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The prospect of global warming has seen the world's transition towards zero carbon energy sources. Amongst the renewable energy technologies, solar photovoltaic (PV) and wind are the most mature. This paper discusses the modeling of on-grid solar PV system without battery storage along with its performance analysis. In the latter part of the paper, economic feasibility and the reduction in carbon emissions from the project are also calculated. The calculations and analysis discussed in the paper are performed for head office building of Jubilee Life Insurance Company Limited, located in Karachi, Pakistan. The city has longitude of 25°N and latitude of 67°E.

The shortage of electricity in Pakistan raises the need for energy conservation by the use of energy efficient devices. The lighting loads account for almost 20% of the total worldwide energy consumption. With the advancement in lighting technologies, LED lights have become popular over the past few years; this paper discusses the energy savings that would result if all the existing CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lights) are replaced with LED (Light Emitting Diode) lights, the calculations have been done for a commercial building, the head office of the Al-Baraka Bank private Limited (ABPL). The article also covers the financial analysis for the calculation of payback period for the initial investment that will cover the cost of replacement.