article explored their existing market strategies and provided suggestions for the future operations of mobile payment.

Private information retrieval (PIR) protocols allow a user to retrieve entries of a database without revealing the index of the desired item. Information-theoretical privacy can be achieved by the use of several servers and specific retrieval algorithms. In this paper, we investigate the problem of PIR under erasure-coded distributed storage systems and construct PIR protocols with optimal computational complexity for the servers, reasonable communication complexity, and low storage overhead. The proposed constructions also enjoy the advantages of low encoding complexity and low memory requirement for storing all possible queries for the user. More specifically, we concentrate on the study of using circulant permutation matrices or the zero matrix to construct PIR protocols for noncommunicating servers.

Electrical conductors and electrical equipment were selected according to the mean of annual lowest temperature, and it was of high likelihood to suffer abnormal lower temperature than its designed criterion. Sealing component of Gas Insulated switchgear (GIS) should be designed based on the criterion of minimum temperature, which could avoid the risk of large-area SF6 leakage accidents causing by ultra-design low temperature. Nine stations in Shandong Province were selected as the research objects, and the temperature observation data from 1973 to 2016 were investigated in the manuscript. The risk level of extreme temperature lower than the design criterion was calculated with Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distribution according to the annual minimum temperatures determined by the current regulations. Furthermore, the risk of encountering ultra-design low temperature were also evaluated based on the local historical observation minimum temperature and the minimum design temperature in typical areas, which could provide theoretical support and application reference for optimizing the design temperature of power transmission and transformation equipment.

The detection and tracking of dynamic traffic participants (e.g., pedestrians, cars, and bicyclists) plays an important role in reliable decision-making and intelligent navigation for autonomous vehicles. However, due to the rapid movement of the target, most current vision-based tracking methods, which perform tracking in the image domain or invoke 3D information in parts of their pipeline, have real-life limitations such as lack of the ability to recover tracking after the target is lost. In this work, we overcome such limitations and propose a complete system for dynamic object tracking in 3D space that combines: (1) a 3D position tracking algorithm based on monocular camera and LIDAR for the dynamic object; (2) a re-tracking mechanism (RTM) that restore tracking when the target reappears in camera's field of view. Compared with the existing methods, each sensor in our method is capable of performing its role to preserve reliability, and further extending its functions through a novel multimodality fusion module. We perform experiments in the real-world self-driving environment and achieve a desired 10Hz update rate for real-time performance. Our quantitative and qualitative analysis shows that this system is reliable for dynamic object tracking purposes of self-driving cars.

In this paper, the photovoltaic generation was considered as the only one renewable power source to supply system load of a chemical factory directly. An improved genetic algorithm was applied to determine the optimal location and capacity of newly constructed PV generation systems by considering system loss minimization and improving voltage unbalance through simulation with solar power injected.

Data-driven solutions to detecting power system measurement manipulation rely on thorough understandings of the patterns behind the data. From a probabilistic viewpoint, power system measurements inherently follow multimodal distributions usually with heavy tails. Existing normalization methods, both linear and nonlinear, suffer from some drawbacks when being applied to this kind of distribution. Using inappropriately normalized data to train the detectors may undermine their pattern recognition capability. In this paper, a tradeoff between the linear and nonlinear normalization is investigated to propose a variant of the widely used probability integral transform (PIT) by introducing an approximate linear compensation. When being employed to normalize power system measurements, the socalled desaturated PIT can have a better fidelity towards the measurements collected under infrequent operation conditions. Experiments show that the proposed normalization method is promising in improving the detection performance.

Nowadays, Internet technology is developing rapidly. Everyone has several social network websites (SNS) accounts, and use them frequently. In this paper, we aim on exploring the effects of using social instructional videos and flipped classroom on students' learning achievements in smart campus. We use such flipped classroom-based Facebook as implementing experimental activities in real colleges for finding out students' watching video behaviors on Facebook. The experimental results find that students' watching instructional videos on Facebook is effective on students' learning effectiveness. For more detailed discussion, the results will be discussed in this paper.

Many companies are focusing on reverse logistics (RL) network currently, especially in the growth of e-commerce markets around the world. Due to the convenience and fast delivery of e-commerce service, consumer behavior changes to online shopping. However, each of delivery packed by packaging material, which cause large scale of the packaging material waste. In this paper, we propose two simulation structures and develop the routing selection strategies of them. One structure simulates the full loaded cars whether decrease the cost of distribution. The other structure simulates that recycling of return of packaging material whether is reusable and redistributable. Our results provide useful framework that can benefit e-commerce practitioners for building their RL network.

This paper discusses the performance and reliability of the third generation split-gate flash memory cell (ESF3) successfully embedded in a high performance and low power 28 nm logic process technology. The scaling of the 1.05V select transistor is demonstrated with the excellent program and erase efficiency and the 1M program/erase (P/E) cycle endurance capability. The silicon result of a 4Mb test chip and a 32Mb design will be also be shown.

In the past few years, the multinational chain has risen widely. Facing up to the manpower shortage issue in the market, how to design an integrated efficient and responsive supply chain model to optimize personnel planning and staffing operations, and fulfill diverse requirements of product and service for satisfying customers has become one factor in the modern labor-intensive service industry system. In this study, we propose a framework that satisfying the supporting cooperation among members based on the service skill with the fuzzy clustering and objective function with the penalty evaluation to solve the human resource planning problem within multinational supply chain system. Unlike traditional staff scheduling that merely focuses on reducing the cost, the supporting cooperative framework provides proper integrated platforms for personnel flow in global logistics in respect of the customer service and partnership empathy to achieve the goal of the sustainable operation.

Although generating recipes by computers has the characteristics of convenience, speediness, accuracy and efficiency, the existing template displacement method has certain limitations. However, using genetic algorithm to generate group meal recipes has obvious advantages of artificial intelligence and evolution. This paper solves the optimization of group meal recipes in the newly built library of recipes by constructing a complete recipe generation model, which designs initial coding scheme, generates initial population and constructs fitness function by selected operation, crossover operation and mutation operation.

This paper considers the construction of fractional repetition (FR) codes with flexible storage capacity and repair for distributed storage systems (DSSs). FR codes are the key to constructing a class of distributed storage codes with exact repair by transfer, where, upon failure, a failed storage node is exactly regenerated by simply downloading symbols from the surviving nodes. A major drawback of existing FR codes is that their parameters are not flexible enough to adapt to system changes in DSSs. To address this issue, this paper proposes two constructions of FR codes, called adaptive-and-resolvable FR codes, based on circulant permutation matrices and affine permutation matrices. In the proposed FR codes, the storage capacity per node and repetition degree of the symbols can be varied simultaneously in a simple manner. Some results on the exact file size that can be supported by the proposed FR codes are provided, based on the girth of the corresponding Tanner graph. Furthermore, the proposed FR codes are also shown to meet a Singleton-like bound on the minimum distance for certain parameter ranges.

During major metrologica! events, such as typhoons, a wind turbine will frequently cutout and re-cutin as wind speed fluctuates around the cutout speed. Repeated cutouts can undermine the reliability and the safety of a wind turbine. A dead band of wind speed between cutout and re-cutin speeds can be utilized to prevent frequent cutouts. Although a dead band of wind speed is helpful, it is not efficient because wind speed fluctuates and varies during the occurrence of a typhoon. This paper proposes a combined dead band of wind speed and time to control re-cutins of wind turbines and prevent repeated cutouts. Numerical simulations completed using onsite wind data from a potential wind Farm in Hong Kong indicate that the number of cutouts of a wind turbine has the potential to be reduced by 65% with the proposed approach.

Elementary schools are considered as the important stage for the enlightenment of multiplication. The establishment of the language of multiple and multiplication concepts is the key point of students mathematical learning in this stage. Combining scaffolding with rapidly developing technologies to assist students in achieving higher-level development is the primary task for teachers. Aiming at students needs for multiplication learning, a knowledge-based scaffolding interactive e-book learning system is developed in this study for teaching multiplication. The research results reveal that applying the knowledge-based scaffolding interactive e-book to the multiplication teaching could enhance students multiplication learning outcome, promote the multiplication contextual problem solving, and establish the correct multiplication concepts.

Scientific exhibition in Taiwan has been held by National Taiwan Science Education Center for more than 55 years, more than 15,000 works has been accumulated. It also becomes a famous competition for K-12 students. In order to provide recommendation of research topic to the participating students, domain experts require the growth topic and related industry from the past works. However, with the long history of the scientific exhibition, the domain experts cannot interpret all of the works in the short term. Therefore, through the computer to explore and summarize a large number of works becomes an emerging technology. In this study, we applied text-mining technology, and designed an expert rules as a computer-enabled methodology to explore the correlation between scientific exhibition and industry in the earth science and physics category. In the result, you can observe the computer programming and real estate development industries were the most growing research topic in scientific exhibition.

Through MOOCs and social media platforms, users can share, track, and search for the information of their specific interests. Thus, they can make interactive discussions as well as social media learning on multimedia texts and learning materials. This paper proposes a big data analysis technique on learning portfolio to explore how the interaction, unknown correlations, and hidden patterns among learners on MOOCs and social media platforms starts, and recognize the using big data analytics transforming on students' learning behavior. Therefore, the learning behavior information will be the recommendation of the analogous courses for the instructors in the future.

This paper is concerned with the construction of local parities for optimal locally repairable codes (LRCs) with (r, t)-availability in distributed storage, where a symbol is said to have (r, t)-availability if it can be reconstructed from t disjoint repair alternatives of other symbols, each of size at most r. The key to constructing a family of optimal LRCs with (r, t)-availability that can support a scaling number of parallel reads while keeping the rate to be an arbitrarily high constant is the design of a (0,1)-matrix R, called a membership matrix, for dividing global parities into local ones. Although explicit designs of R are available, it remains unclear whether R with significantly better parameters can be constructed, which was a question left open. To tackle the open problem, this paper first provides a connection between designs of R and a combinatorial object in the well-known combinatorial design theory, called resolvable configurations. This paper then proposes several designs of R based respectively on Euclidean geometry, circulant permutation matrices, and affine permutation matrices, which, to the best knowledge of the author of this paper, are also new to resolvable configurations. The proposed designs of R are shown to have significantly better parameters than those in the literature.

This paper has studied the effects of grating period on the sensitivity of the sub-wavelength Lamellar grating waveguide sensor with TE polarization incidence. Both of the peak wavelength shift and the full wavelength half maximum (FWHM) of the guided mode are investigated. The calculation results show that the smaller period grating layer will induce more guided modes. Comparing the spectrum sensitivity of fundamental mode of different grating period, the peak shift of the larger grating period is more than the smaller one. In other words, larger grating period is a better selection for the use of sensor.

In this paper, we address the issue of unequal missing protection (UMP) for the design of grouping of radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. While relying on group generation matrices, grouping of RFID tags allows verifying the integrity of a collection of RFID tags without the requirement for accessing external systems, and can be extended to identify missing RFID tags. Motivated by application needs that call for UMP among RFID tags, we first introduce the concepts of UMP for grouping of RFID tags and its extended counterpart. We then present a simple scheme to realize extended grouping of RFID tags with UMP. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the efficiencies of the proposed UMP scheme for extended grouping of RFID tags.

In this paper, a Flash macro designed with high-density arrays of split-gate (SG) SuperFlash® cells, compatibly embedded in a 55 nm Low Power (LP) logic process is demonstrated with full functionality and excellent reliability at automotive temperature range. This split-gate Flash memory technology can be seamlessly and universally embedded in multiple logic process platforms, and can continually be scaled to 40 nm and smaller lithographically nodes, without compromising performance and reliability.

Birds plays an essential role in ecosystem as well as human society. This paper presented the design of a short-range, low-power monitoring radar for bird observation. By utilizing the self-injection locked radar architecture and joint frequency-time analysis, the proposed system is able to detect the wing-beat frequency (WBF) from a flying bird at distances up to 18 m. Several experiments are successfully conducted on both bionic birds and real flying pigeons. The development of this radar system shows a great potential in the ornithology study.

This paper proposes an efficient low-complexity polyphase interleaving and inversion (PII) scheme based on enhanced parallel tabu search (TS) for the reduction of peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in space-frequency block-coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (SFBC-OFDM) systems. PII is a technique that can significantly reduce the PAPR of SFBC-OFDM symbols by exchanging SFBC symbols between subcarriers and inverting SFBC symbols. The optimal PII scheme, however, requires an exhaustive search over all combinations of subblockwise PII, whose computational complexity (CC) increases exponentially with the number of subblocks. To reduce the CC while offering low PAPR, this paper formulates the PAPR reduction with the PII technique as a combinatorial optimization problem, and then proposes using enhanced parallel TS to search for an optimal combination of subblockwise PII. Simulation results reveal that the proposed parallel TS-based scheme can have a PAPR only 0.0103 dB higher than that of the optimal PII scheme, while its computation load is only 2.2888% of the optimal one. This demonstrates that the proposed scheme can be an efficient alternative method to significantly reduce the PAPR of SFBC-OFDM signals while enjoying extremely low CC.

Software-defined Networking (SDN) has emerged as the dominant programmable network architecture that separates the control plane from the data plane. SDN allows the network administrators and data centers to efficiently and flexibly manage their networking equipment using software that runs on external servers. SDN adopts OpenFLow protocol to communicate between network switch and controller. In this paper, we first establish a SDN-based cloud computing environment via open source OpenFLow switch and controller packages. Thereafter, we extend the functionality of OpenFLow controller to provide load balancing, power-saving, and monitoring mechanisms. To verify the feasibility of our architecture, we also develop a queueing model for SDN and calculate its analytical solution for the steady-state probabilities. The experimental results show that SDN-based environment can provide QoS guaranteed cloud computing services.

The air quality monitoring has become one of the most important and critical issues as human beings are paying more and more attention to the living quality. Various countries legislate on air quality norm related to the monitoring and measurement standards of air condition. However, most of monitoring stations for air pollution are set up in outdoor and monitor sources of air pollution and global warming gases in big region, neglecting the importance of Indoor Air Quality (IAQ). In this paper, we implement a Total Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) air pollution monitoring system to report value of VOC's concentration in indoor environment. The air pollution monitoring system is with long term monitor and sets up indoor gases Wireless Sensor network (WSN) with the consideration of the cost, development complexity, and the operation convenience. Through experiments and evaluation in the indoor painting environment, we have verified the feasibility of the system and shown the variation of indoor air quality.

This paper proposes a compact Ku band TE21 mode coupler based on coaxial waveguide. This compact coupler takes only half the length of conventional circular waveguide coupler while maintains at least 55dB rejection of unwanted modes and reaches -6.3dB coupling to each of the rectangular waveguide arms in a bandwidth of 700MHz. The coupler can miniaturise the total length of monopulse system which utilizing TE21 mode for self-tracking.

This letter presents the design and implementation of a continuous phase shifter MMIC using a 0.18-μm standard CMOS process. It consists of five stages of reflection-type phase shifter (RTPS), where each stage contains a over-coupling broadside coupler loaded with accumulation-mode MOSFET varactors. The measured maximum phase tuning range reaches 302° at 40 GHz and remains greater than 180° up to 100 GHz. Within 40–100 GHz, the average insertion loss is 13 dB, while the loss variation across the phase tuning range is ±4.3 dB at 40 GHz, and decreases to ± 2.5 dB at frequencies beyond 60 GHz. This chip has a compact size of 0.36×0.5 mm2 and consumes zero DC power.

Hadoop is enjoying popularity for processing data-intensive jobs because of its data locality feature. However, the performance gained from Hadoop's above feature is currently limited by its default block placement policy, which implicitly assumes instances of MapReduce jobs access data from a single file. On the contrary, multi-file queries like indexing query or aggregation query need to process related data from more than one files found on different DataNodes of a cluster. In this paper we proposed a Correlation-based Block Placement (CBP) Algorithm that enhances the performance of these queries by placing related blocks on the same set of DataNodes. Furthermore, we developed a customized InputFormat that enables InputSplits contain records from different files. Simulation results demonstrated that the number of migrating data blocks for CBP was insignificant. On the contrary, for default policy case, the number of migrating data blocks increased significantly with the input dataset size. As a result, for any input dataset size, the performance of CBP exceeded that of the default policy.