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To realize energy conservation and environmental protection, solar street lights have been widely used in urban areas in China. To reasonably and effectively utilize solar street lights, the original street lights must be located, and the solar street light potential must be assessed. The Jilin1-03B (JL1-3B) satellite provides next-generation nighttime light data with a high spatial resolution and in three spectral bands. Consequently, the street lights can be extracted from the nighttime light data. We used the road network dataset from the open street map with a specific buffer to extract the road area as a constraint region. Next, the grayscale brightness of JL1-3B images was obtained by integrating all the three bands to locate the street light by using a local maximum algorithm. Then, the values of the original three bands were utilized to classify the types of street lights as high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps or light-emitting diode lamps. Finally, we simulated the replacement of all the HPS lamps with solar street lights and assessed the corresponding solar energy potential by using the digital surface model data and hourly cloud cover data through the SHORTWAVE-C model. The accuracy of location of the street lights was approximately 90%. Replacing an HPS lamp by one solar street light for 20 years can save 1.85 × 104 kWh of electrical energy, 7.41 t of standard coal, 5.03 t of C emissions, 18.47 t of CO2 emissions, 0.55 t of SO2 emissions, and 0.28 t of NOX emissions.

Nowdays many cities continue to develop facing the advance of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), including Depok City, West Java, Indonesia. Depok city is ready for smart regional readiness as the basis for establishing Depok City as a part of The 100 Smart City Movement government program. The application of Intelligent Street Light is one of the features that will be used to Depok Smart Pole. The lighting sensor is designed using the LoRa network by determining the site capacity and the number usage of site gateways. The LoRa network optimization depends on Bandwidth, Spreading Factor (SF), and Coding Rate (CR) parameters. According to these parameters, the results of this research are five site gateways with a radius of 3Km, and receiver sensitivity is ≤ -127.0dBm at SF-8.

This paper presents a streetlamp control system based on the Bolt IoT platform. The aim of this project is conservation of energy by reducing electricity wastage and to minimize the manpower. The scheme utilizes Light Emitting Diodes (LED) that doesn't take huge amount of power and being directional light sources, it can radiate light in specific direction thereby improving the efficiency of the streetlamps. Using LDR with LED lights the intensity can be controlled. IR sensors utilized on one roadside send signals for the LEDs to get glowing for the next specific section of the road after sensing the density and movement of vehicles. The proposed work has achieved a better performance compared to the existing systems.

Street lights have become part of our everyday life which are becoming smartest. Now a days most of the system are replaced with LED lamps and various technologies like automation and communication based on the sensors in order to make an energy efficient and smart system. This paper provides an optimum solution for the smart functions of the street lights. Green energy harvesting seeks to supply power without a grid connection to electrical or electronic networks. The collection of thermoelectric energy depends primarily on the activity of the thermoelectric generator (TEG). Here, we plan to produce electrical energy from non-biodegradable waste by burning it and also to take energy from piezo electrical sensors. So here, to light the street light, we plan to produce electricity from waste materials, solar, foot power and store electricity in the battery.

This paper presents the design of a smart street lamp system around a football field at King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT). The system utilized the LoRaWAN wireless communication protocol transmit at a distance over 500 meters between multiple LoRa nodes (Heltec Cubecell HTCC-AB01 boards) and a LoRaWAN gateway. By combining LoRaWAN, cloud computing server and Artificial Intelligence technologies. The smart street light system is able to detect 4 object classes (pedestrian, bicycle, motorbike, and vehicle) and control street lamps around the KMUTT football field at night. Multiple IP cameras were place around the football fields and a Nvidia Jetson nano AI board process images information. When AI is detected at least one object class, the smart street lamp will increase the lamp’s brightness to 100%. If no object is detected for a period of time, the lamp’s brightness decreases 50% to save the energy unless more object is detected.

This paper proposes the design of a standalone light emitting diode (LED) photovoltaic street light system for a main road of Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The light poles spacing, height, and the boom angle are kept similar to the existing high-pressure sodium vapor (HPS) lighting system. Furthermore, two type of batteries, Lithium ion and the Lead acid are compared for their suitability for the proposed street light system. The size and rating of the photovoltaic (PV) panel and the charge controller are specified while considering the annual solar radiation in the UAE. Finally, the overall cost of the street light system is estimated.

This study introduces an adaptive street light system based on sensor units that makes the system cost efficient and reduces the power consumption across highways on the basis of traffic conditions and intensity. The main goal of the system is to develop a power saving and efficient street light system and take a initiative towards generating street light poles smart and intelligent using IoT. Enormous use of street lights is consuming large amount of electricity due to their uninterrupted operation all over the night to manage traffic on daily basis. To minimize the large consumption of electricity across highways there must be a technological system that works smart and modify the street light poles based on traffic conditions. This paper is concerned with evolution and implementation of IoT based smart street lights.

This paper aims to presents the result of energy savings in the SLS (Street Light System) of Tirana by using a RCMS (Remote Control and Management System) and high efficiency LED lamps. The findings for energy savings use results of RCMS applied on 25% of outdoor lighting network in Tirana and results of study for overall replacement of existing old technology luminaries with LED's ones. The paper give technical assessment to RCMS that acts on voltage stabilization, luminous flux regulation, uses power reducing equipment for existing traditional technology lamps, and calculate energy savings when RCMS is combined with LED's luminaries. Three different scenarios are analyzed: LED adaption only, RCMS installation for all SLS in Tirana and the combination of both first scenarios. The results has been satisfactory, achieving an saving of about 53.3% for the third scenario with combination of LEDs with RCMS. Based on implementation-running costs and saving results, the RCMS is cost-effective and with a very short payback time of around 2–3 years. It contributes also in the reduction of CO2 emissions.

One of the basic needs of today’s life is electric power. A large amount of electrical power is needed for various maneuvers. Demand on energy has been adopted throughout the world, and traditional methods of generating power have a direct impact on environment. The Shortage of electricity is the big problem for industrial growth as well as rural development. Shortage of electricity has its effects on India’s development and growth, to solve such types of problem development of strong electricity generating techniques with the help of human energy for our better future, which has been unused from million years. Producing electricity in a conventional method impacts the environment. So, by using non-conventional method to produce electricity by utilizing the waste energy generated during pressure applied while walking through piezoelectric tile. The electricity produced is stored in lead acid battery. This stored electricity is used to switch on the street lights automatically during night using Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor and the status of the street light and voltage is displayed on the Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).

Normally, we have the traffic signal lights programmed for a specific interval of moment. But here produce traffic light signals depending on the density of traffic, on the specific moment. Here will keep few IR sensors apart from the highway to monitor the traffic density. The timing of the traffic signals will be altered depending on the signals produced from the sensors. The output of the sensors is provided to a comparator for digitizing the output. This system can be used to find the nearby ambulance services and nearby hospitals using GPS modem so that the necessary treatments can be given to the patient as soon as possible. When the ambulance goes to any traffic signal in an emergency, the key exchange method takes place, i.e. the other signals will be switched off immediately and all other signals will be red and subsequently replaced by green signals. In smart street light system make use of automated system which will automatically control the operation of street lights using LDR and timers. When a person or a vehicle enters the road they are sensed by the IR sensors and the light automatically glows, and when the person leaves the road the lights are switched off automatically. This avoids unnecessary power wastage during the night when there is no sign of pedestrian or vehicles.

Surge protection for LED street light systems connected to AC power system is necessary to prevent damage and increase long life. In this paper, a study on Class-2 AC based LED street light modules of same capacity are carried out wherein one module has compatible surge protection device and the other does not contain compatible protection device. Experimental results show that, choosing proper and compatible SPD while designing the LED controller for AC based street light modules is necessary for surge immunity protection.

In recent years, traffic safety services with road infrastructure such as street lights have attracted many attentions as a new safety service for the pedestrians and vehicles. The street lighting with intelligence for safety service is called smart lamppost and composed of an intelligent edge unit, camera, short range communication device, digital signage, etc. One of the main functions in the smart lamppost is to forward the safety information to the gateway node by an I2I communication system. Due to the nature of safety services, latency and throughput of the wireless mesh network are key performance indicators. There has been lack of research on street light network. In this paper, we analyze the latency and throughput at each node during multi-hop data transmission to the gateway node considering the practical height and location of the street light pole with channel interference and propagation path loss.

This research presents energy conservation of lighting system in an educational organization. The research starts by analyzing the expenses in a year. It is found that the college expense for electricity is the highest approximately 86%. The next is water, internet and phone expense at about 8%, 5% and 1% respectively. The policy of LED replacing is performed. From data, total lighting loads is 55738 W. They consist of 36W tubular florescent about 90.61%, 400W high pressure mercury about 7.18%, 20W compact florescent about 1.40% and 18W fluorescent lamps at about 0.81%. To conserve energy, 18W, 300W, 10W and 9W LED lamps were replacing instead of conventional light. Moreover 90W LED amount of 14 lamps are added to system as street light. From the experimental results, the electrical consumption decreased 14.84% approximately 28330 kWh a year or about 3305 dollar a year. The payback period is 5.56 years.

In this work, the smart solar-powered street light system has been designed and implemented in the laboratory. Optimal sized Lithium-ion battery bank is designed and connected with the street light system to fulfill the objective of efficient utilization of available solar energy. The smart control system is designed to protect the storage system from overcharging and deep discharge conditions. The resonant switched capacitor cell balancer circuit is used to equalize the voltages of series-connected cells in a battery bank during the charging and discharging process. A cost-effective LDR sensor is used to make the decisions based on the solar irradiance level and voltage state of the battery bank. For the maximum utilization of solar power, the MPPT is equipped with the proposed system. To analyze the performance of the proposed system, an 80 W of LED street light has been utilized with 230W of PV panel. The obtained experimental results illustrated that the proposed system is able to store the adequate amount of solar power for the street light during the low irradiance condition.

Streetlights consume a significant amount of electrical power and are one of the major loads on the power grid. Solar powered street lamps can reduce the electrical load on the power grid while providing a clean alternative to nonrenewable sources. However, in most of the implementations the battery state of charge (SoC) and in turn battery health is not usually taken into consideration while designing the street light system and operation. This work proposes a technique to optimize the usage of the solar energy stored in the battery and also maintain the battery's health by tracking road traffic, and thus adjusting the street lamp's brightness according to the SoC and the road traffic.

Existing street light monitoring systems use vehicle-borne sensor platforms, LiDAR etc. which are obtrusive for in-the-wild deployments. In this paper, we propose BikeL; a crowd sensed system to monitor street lighting conditions in a novel approach using smartphone sensors during Bike navigation. We identify the underlying issues and challenges from pilot experiments to make the system phone-invariant, robust, and user-friendly. We used regression models and unsupervised clustering to resolve these issues. We have carried out extensive experiments under various road type illumination scenarios and phones type covering more than 400 km. Over 80 night trips collecting 10,000 functional light pole samples to tune the system parameters. Results show that the overall system successfully detects both functioning and non-functioning light poles with good accuracy (F1 score > 0.85) and can produce uniformly calibrated illumination levels. This viable, economical, and easy to deploy solution can work effectively for under-developed regions of low and middle-economy countries.

This paper proposes the development of intelligent street lights that minimizes the wastage of power by applying the method of reliable smart mangement proposal that is essential for a wealthy lifestyle for upcoming generations living in modern platform. The propsoed model involves three main stages namely maintenence stage, automatic adaptive ON/OFF control stage and prediction of electricity consumption stage. In order to apply this technique, a Wi-Fi module, Light dependent sensor (LDR), accelerometer and ultrasonic sensors are employed. The accelerometer sensor is utilized for identifying the pole inclination and report the emergency condition to control room or user. Then, LDR sensor is employed to turn ON-OFF of street lights with respect to atmosphere intensity level. This switching could be performed using ESP8266 based on the LDR. Ultrasonic sensor helps to sense the presence of any vechicle or person in a specified range, then light glows with 100% brightness else, it is reduced and glow with only with the intensity of 60%. Besides, a predictive model based on imporved bayesian neural netwok (IBNN) model is applied. The need of IBNN model is to report the utilization of the power for a period of specific duration. The propsoed work eliminates the power wastage during night time if there is no vechicle or trespassers passing. Moreover, by applying these three sensors, an intelligent automatic light is developed using IoT frame work that is effective.

This paper presents the way to utilize energy which is wasted when the vehicle passes over the speed breaker, and uses this energy to operate the automatic street light. The main focus in this field of technology is automation, power saving, and cost-effectiveness. Automation is set to reduce manpower with the help of an intelligent system. The main consideration is to save electric power because the traditional sources (Thermal, Hydro, etc.) are getting diminished due to various reasons. The ultimate goal of this project is to generate free energy and utilize it in an automatic street power system with LDR; this is to reduce power consumption. We want to save power by doing this automatically instead of manually. So, it's easy to make cost-effectiveness. So, in cities, towns, villages, etc. we can design an intelligent system for the usage of the street light.

Intelligent Street Lights System based on LED lights is one of the most important concepts in today's life. As now a days world depends on the IoT technologies in different areas. Street lights system will be controlled through IoT technology. In the whole world, enormous energy is consumed by the street lights, which are turned ON automatically all the night. Thus, this will waste a huge energy of the country. The intelligent street light system will work in such a way to turn the LED lights ON when the vehicle is passing through it and when not the LED lights turned OFF. The primary aim of this research paper is to reduce the power energy consumption and cost of the street lights system.This paper presents the intelligent street lights system that is controlled through IOT technology, which is connecting to sensor device "Ultrasonic" and then to microcontroller device using Wi-Fi connectivity. In addition, it will use the cloud services and mobile application to present the information of the system for the system administrator.

This paper presents an Internet of Things (IoT)-based solar powered street lighting system with anti-vandalisation mechanism that focuses on power conservation, energy efficiency, automation and intelligence, as well as vandalisation monitoring and tracking. Specifically, the system is a standalone solar PV system which is self-powered. It automatically switches the street light ON and OFF utilizing the light dependent resistor (LDR) and saves power by utilizing infrared sensor (IR) together with the microcontroller to dim and brighten up the LED as at when required thereby increasing the life span of the lighting module. In addition, the system is designed with a vandalisation monitoring/tracking mechanism and a user interface (UI) where the street light communicates with the people and devices at the control station via Wi-Fi module. This is achieved with the ESP8266MOD Arduino WiFi module which serves as the brain of the system. Also, a 32-bit LED array is the module used for lighting. When the LDR senses darkness, the system automatically turns ON the light to the “FULL BRIGHT” state. During peak hours, from 11pm, when the traffic is decreased, the light switches to the “DIM” state. On sensing vehicular movement, the light switches back to the “FULL BRIGHT” state till the vehicle passes. Subsequently, when the LDR senses enough brightness, the light is switched “OFF”. Also, the system senses the presence of a human (a possible vandal) at odd hours, from 11pm, and turns on an alarm system. It also alerts the person at the control station of a possible theft threat via the Wi-Fi. The system is also able to track the vandal using dual wireless network which is Wi-Fi and GSM via the concept of triangulation. The idea presented in this paper will enable researchers and practitioners to develop smart street lighting systems that can be efficient in power utilisation and at the same time effectively combat vandalisation of street light installations which is very rampant in many part of developing countries like Nigeria.

A significant amount of electrical energy in many countries is consumed in lighting the streets. Actively illuminated street lights over the whole night lead to huge electrical energy consumption and shortening lifetime of the equipment. Savings of energy consumption, while no vehicles are on the street, plays an important role to compensate other declining energy resources. The main focus of this work to design an efficient and energy-saving street lighting system that intuitively turns ON/OFF depending on the availability of vehicles inside its territories. The performance and effectiveness of this work have been vindicated by experimental results manifesting 80.34% of electrical energy savings with better lighting quality and a prolonged lifetime of LED lights.

Internet of things has brought a revolution to the world of connectivity and wireless technology. The main idea is to connect everything by wireless technology. Through Internet of things everything can be linked using different types of sensor designed for different purposes. The main focus of the paper in to propose a system in which the street light can be automated and the data from the street light can be transferred through internet. This smart street light system the lights can be automatically turn on and off according to the environmental situation. In this a light dependent sensor and a humidity & temperature sensor are used to sense the environmental conditions. The street light system would automatically turn on and off if the light intensity in the environment falls or rises above a specified temperature. The humidity and the temperature sensor are used to detect the temperature and humidity of the surroundings so that the colour of the street can be changed to provide a better visibility under some specified weather conditions. The whole system can be powered by an artificial power source, such as solar panels.

Light Emitting Diode (LED) and a more recent technology Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) are candidates for playing a major role in light applications systems. Recent technological advances and cost decrease of LEDs made their application an advantageous choice in commercial spaces and outdoor lighting systems. Although lighting systems powered by photovoltaic (PV) energy, they haven’t been widely used, due to their high upfront cost. But the recent dramatic decrease of PV panels and LED lighting systems, renewed the interest for this technology for street lighting systems in Algeria. This paper presents the design and application of a battery charge controller for PV lighting systems based on LED technology. In this work, a solar PWM controller based on an ATmega32S microcontroller is described along with a boost DC-DC converter design and tests.

Both street lights and surveillance cameras are very important to improve security at night in public places. These two types of facilities are often installed together but working independently with different purposes. With edge computing power, surveillance cameras can also be the eyes of street lights and work smartly to save electrical energy. This work presents a smart street light system that is able to detect pedestrians using surveillance cameras and adjust brightness intelligently. A new algorithm HDCV was developed in order to run human detection offline with limited edge computing resources. The HDCV algorithm employs histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) features to do fast detection and convolution network (CNN) based methods to do verification. The edge computing system was implemented with Raspberry Pi (RPi). The prototype demonstrated the capability to detect pedestrians accurately and resist interferences from animals. The system is estimated to save more than 30% electrical energy.

Multifunctional Intelligent utility poles can increase urban efficiency while reducing energy costs, due to their ability to incorporate electronics, software controls and sensors that can receive and transmit data. This paper presents the design and analysis of an integrated solution for sustainable smart cities ecosystems. The system is comprised of three major components: a smart utility pole, street-lighting and an off-grid photovoltaic systems for powering the solution. Cloud-based Internet of Things (IoT) applications receive, analyze and manage data in real time for controlling and supervising. The system is installed in the Institute of Computing building at the Federal University of Alagoas in the city of Maceio - Brazil and is mainly used to recharge mobile devices, digital signage display totem and street-lighting. The discussion in this paper is based on implementation of a smart system based on IoT to remotely monitor its performance and use cloud storage service for data archiving and long-term backup. The overall result is a cloud based automatic utility pole and street light efficient system, which can be implemented as a standalone off-grid system.

In this era of advancing technology, street lights are the most commonly needed requirement for a common man to commute. Street lights provide safety while a person is walking on the road. While they help a person to safely reach the destination the lights will be ON and it can be turned OFF in a smart way when there are nobody using it. This can be done with the help of advanced sensors, which can effectively determine whether the light should be ON or not. The power of IoT can be used to track and monitor the status of the devices. This paper discusses an efficient and cost-effective way to detect any unusual or strange behavior and an acknowledgment will be sent to the governing body to take the required action.

SmartCity projects growing with the concept of IoT (Internet of Things) and WSN (Wireless Sensor Network) helps to manage assets and resources efficiently. Nowadays air is getting polluted due to industrialization, use of fertilizers and pesticides, urban development, etc. Also seven of the world's ten most polluted cities are in India. A reliable air quality monitoring system followed by required actions helps to limit these adverse effects to a great extent. New studies of energy consumption shows that 18 to 38% of the total energy bill is by street lighting, so this domain needs major attention to increase energy efficiency, by implementing a street light energy saving system. Also the increasing demand for power has led to burning of fossil fuels which in turn adversely effects the environment. The proposed system based on IoT and WSN, implements an efficient street light energy saving system and also gives real time data of air quality so that the authority can manage and take necessary actions to conserve the environment and valuable resources more effectively. With IoT & WSN, intelligent monitoring and management can be achieved. It helps create more efficient and cost effective municipal services and keeping citizens informed and engaged. The existing systems are short range and much power consuming, not suited for sensor nodes in WSN. The proposed system presents a low cost, low power, long range and scalable approach for SmartCity monitoring using LoRa Module based on LoRaWAN protocol which is a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology, which is much more efficient than many existing wireless communication systems. The design of the proposed system includes integrating sensors to the microcontroller, wireless LoRa module for transmitting and receiving sensor values, and ThingSpeak IoT platform for examining and visualizing air quality sensor values which have been uploaded.

The presented work describes an interconnected multi-server IoT network for monitoring and control of smart solar tree. The IoT enabled solar tree is introduced as a smart street light with air quality monitoring capability and has been implemented in the Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani. The presented network is a three-layer architecture with a sensor node at the lowermost layer for collecting the sensor data. The solar tree server above it performs the sampling of the data by triggering the software for sensor node. Upon successful data collection, the tree server communicates the same to the central server which is responsible for aggregation, visualization, storage, analysis and control of all the connected solar trees. The paper also discusses the implementation aspect of the network and presents the collected data from the solar tree. The presented IoT network aims for enhancing the capabilities of the solar tree beyond just a power generation device to an application such as security, surveillance, pollution monitoring and many more. At present, the work discussed is towards self-sustained street light with ambient monitoring capability.

In this study, both the amount of light and the pattern control are focused on the street lamp, which can be managed over the cloud, which reduces energy consumption costs and can be applied according to the location. The proposed lighting unit is designed to be controlled and monitored remotely. The proposed street lighting provides specific lighting according to the lighting area. The lighting amount, position and fault conditions of the lamp can be monitored. Different control strategies have been proposed for various lighting scenarios. It is foreseen that this proposed system will be an innovative solution to existing lighting problems due to its practicality and efficiency.

This paper presents LoRaWAN based smart street lighting control system which allows to control night time street light autonomously with minimum energy consumption. The power saving system is done by using motion detection and illuminance sensor to measure the traffic congestion and illumination level. Every street light has been equipped with LoRaWAN communication modules that sends and receives data with the main server to control LED street light which has illuminance level calculated by DIALux. When autonomously controlling street lighting system, the server system decides which street light should be dimmed according to motion sensors. If no vehicle passes the area for adjusted amount of time, the street light will dim. If any of the vehicle passes the area, the closest street to that area will raise the illumination level to normal level.

This paper implies and demonstrates a unique Smart Autonomous power and switch controlled Led Street Lighting System for Bangladesh. As we live in the age of globalization where streetlights are very much important for a city infrastructure in the crowded regions, the autonomous power and switching of these streetlights can have a huge impact in our electricity usage and minimize the wastage of electricity. Usually street light is needed at the time of sunset until the sunrise, but during peak hours (time 17:00 pm to 20:00 pm), the electricity demand is higher than electricity supply from the National Grid for many under developing countries including Bangladesh as this is the high time of excessive usage of Home Loads like Television, Air-Cooler etc. Proposed herein is a design and practically implementation of a smart autonomous power and switch controlled street light system by using stored solar energy during peak hours and light dependent resistor based energy efficient automatic Streetlight switching rather than the conventional switching operations. Besides temperature sensor and Real time clock (RTC) are being attached to display the updated time and temperature to the nearby passengers of the vehicles and walkers of the street sides. Thus, proper implementation of the proposed system will be able to be a medium for an energy efficient circuit, national grid’s power scarcity minimizer and free cost of energy and high reliability.

Street light management system is one of the smart applications that requires huge energy expenses on developing a smart city infrastructure. A wise street light management method can definitely scale back the street lighting prices. Due to the increasing importance for saving power and proper maintenance results in the development of latest technologies, which allow significant power savings and largest respect for the environment and to reduce the road accidents. This project describes a brand new answer for street light system and major accidents. It consists of wireless technology which can be controlled by a base server by simply sending the information and works according to the weather. The primary motto of this research is to avoid the energy wastage and to save the lives of the individuals from accidents.

The world's total population and the total number of vehicles are increasing day by day. The consumption rate of total power is also rising. Sometimes it becomes a big problem to provide the nation with enough power in underdeveloped or a developing country only because of the high-power consumption by the consumers. It is also observed that the road line continuously consumes a huge amount of electricity, and this amount of electricity can be saved if a controlled process can be operated on the road. In order to save the waste of electricity from the road and to operate street light in a controlled manner, an intelligent lighting system is introduced with a Piezo electricity generator. With the appearance of vehicles or people on the road, the light intensity can be changed in this system. This system also introduces the zebra crossing light to warn a driver at night when a person passes a road using the zebra crossing. This warning from the zebra crossing light can save a person from an accident. Another special feature of this system is the Piezoelectric generator, which provides extra electricity. In this system, several components are used to operate the system properly. Light Dependent Resistor and Ultrasonic sensor are used to control street lights by sensing night and day or by detecting vehicles or pedestrians at night. The lights at the zebra crossing point are controlled by a Passive Infrared Resistor. All these features of this system will provide an uninterrupted supply of electricity as this system can make a major contribution in saving a country's most needed energy.

Vehicle headlights high beam cause's danger during night time because most of the drivers use high beams during driving. This causes a glare effect to the driver in the opposite direction for a short period of time. This leads to accidents and another problem during night times is the wastage of power in streets since continuously the street lights are turned ON. This may generates a power crisis for future generation. To avoid these problems we are proposing, vehicle headlight automation with smart energy management system this takes care both the problems. The proposed system uses a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) sensor for sensing high beam of opposite vehicle and inputs to Aurdino UNO to take a decision to dim the high beam. This technique completely avoids both the drivers from glaring effect. The smart energy management system placed in electric poles controls the electric power consumptions and avoids manpower. The smart energy management system with PIR sensor detects the movement of vehicle or any object on street and turns ON only a particular street light ahead of vehicle or object, and switches OFF the light as the vehicle or object moves which saves the energy. As soon the sun rises, light is sensed by LDR and automatically switches OFF street lights.

Due to rapid urbanization, the pollution and global warming are increasing at very higher rate. The greenery must maintain to minimize the effect of pollution and global warming. The management of waste should done in an efficient manner. Water level of the nearby rivers should monitor frequently to ameliorate the effect of floods. Smart street light systems are required to reduce the wastage of electricity. This research work proposes a development of novel IOT based application called twilio, which implemented using ROS. It facilitates the central processing unit to monitor and control the various sensor modules and send appropriate alerts to the mobile phone through SMS service. In this research work, we are automating watering greeneries, minimizing the wastage of water, monitoring the waste in dustbins, sending alerts during the emergencies like floods and fire accidents and implementing the smart street light system using SMS service.

Smart city is expressed in many different ways by people today. In recent years, smart cities and green technology have become one of the most important and promising items on the world agenda to prepare a better future. The concept of smart city has received great interest in the context of urban development policies. The goal of a smart city is to better use public resources while improving the quality of services provided to citizens while reducing the operational costs of public administration. In this study, wireless sensor networks for smart cities are developed based on smart street light applications. The street lights are equipped with wireless sensor kits to monitor the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide information of the environment and to monitor the changes in the regions. In addition, the mobility of the environment is analyzed with the camera attached to each sensor kit. The sensor kit was developed using Raspberry pi programming card. A sensor kit for this card has been developed. A wireless sensor network has been created by adding Xbee wireless modules on the sensor kit. The obtained data is collected in a database. The collected data is displayed to the user through an interface.

Today’s modern world people preferred to live the sophisticated life with all facilities. The science and technological developments are growing rapidly to meet the above requirements. With advanced innovations, Internet of Things (IoT) plays a major role to automate different areas like health monitoring, traffic management, agricultural irrigation, street lights, class rooms, etc., Currently we use manual system to operate the street lights, this leads to the enormous energy waste in all over the world and it should be changed. In this survey we studied about, how IoT is used to develop the street lights in the smart way for our modern era. It is an important fact to solve the energy crises and also to develop the street lights to the entire world. In addition, with the study on smart street lighting systems we analyzed and described different sensors and components which are used inIoT environment. All the components of this survey are frequently used and very modest but effective to make the unswerving intelligence systems.

This research paper is to explain a proposed Solar Street Light (SSL) design towards energy efficiency development for managing facility planning. Street lighting is an indispensable public service that provides a safer environment at night time to commuters as well as pedestrians. However, the Conventional Street Light (CSL) is not without some challenges, such as high energy consumption and cases of electrocution. Therefore, in light of the problems, this research is aimed at developing a new framework for producing a modern design of SSL. Some of the significant technical requirements and procedures for the development were discussed, which is comprised of LED street lamp chip, lamppost, solar panel, battery and controller. Also, a detailed comparison between the two types of street lighting was explored in the study - that SSL has the potentials of saving 64.7% of total cost compared to CSL. Some of the significant benefits of SSL are self-generation of power, which save energy thereby controlling issues related to environmental pollution. One of the uniqueness of SSL is its DC 12V working voltage, stability as well as human safety, as there are zero electrocution possibilities. This study thus proposed a framework of the 30m separation distance between street light poles, 9m height, light control system, 90W LED lamp, 5.4kWh volume of rechargeable battery, and 2 square feet of solar panel.

The proposed system uses a smart street light which are weather adaptive. The project is implemented by embedding a smart system which controls the automatic switching of the street lights. The system switches ON the street light automatically during the night time and is switched OFF during the day time. Manual work is not done here since the ON/OFF is done automatically. The authorized person can access the switch through internet anywhere and at anytime. At the top of the street a camera is placed in order to capture the footages and track the actions that are been taking place. These footages are sent to the server through internet. In addition to the camera, a panic button is being placed on the pole, in case of any emergencies the person can press the panic button which triggers an alarm to the nearby police stations about the current situation. Whenever the panic button is pressed, the current footages that are taken by the camera are sent immediately to the nearby police station, for them to view the incident’s spot. All the area street lights are connected to the nearby police station which can be accessed through the cloud services. Thus, this system ensures safety and energy consumption.

Currently, enormous amount of electrical power is being used by street lights, which remain switched ON throughout the night. This causes a huge wastage of electrical power across the whole world and it should be minimized. The main purpose of implementing automatic street lights is that lights will switch ON with full intensity only when there are vehicles or pedestrians on the road and remain off otherwise. The street lights can be powered by the electrical energy generated through the pressure applied by footsteps and vehicles. So we don't need to provide power to the street lights separately. The automatic street light system comprises of DC lights, lux meter, PIR sensors, piezoelectric sensors, LDR and ultrasonic sensor. Our main purpose is to make such a street light system in which intensity of street lights increases when a car comes closer to it and decreases when it moves away from the light pole.

In the present era, Wi-Fi is the most useful wireless communication. It works on the basis of the radio wave spectrum. Radio waves are very harmful. To overcome these and to increase bandwidth, efficiency, and speed, a new technology LI-FI is developing. LI-FI stands for light fidelity. It is also a wireless communication but instead of radio waves it sends data through LED light bulbs it uses light as a medium, whose intensity varies is faster than human eye focus. It transmits data at a high speed i.e 1000 times faster than WIFI. Since the LED light bulbs are low-cost it has many applications to explore, as public internet access through street light and auto-piloted cars that communicate through their headlights. In this paper, it focuses on to develop LIFI technology. In the future the smartphones, laptops, tablets can transmit data through the light in a room.

In day to day life electricity has been an area of concern worldwide. There are not much sources for non-renewable sources and most of the power generation stations, they are based on fuels that are conventional. In order make ourselves independent of these sources of energy, it is recommended that we proceed on to the new and renewable power sources like solar and wind. We can also make effective utilization of the conventional and non-renewable sources for a proper usage of electricity, so that we do not run into shortage of power. Street lights are one of the consumable sources of electricity that are essential parts of the day to day life. The conventional street lighting systems require manual operation and also consume a large amount of power as they are in powered on condition from evening to early morning. The conventional manual operated street lighting systems consume a large amount of power, need manual operators and heavy cost on installation which has been a great disadvantage and an area of major concern. The costs of energy can be reduced immediately to 35% through intelligent on/off mechanism and targeted progressive dimming and organized way of power consumption. We can reduce the overall consumption costs up to 42% by proper maintenance.The proposed approach uses an energy effective approach that controls the street lights by automatically switching them when there are people or vehicles around the post when it is dark. The smart street lighting system is so flexible and it consists of various sensors and a controller which make it as an intelligent street lighting system. Thus it overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional Street Lighting System.

Streetlight that emits too much light or shines when and where it’s not needed is wasteful. Wasting energy has huge economic and environmental consequences. Automated street light management system is needed to resolve this problem. This study aims to develop an energy management methodology applied in the streetlights of a school campus. The study is a street lighting that has the dimming capability to minimize the cost of energy consumption. The LED light will illuminate when an object is detected. Raspberry Pi and Pi camera module were used to control the dimming of the LED lights. Furthermore, it has the capability of detecting objects like people walking in the streets. The object detection was made possible in identifying human from other objects using computer vision technique. Dimming capability of streetlight has proven that it can minimize power consumption of electricity.

Adequate illumination of city streets during night hours is essential to ensure road safety. However, even for developed cities, monitoring streetlights still remain a tedious task that relies on manual inspection reports. Existing systems mostly rely on vehicle-mounted camera or sensors fitted at every light post that is not cost-effective and scalable. In contrary, in this paper, we develop a novel cost-effective system LiSense to monitor illumination levels of street lights and detect as well as localize malfunctioning light posts. The system utilizes ambient light and GPS sensors and uses crowdsourcing. Sensor trails collected by our App from 2-wheeler covering 160 km suburban city road detects all malfunctioning street lights more than 96% in accuracy with a mean localization error of 6 meters. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first of its kind approach to monitoring street light condition which is cost-effective, scalable and suitable for developing regions.

This paper is about a smart lighting system that can control the street light efficiently by using sensors to dim and brighten whenever it is required. This system is based on the concept of IoT(Internet of Things). It helps to reduce the number of accidents that takes place on the roads and also saves a lot of power and electricity. It increases safety and provides more efficiency. It also provides a safe environment for the pedestrians during the night time by lighting up the place.

SPV based LED Streetlight has advantages over other conventional lighting systems as no power conversion is needed. LED work on DC and energy optimization is possible by controlling the duty cycle of the LED driver. The components of Solar Fed LED Street lighting system are SPV array, MPPT, dc-dc converter and battery unit. In this paper, the intensity of solar fed Street light is controlled from traffic hours to non-traffic hours which results in saving the electricity consumption. A hybrid street light model is also designed and developed. The simulation studies are performed in Matlab-Simulink environment.

The main consideration in the present field technologies are automation, power consumption, and cost-effectiveness. Automation is intended to reduce manpower with the help of intelligent systems. The use of renewable sources of energy is crucial because sources of energy are limited whereas energy consumption has increases. By using the renewable energy, it can facilitate the high power demand. The project aims to describe a method for modifying street light illumination by using sensors at a minimum electrical energy consumption. When presence is detected, all surrounding street lights glow at their brightest mode, else they stay in the dim mode. LED bulbs shall be implemented as they are better than conventional incandescent bulbs in every way. Coupled with Solar Smart LED Street Light System, massive energy-savings are envisioned. Also, a demonstration with a real-time prototype model involving costs and implementation procedure has been developed using internet of things (IOT) to visualize the real-time updates of street processing occur.

Benefits of the dimmable LED luminaires are well known: energy savings due to avoiding non-permissible energy over consumption as result of the assumed maintenance factor (MF), which the designer uses to guarantee sufficient lighting of the respective object, with the assumption that the LED luminaries during their life span reduce their output; prolonged LEDs life due to less heat load during dimming; energy savings when applying the appropriate night lighting regime associated with changing the street light class. The paper presents the results of experiments with LED drivers, aimed to select appropriate levels of dimming. It has been observed, that with increased dimming "depth", the power factor is deteriorating and the financial sanction of the respective utility company may overreach the economic effect of the dimming. The "deep" diming may cause the LED drivers to generate harmonics. The harmonic content in the supply current may result in other equipment interference.

This paper describes an experiment that uses software tools for Multi-Processor Systems-On-Chip (MPSoC) design to create networks of smart street lights.We first discuss the main features of the DAEDALUS design flow and the optimization framework SESAME. Then we present a graphical user interface (GUI) application that converts the street light network design parameters into a format suitable for the DAEDALUS framework. Finally we outline the benefits of this approach to designing smart street light networks.