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Robotic cell micromanipulation that is designed for delicate operation has brought new prospects for enhancing cell developmental potential. However, mechanical damage of cells during robotic micromanipulation cannot be ignored such that it compromises the effort of the system in improving cell viability. Therefore, cell damage assessment is particularly important, but also a great challenge due to the complexity of the composition of a cell and its functions. In this paper, a novel cell damage assessment method was proposed, relying on the sensing of mitochondrial micron-scale displacement and intracellular strain. Mitochondria in living cells were stained and used as physical markers to avoid the shortcomings of introducing physical markers into cell body. We designed a quantitative marker to characterize cell mechanical damage during the penetration process. The experimental result shows that the high-strain damage is intensified as the penetration proceeds. The maximum displacement and mean displacement were respectively 3.87 pixels ( $2.42\mu m$ ) and 0.78 pixels ( $0.49\mu m$ ). The maximum strain and mean strain were respectively 0.107 and 0.0143 between two adjacent frames with the micropipette speed of $10\mu m/s$ . The maximum displacement measurement error was from 0.294 before optimization to 0.065 after optimization. The quantitative damage marker was sufficiently sensitive to sense the different levels of damage at different time sequences. At the penetration proceeds, the value of such marker at the high-strain region was several times higher than that of the low-strain region. The proposed method has implication for improving the biological efficacy of the robotic micromanipulation.

Many experimental techniques apparatuses such as atomic force microscopy, micromanipulation, microfluidics, allow us to study cells' mechanical properties. However, there is still a lack of understanding of cell's mechanical properties at the subcellular scale. In this paper, we propose a method to develop a subcellular model of eukaryotic cells using dissipative particle dynamics, which explicitly takes into account the mesoscopic structure of cell membrane, cytoskeleton as well as the biochemical functions of cells, including the depolymerization and polymerization of the cytoskeleton, the binding and unbinding of cell particles. We performed the simulation of micropipette aspiration of living cells and compared the cell mechanical response with that observed during the experiment. The experimental results show that the micropipette suction phenomenon in the low-speed flow field and the large cell deformation phenomenon in the high-speed flow field were well simulated by applying the flow field on the cell model. The model can control the cell volume and surface area stably even when the cell undergoes super large deformation. The proposed method has implications for improving the biological efficacy of micromanipulation by paving the way for fully understanding the mechanical properties of cells.

Emergency communication system is the most important communication mean in nuclear power plant because it relevant to emergency response. The research of safety requirements for emergency communication system in nuclear power plant is introduced in this paper. Based on the safety requirements and analysis, the design scheme of emergency communication system of nuclear power plant is developed by the design of architecture, layout and power supply. The design scheme of emergency communication system will be used in the new HPR1000 (Hua-long Pressurised Reactor) project, including UK HPR1000. It can also be used on the nuclear power plant of CPR1000 (Chinese Pressurised Reactor), ACPR1000 (Advanced Chinese Pressurised Reactor), EPR (European Pressurised Reactor) and AP1000 (Advanced Passive Pressurised Water Reactor).

The government WeChat official account in China has become the most signification tool for mobile public services since Internet Plus was proposed in 2015. The government departments are trying their best to attract the public to use their accounts. The young generation is the most significant group to be attracted, because they will be the frequent users soon after they go into the society and also they can teach the older people to use the accounts effectively. Aiming at proposing the promotion strategies for the youth, we conducted an empirical study with structural equation of modeling (SEM) on the university students' adoption of the government WeChat official accounts. In the paper, firstly, we give the profile of the government WeChat official accounts using and the reason why the youth should be paid attention to. Secondly, we construct our research model by employing Technology Acceptance Model, Theory of Reasoned Action, Innovation Diffusion Theory, Network Externality, and the theories on Trust together and considering the characteristics of both WeChat and the young generation, and especially extract the influencing factors from three perspectives, that is, the technical, the personal and the environmental. Then we illustrate the data collection, the methodology and the SEM analysis with AMOS 22.0. At last, we propose four strategies for the promotion of mobile public services for the youth based on the results of the empirical study.

Accelerator-based computing, which has been a mainstay of System-on-Chips (SoCs) is of growing interest to a wider range of computing systems. However, the significant design effort required to identify a computational target for acceleration, design a hardware accelerator, verify the correctness of the accelerator, integrate the accelerator into the system, and rewrite applications to use the accelerator, is a major bottleneck to the widespread adoption of accelerator-based computing. The classical approach to this problem is based on top-down methodologies such as automatic HW/SW partitioning and high-level synthesis (HLS). While HLS has advanced significantly and is seeing increased adoption, it does not leverage the ability of experienced human designers to craft highly optimized RTL, nor does it leverage the growing body of already existing hardware accelerators. In this work, we propose ACCLIB, a design framework that allows software developers to utilize existing libraries of predesigned hardware accelerators automatically with no prior knowledge of the function of the accelerators, with minimal knowledge of hardware design, and with minimal design effort. To accomplish this, ACCLIB uses formal verification techniques to match a target software function with a functionally equivalent accelerator from a library of accelerators. It also generates the required HW/SW interfaces as well as the code necessary to offload the computation to the accelerator. We validate ACCLIB by applying it to accelerate six different applications using a library of hardware accelerators in just over one hour per application, demonstrating that the proposed approach has the potential to lower the barrier to adoption of accelerator-based computing.

Reasonable dispatch of stand-alone microgrid with renewable energy can obtain high efficiency and reliability of system. In order to avoid micro-gas turbine being switched frequently between start and stop that could affect the lifetime of micro-gas turbine, a dynamic dispatch method with feedback correction for stand-alone microgrid is proposed in this paper. In the mean time, power supply with renewable energy has the priority for improve efficiency of stand-alone microgrid and avoid the waste of wind and solar energy. An economic dispatch model of stand-alone microgrid to achieve the minimum operating cost is established, and the constraint is also considered in the mode. Particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the model. Then, simulation study is carried out under MATLAB. The results show that the proposed dynamic optimization method can obviously reduces the number of start and stop of micro-gas turbine. In addition, stand-alone microgrid can used efficiently renewable energy. Therefore, stand-alone microgrid with the proposed dynamic optimization method can operate efficiently and reliably.

In Chinese hierarchical medical system, hospitals are divided into different levels according to different types of treatment. However, due to lack of clear regulation, many patients visit upper-level hospitals even for simple services while more severe patients may encounter denial of care. To solve this problem, reverse referral, i.e., transferring premature inpatients from upper-level hospitals (ULH) to lower-level hospitals (LLH) has been proposed. Therefore, how to make decisions for the crowded ULH to implement the reverse referral and at the same time maximizing its profit is quite essential to be studied. The classical dynamic programming method of Markov Decision Process (MDP) is applied to build the inpatient referral model in this paper. We provide an optimal dynamic control policy and all the numerical results are analyzed. The results show that an optimal referral policy is feasible in the real life and helpful to motivate reverse referral.

In order to overcome the on-line monitoring system's technical problems for polluted insulators, which are susceptible to EMI(electromagnetic interference), on-site power supply required, poor accuracy and low reliability, this paper proposes an insulator surface ESDD (equivalent salt deposit density) detection scheme for contamination measure based on high humidity-sensitive PI-FBG (Fiber Bragg Grating coated by polyimide) sensor. First of all, through theoretical analysis and experimental verification, and based on the exploration of several aspects—PAA (polyamic acid) solution concentration, viscosity, PI (polyimide) film thickness — a high humidity-sensitive PI-FBG sensor was developed. Then, The ESDD sensing experiment was carried out based on the developed high humidity-sensitive PI-FBG. Finally, to test the sensor's stability and life length, performance experiments were repeated after 6months from the time when the sensor was manufactured. By the developed high humidity-sensitive PI-FBG sensor and its result of experiment on salt sensitivity, the PI-FBG sensor was proved that, with its good stability, it can be used for the ESDD detection on the surface of insulator in the future.

The risk assessment of power network is beneficial to improve the reliability of power system. It only considers the condition of the equipment itself in conventional power network risk assessment methods, but lacks of a consideration of the various influence factors in the network. A comprehensive risk assessment method based on Equipment Condition and entropy is proposed to evaluate power network in this paper. Firstly, a model of power network is established, considering the key risk factors including equipment condition, network structure, loads, natural and weather etc. Then, the AHP method is used to determine the subjective weight, while entropy method is applied to obtain the objective weights. After that, the combined weights are calculated based on subjective and objective weights. Last, the effectiveness of the model is proved by two study cases, the weights parameters in the model can be applied in the other risk assessment of power networks.

Using the method of image visual processing to assist clinical diagnosis is an important technology of medicine field, because of this, gradually become a hot research topic in recent years. Spine MRI image contains important information of spine and plays an active role in diagnosis, therefore, there must be a robust method for the image segmentation and extract the useful information, this is also helpful for the subsequent 3D reconstruction. In this paper, we propose a fully automatic, unsupervised segmentation algorithm of intervertebral disc using an improved marker controlled watershed transformation which combines intention and prior shape information. Experimental results show that our algorithm can accurately extract the outline of intervertebral disc from normal spine and different degree of deformation of the spine. Obviously, this method is robust enough to deal with different shapes of disc.

Curved planar reformation (CPR) is an effective way to inspect and monitor the inner information of vessel. Compared to three-dimensional (3D) vessel visualization technologies, it can diagnose vascular diseases such as stenosis, calcification and atherosclerotic plaque, the extensions of this technique help improve medical image analysis and surgical consultation. As traditional straightened CPR method suffers existing problems such as single vision, omissions and false positive calcification regional problems, we present a novel method for multiple angels straightened CPR of heart data in this paper, the images will be obtained in two dimensions via a transformation from volume data along the center line (3D). Our method presents a more intuitive view of internal information of vessel at different angels, the changes in blood vessel radius and the calcification region can be observed, which reduces the rate of misdiagnosis.

The ability to precisely manipulate a single magnetic particle (within a closely distributed group of such particles) has potential applications in studying cellular and molecular behavior at an ensemble-level and in enabling more sophisticated ways of manipulating cells, biomolecules, and other micro-structures. This requires the applied magnetic field be localized. The extent of this localization gives rise to the issue of proximity interference, where the magnetic field intended to influence a specific particle may exert a force on another particle nearby. A properly localized magnetic field enables selective pulling or capturing of particle in a group. In this paper, we present a novel magnetic micromanipulation system that uses an electromagnetic needle (EMN) and a flux collector strategically positioned relative to each other to realize magnetic field localization. We pair an EMN with a soft magnetic core identical to that of the EMN but without the coiling. This core acts as a flux collector for the EMN. The collector provides a specified path for the magnetic field emanating from the tip of the EMN, thus reducing its spread and concentrating the field in the region between the EMN and the collector. We evaluated the proposed EMN-collector system by first comparing numerically its magnetic field with that generated by the EMN alone through numerical simulation. We then conducted experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed system for magnetic field localization. This system can be applied to manipulate magnetic nano/micro-particles suspended in a media in 3D, possibly focusing on individual particles of interest. This system can manipulate magnetic nano/micro-particles at forces ranging from atto-to pico-Newtons. It has the potential for applications involving the mechanical manipulation of cells and biological organisms, such as in probing molecular binding interactions, separating biological materials, and characterizing the mechanical properties of cell and the extracellular matrix.

The ability to simultaneously manipulate multiple magnetic particle (or beads) opens up new opportunities in conducting large-scale studies involving multiple biological objects. In this paper we present the development of two control schemes, namely PI control with an arbitrary control sequence and optimal control with a selected control sequence, for simultaneous position-regulation of magnetic beads under disturbances. A set of simulation studies were conducted in COMSOL to examine the effectiveness of the PI control, while a numerical simulation was carried out in MATLAB to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optimal control in dealing with a more complex situation that was modeled as a switched LQR problem. Particle Tracing Module for COMSOL was implemented to model the bead-fluid interaction during simulations. The results show the feasibility of both schemes in coordinated regulation of bead positions.

We construct a climate network of extreme rainfall over eastern Asia during the period of 1971 to 2000. The study provides valuable insights into the spatial structure of 90th percentile rainfall events during the East Asia Summer Monsoon in June, July, and August (JJA). We calculate degree distribution which is one of the most important and simplest measures of networks from undirected network and directed network. The degree spatial pattern of undirected network is quite different among north, middle and south of eastern Asia, and research indicates the spatial scale of extreme rainfalls synchronization is lager over inland regions with non-typical monsoon climate than that of coastal regions with typical monsoon climate. The degree spatial pattern of directed network manifests the moisture sinks and the moisture sources. The result might be great helpful to understanding the dynamical mechanism of extreme rainfalls from a new aspect.

The image deconvolution technique was applied in micro-measurement. By fabricating a pointolite, the point spread function of the optical system is measured. After using the maximum likelihood estimation algorithms and iteration threshold segmentation algorithms, the geometric blurring in traditional microscopy is removed. The technique is applied to measure areas of scratches scaled in 10 microns, which affect the surface properties of medical department of orthopedics plates. The technique makes great sense in the development of corresponding measurement.

This paper presents a B-Spline surface interpolator aiming to generate tool path for precision machining of free-form surfaces. For simplicity of implementation of the proposed surface interpolator, iso-parametric machining method is adopted. Parametric interpolation based on Taylor's expansion is used along the tool path and also in the path interval direction for better surface quality and improving machining efficiency. However, scallop heights between two adjacent CC paths generated when using iso-parametric machining method are non-constant, which could cause degradation in machining quality and precision. As an attempt to address this problem, this paper presents an algorithm for on-line or off-line scheduling CC path satisfying that the maximum scallop height between two adjacent CC paths will not exceed specified scallop height value to ensure the desired machining precision. Simulation results indicate the feasibility of the proposed interpolator and CC path scheduling algorithm.