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Transcutaneous oxygen and carbon dioxide provide the status of pulmonary gas exchange and are of importance in diagnosis and management of respiratory diseases. Though significant progress has been made in oximetry, not much has been explored in developing wearable technologies for continuous monitoring of transcutaneous carbon dioxide. This research reports the development of a truly wearable sensor for continuous monitoring of transcutaneous carbon dioxide using miniaturized nondispersive infrared sensor augmented by hydrophobic membrane to address the humidity interference. The wearable transcutaneous CO2 monitor shows well-behaved response curve to humid CO2 with linear response to CO2 concentration. The profile of transcutaneous CO2 monitored by the wearable device correlates well with the end-tidal CO2 trend in human test. The feasibility of the wearable device for passive and unobstructed tracking of transcutaneous CO2 in free-living conditions has also been demonstrated in field test. The wearable transcutaneous CO2 monitoring technology developed in this research can be widely used in remote assessment of pulmonary gas exchange efficiency for patients with respiratory diseases, such as COVID-19, sleep apnea, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Fluorescence Molecular Tomography (FMT) is a promising optical tool for small animal imaging. The $\ell _{1/2}$ -norm regularization has attracted attention in the field of FMT due to its ability in enhancing sparsity of solution and coping with the high ill-posedness of the inverse problem. However, efficient algorithm for solving the nonconvex regularized model deserve to explore. Method: A Half Thresholding Pursuit Algorithm (HTPA) combined with parameter optimization is proposed in this paper to efficiently solve the nonconvex optimization model. Specifically, the half thresholding iteration method is utilized to solve $\ell _{1/2}$ -norm model, pursuit strategy is used to accelerate the process of iteration, and the parameter optimization scheme is designed to obtain robust parameter. Results: Analysis and assessment on simulated and experimental data demonstrate that the proposed HTPA performs better in location accuracy and reconstructed fluorescent yield in less time cost, compared with the state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms. Conclusion: The proposed HTPA combined with the parameter optimization scheme is an efficient and robust reconstruction approach to FMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image forensics with the presence of an adversary, such as the interplay between the sensor-based camera source identification (CSI) and the fingerprint-copy attack, has attracted increasing attention recently. In this paper, we propose a framework of CSI game with both complete information and incomplete information. A noise level-based counter anti-forensic method is presented to detect the potential fingerprint-copy attack, and unlike the state-of-the-art countermeasure of the triangle test, it does not need to collect the candidate image set. With the existence of countermeasure, a rational forger needs to balance the tradeoff between synthesizing source information and leaving new detectable evidence of raising the noise level of a forged image. The mixed-strategy other than the sequential-move assumption is adopted to solve the games. The Bayesian game is introduced to address the information asymmetry in practice. The Nash equilibrium of both the complete information game and Bayesian game are theoretically analyzed, and the expected Nash equilibrium payoff of a Bayesian game is obtained. Nash equilibrium receiver operating characteristic curves are adopted to evaluate the detection performance. Simulation results show that the information asymmetry can remarkably affect the final detection performance. To our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt in analyzing a Bayesian forensic game with practical information asymmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Landsat 5 mission is in jeopardy. Therefore, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) is exploring ways to alleviate a data gap if both Landsat 5 and 7 missions fail prior to the planned launch of Landsat 8 (known as the Landsat Data Continuity Mission) in 2013 [Randy, 2012]. Using the Chinese HJ1-CCD remote sensing data, analyses were performed on the spectral signature of these two different sensors to investigate the substitution of existing sensors for Landsat 5 TM in certain fields of research. In particular, a comparison was made between Landsat 5 TM and the HJ1-CCD in terms of orbital parameters, imaging features and spectral response characteristics, among other characteristics. Thereafter, a comparative analysis was performed on the “at-satellite” reflectance of nine pairs of remote sensing images of different land cover in China, and a mutual quantitative relationship was established. The results indicate that Landsat 5 TM and HJ1-CCD have similar orbital parameters, and the latter has a higher time resolution with advantages in its breadth and the quantity of sensors, although both have the same spatial resolution. Regarding the imaging and spectral response characteristics, although the at-satellite reflectance of HJ1-CCD is different from that of Landsat 5 TM for red, green, blue and near infra-red bands, there is still a broad correlation between HJ1-CCD and Landsat 5 TM, and the coefficient of determination approaches unity. Therefore, a mutual complementation and substitution of the at-satellite reflectance between HJ1-CCD and Landsat 5 TM images is feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]