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A noninvasive sensor device is realized combined with microfluidic channel and optical fibers. The optical functions can be combined using the optical fiber. The bio-samples of cells in water is trapped being on the optical path. In addition to the transmission spectrum of the static signal, the time dependent response against the mechanical stimulation is measured.

We systematically investigate the effect of chromatic dispersion on supercontinuum generation in tellurite all-solid hybrid microstructured optical fibers. Highly coherent and broad supercontinuum from the near to mid-infrared region can be generated in the designed fibers.

We report an all-fiber dual-wavelength dual-comb mode locked fiber laser based on a Sagnac fiber loop mirror. Two asynchronous mode locked pulse trains with repetition rate difference of 218 Hz was realized.

Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a nonlinear effect in the media which can transfer a fraction of power from one optical field to another and whose frequency is downshifted by an amount determined by the vibrational modes of the medium [1, 2]. When Raman gain of the optical fiber is high and pump power into it is sufficient, cascaded SRS effect can be achieved [3, 4]. In this paper, a low-loss chalcogenide optical fiber was designed and fabricated based on A S -S glass, and a 16 m long fiber was experimentally used to enhance Raman gain for boosting cascaded SRS generation. A nanosecond laser at ∼1545 nm was used as the pump source and mid-infrared cascaded SRS up to eight orders was observed.

We report a tellurite all-solid hybrid microstructured fiber with ultra-small chromatic dispersion fluctuation which has the potential as mid-infrared fiber optical parametric amplifier medium.

Mid-IR supercontinuum generation has attracted lot of attention in recent years because many unique molecular absorption bands exist in this region [1], Additionally, mid-IR supercontinuum light sources are expected to have potential applications including bio-photonic diagnostics, nonlinear spectroscopy, and infrared imaging [2–4], For high-spatial-resolution imaging a spatially coherent supercontinuum light source is desirable. The optical fiber is the promising medium for the design and development of a highly spatially coherent mid-IR light source with the high brightness. Earlier, the broadband mid-IR supercontinuum generation has been reported using the optical fibers in different materials including tellurite, and chalcogenide, but, its coherence property has not demonstrated extensively. Recently, our group has demonstrated coherent mid-IR supercontinuum generation in step-index tellurite, tapered tellurite, and chalcogenide double clad fibers pumped with femtosecond laser [5–7].

It is significant to improve the bandwidth of supercontinuum (SC) and the spectral flatness by more than one wavelength pumping. The broadband spectrum generation by induced phase modulation (IPM) in optical fiber was investigated by Yamashita et al. [1]. Schreiber et al. investigated the SC generation in PCFs by femtosecond single and dual wavelength pumping [2]. In this work, we investigate the SC generation by triple wavelength pumping in a silica photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs). This is the first investigation on the SC generated by different pump wavelengths up to three experimentally. The SC by triple wavelength pumping has wide spectral range and excellent flatness.

We demonstrate multiple dispersive waves emitted by multiple solitons in a birefringence tellurite microstuctured optical fiber. Obvious multiple soliton self-frequency shifts are observed in the mid-infrared region.

An optical parametric amplifier has been demonstrated by using a 3-m-long tellurite microstructured fiber as the gain medium. Due to the highly nonlinear property, a maximal peak gain of 90.2 dB has been achieved in the S band.

Tunable all-optical fine control of pulse width via doublet Brillouin gain lines was demonstrated in a short 204-m-long nonlinear single-mode tellurite fiber. Gaussian pulse shaping with a compression ratio ranging from 1.17–0.27 was achieved after the input square pulse was amplified by the modulated Brillouin gain in this tellurite fiber.

The oleate-capped α-NaYF4:Nd3+ nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized via solvothermal method. By a ligand exchange method, the oleate-capped NCs could be changed to citrate-capped samples which can be dispersed in polar solvents. By the relation between the measured emission lifetime and effective refractive indices of the composites containing NCs, the local field effect was investigated. It was found that the preferable model would change from the real cavity model to virtual cavity model when the particle size reduced to 6 nm in nonpolar solvent system, but the preferable model kept being real cavity model in polar solvent system.

The micro-channel device for passing the supercontinuum light across the liquid channel is developed. For the accurate alignment of the optical fibers, the bias spring with the reversely tapered profile is newly introduced realizing the high transmission ratio. Infra-red absorption spectrum is measured for obtaining the molecular information. When the water is introduced in the liquid channel, the characteristic absorption peak is clearly confirmed.

We have demonstrated ultra broadband supercontinuua in tellurite glass and fluoride glass samples through filamentation. The supercontinuua approach the whole transparent range of the samples.

Dynamic lightwave propagation control in all-solid soft-glass photonic bandgap fibers due to the optical Kerr effect is proposed in the paper. The core can be made from different soft glass, such as tellurite and chalcogenide glass, in order to produce the propagation wavelength region shift. So it can be used for different wavelength region transmission.

Er3+/Yb3+ codoped LiYF4 nano/microcrystals were controllable synthesized via a facile solvothermal method. Based on the emission spectra and quantum efficiencies under 976 nm pumping, size-dependent upconversion luminescence was studied.

Dynamic lightwave propagation control in all solid photonic bandgap fibers made of tellurite and chalcogenide glasses by refractive index changes due to the optical Kerr effect is proposed in the paper.

New prospect of soft glass, such as tellurite and chalcogenide glass, highly nonlinear microstructured optical fibers for supercontinuum generation and nonlinear applications including all-optical control of group velocity dispersion are presented.

A simple tellurite photonic bandgap fiber which has only one array of high-index rings in the cladding is proposed and fabricated in the paper. The core and cladding with the low index are made from the TZNL glass and the high-index rings are made from the TLWMN glass.

A new way to suppress stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) by using an all-solid chalcogenide-tellurite photonic bandgap fiber (CT PBGF) is presented in the paper. The compositions of the chalcogenide and the tellurite glass are As2Se3 and TeO2-ZnO-Li2O-Bi2O3. Light and acoustic wave are confined in the fiber by photonic bandgap (PBG) and acoustic bandgap (ABG) mechanism, respectively [1].

Summary form only given. Chalcogenide glass has great advantages because of their wide transmission window and high nonlinearity in the mid-infrared (MIR) region. Many works about supercontinuum (SC) generation in As-Se or As-S fibers have been demonstrated. In this paper, we demonstrate the SC generation in a 1.3 cm suspended-core As2S3 microstructured optical fiber (MOF) experimentally. The SC range changed with different pump wavelengths from 2200 to 2600 nm, corresponding to the dispersion from the normal to anomalous region. The SCs could extend to longer than 4 μm with the pump wavelengths close to the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW). The SCs were simulated by the generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation.

Summary form only given. The generation of optical supercontinua in the mid-infrared region and especially their expansion beyond the intrinsic limit dictated by fused silica is currently a subject of high interest. Tellurite and chalcogenide glasses have serious advantages because of their wide transmittance window which can reach more than 10 μm while the Kerr nonlinearity can be 500 times stronger than fused silica. These different features make them serious candidates for broad mid-infrared supercontinuum generation. For example, supercontinuum as broad as 4000-nm bandwidth has been generated in a sub-cm long Tellurite microstructured fiber by Domachuk et al. in ref. [1] by means of a femtosecond regime pumping. In this work, two kinds of soft-glasses, Tellurite and As2S3 chalcogenide suspended-core fibers with nearly 3-μm core diameter have been designed and pumped in their anomalous dispersion regime by means of an optical parametric oscillator delivering 200-fs pulses between 1700 and 2500 nm [2]. Figure 1a shows the resulting supercontinua obtained at the output of a 40-cm long sample of our tellurite fiber characterized by a 3.4-μm triangular core size. The nonlinear coefficient was evaluated to γ = 175 W-1.km-1, linear losses to 1.5 dB/m at 1550 nm and the zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) was measured near 1660 nm. The pump wavelength was fixed to 1745 nm and resulting spectra have been recorded as a function of injected power. The broadest 112-mW supercontinuum is characterized by a 2000-nm bandwidth, corresponding to almost 2 octaves and is remarkably flat (a 1900-nm span contained in a -20 dB range). Figure 1b presents the corresponding numerical simulations, which reproduce quite well the dynamics highlighted during our experiments [2]. Figure 2a illustrates the experimental results obtained from a 45-mm long sample of our 3.2-μm suspended-core chalcogenide fiber. The nonlinear Kerr coefficient was estimated to U = 1175 W-1.km-1, linear losses to 1 dB/m at pump wavelength and a ZDW close to 2330 nm. Figure 2a shows the resulting spectrum for a pump wavelength of 2300 nm and an injected power of 70 mW. The supercontinuum extends from 1200 nm to 3200 nm in the -20 dB range. Note however that large residual OH absorption bands are clearly visible around 2.9 μm and beyond 3.2 μm and thus limiting supercontinuum expansion. Taking into account these extra losses, the corresponding numerical simulations illustrated in Fig. 2b are in good agreement with our experimental recordings.

In this work, the synthesis and optical properties of Er3+-doped LiYF4-bisphenol A ethoxylate diacrylates (BPAEDA) nanocomposite is reported. The polymer BPAEDA showed broad transparency range centered at 1550 nm which is confirmed by the absorption spectrum. Under the excitation of a 978 nm laser, the optically transparent Er3+-doped LiYF4-BPAEDA nanocomposite showed intense and broad emissions in S+C+L band.

Summary form only given. A novel seven-core multicore tellurite fiber (MCTF) is proposed and fabricated in the paper. Each core with high index is made of 70TeO2-8Li2O-19WO3-1MoO3-2Nb2O5 (TLWMN, mol%) glass and can be considered as a single channel. The background with low index is made of 70TeO2-20ZnO-5Na2O-5La2O3 (TZNL, mol%) glass. Compared with the single-core tellurite fiber, this fiber has novel chromatic dispersion with two zero-dispersion wavelengths (ZDWs) at 1.86 μm and 2.16 μm.

Infra-red absorption spectrum is measured for obtaining the molecular information. The device has the crossing of the supercontinuum light path and the liquid trench. When the water is introduced in the liquid channel between the optical fiber, the characteristic absorption peaks are confirmed.

The quasi-CW supercontinuum from 1200 to 2260 nm is demonstrated in a HNLF pumped by the sub-microsecond pulse with the low peak power of 17.8 W. The 20 dB bandwidth of 922 nm is obtained.

A novel cluster-core tellurite microstructured optical fiber which possesses high nonlinearity and supports high-power pumping is presented in this paper. When the light transmits in this fiber, it will be coupled from seven cores into a single one.

Elaboration of low-losses highly non linear chalcogenide optical fibers for the generation of efficient non linear effects in the infrared remains a challenge. In recent years, much work has been devoted to the study of microstructured optical fibers (MOFs) with different designs and various elaboration processes. Their background losses were typically of several dB/m.

Microstructured fibers for mid-infrared supercontinuum generation are developed using tellurite glasses. We demonstrate low threshold single-mode supercontinuum generation by using a nanowire with long suspended struts under the pump of a picosecond fiber laser.

Highly nonlinear fibers have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in many fields, such as pulse compression, supercontinuum (SC) generation and wavelength conversion [1–3]. In order to enhance nonlinear effect, air holes were introduced in microstructured optical fibers (MOFs). Chromatic dispersion which is important for nonlinear processes can also be engineered by air hole design. However, it is known that it is difficult to control the chromatic dispersion of pure tellurite MOFs with high freedom due to its large material dispersion [3]. One solution to overcome this technical issue is to use tellurite composite microstructured optical fiber (CMOF). Figure 1 shows structure of tellurite CMOF designed in this work and its calculated chromatic dispersion. The result indicates the fiber with core diameter (d core ) 1.5 µm, air hole diameter (d hole ) 0.54 µm, pitch 1.21 µm and refractive index difference between core and clad (Δn) 0.1 at 1550 nm, has very flat chromatic dispersion in a wide range near ZDW. We have prepared a novel tellurite CMOF by rod in tube and fiber drawing method for the first time.

We studied Raman response in highly non-linear micro-structured chalcogenide fibres. Determining the optical properties and Raman gain of glasses we evaluated the performance of the fibers using generalized nonlinear Schrodinger equation.

We propose a tellurite/phosphate composite microstructured optical fiber with high nonlinear coefficient and flattened dispersion at telecommunication wavelengths to realize efficient parametric frequency conversion and supercontinuum generation.

An analytical description of the Raman response function of tellurite fiber is provided. The Raman contribution factor f R of 0.51 and Raman time constant of 8.07 fs are obtained from the Raman gain spectrum.

Tellurite air-clad fibers with small hexagonal core and controlled dispersion were fabricated. Dependences of supercontinuum generation, pumped by picosecond pulse, on the microstructure and dispersion of these fibers were demonstrated for the first time.

We demonstrate widely tunable green (528∼542 nm) third harmonics and near infrared (1228∼1867 nm) soliton (or dispersive wave) source generation in tellurite microstructure fibers.

We present the design for the chalcogenide nanofiber coated with a thin finite tellurite cladding. The effects of the thickness of the tellurite coating on the dispersion and the nonlinearity of the nanofiber are studied.

We report what we believe to be the first demonstration of the second, third harmonics and flattened supercontinuum generation in tellurite microstructure fibers pumped by a 1557 nm femtosecond fiber laser.

In this paper, we demonstrate a widely tunable passively mode-locked fiber laser covering the C or L band with carbon nanotube films. Our results show that the saturable absorber incorporating nanotubes (SAINT) has potential for constructing widely tunable passively mode-locked fiber laser.

Tellurite glasses are known as one of highly nonlinear fiber materials. We shows new potential of tellurite fibers as lightwave signal processing media by demonstrating applications of stimulated Raman and Brillouin scattering, and supercontinuum generation.

Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) can amplify the light propagating in a direction opposite to the pump light. It has many applications such as optical amplification, lasing, optical fiber sensor, optical phase conjugation, slow light generation and stored light. In the case of slow light generation via SBS, tunable all optical delay lines via SBS using an optical fiber have been demonstrated [1], which shows that SBS delay line is a promising candidate for all-optical buffers in optical communication system. For all the Brillouin slow light systems, time delay is always accompanied by the pulse distortion. To reduce the pulse distortion effects, Brillouin slow light system based on doublet gain lines was suggested by Stenner et al [2]. Very recently, Schneider et al [3] reported zero-broadening Brillouin slow light in an optical fiber while accompanying with large pulse distortion.

We demonstrate a widely tunable ring-cavity tellurite fiber Raman laser covering the S+C+L+U band. A high optical signal-to-noise ratio of over 60 dB for almost all the tunable range is also obtained.

We report what we believe to be the first demonstration of flat supercontinuum generation expanding from 1000 to 2100 nm from a microstructure tellurite fiber pumped by a tunable ultrafast laser source.

The energy transfer coefficients for Tb3+-Yb3+-codoped silicate glasses was obtained by a rate equation model. The proposed model can be used to understand the amplification properties in the 0.54 mum band under the 0.98 mum pumping.

Group velocity dispersions of air and borosilicate cladding chalcogenide As2S3 nanofibers are calculated and compared. Zero flattened dispersion can be tailored around telecommunication wavelength, 1.5 mum, by proper cladding material and the nanofiber core diameter.